<b>Action specificity of chemical treatment and inoculation with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> in wheat seed on the crop initial growth</b>

Ludwig, Rodrigo Luiz; Martin, Thomas Newton; Stecca, Jessica Deolinda Leivas; Cunha, Vinícius dos Santos; Nunes, Ubirajara Russi; Grando, Luiz Fernando Teleken

doi:10.1590/0034-737X201865050005

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Crop Production • Rev. Ceres 65 (05) • Sep-Oct 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X201865050005 copy

**Action specificity of chemical treatment and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in wheat seed on the crop initial growth** ¹ This work is part of the first author masters thesis.

Especificidade da ação do tratamento químico e inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense em sementes de trigo no crescimento inicial da cultura

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The agronomic efficiency of the nitrogen-fixing inoculants or growth promoters depends on the growing conditions of the crops. One of the factors that may influence this response is the interaction between the bacteria present in the inoculant with the chemical treatment applied to the seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inoculation of wheat seeds with Azospirillum brasilense and its interaction with seed treatment on germination, vigor and initial growth of wheat plants of four cultivars. So, an experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS. The experimental design was a completely randomized in a three-factorial (4x4x2), represented by the combinations between cultivar (FUNDACEP Bravo, OR/TBIO Quartzo, TBIO Itaipu e BRS 331), chemical treatment (1: Insecticide + Fungicide; 2: Insecticide; 3:Fungicide; 4: Witness without treatment) and Azospirillum brasilense inoculation (with and without inoculant). The determinations which were carried out were the following: emergence in beds, first germination test counting (vigor), germination, seedling length (root, aerial part and total), dry mass (root and aerial part). The responses to inoculants with Azospirillum brasilense are closely related to the cultivars used in the study. The treatment of seeds with fungicide and insecticide presented a phytotoxic effect, damaging the initial growth of the seedlings.

Keywords:
diazotrophic bacteria; inoculation; triadimenol

Universidade Federal de Viçosa Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 31) 3612-2078 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: ceres@ufv.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: martin.ufsm@gmail.com

SV	DF	Mean Square
SV	DF	SE	GF	GT	APC	RL	TL	APM	RM
CULT	3	1454,2*	1397,8*	732,3*	1,9*	60,7*	43,9*	6,4*	2,6*
ST	3	558,4*	10757,6*	572,7*	261,1*	165*	797,7*	52,3*	0,9^ns
INO	1	98^ns	520*	11,3^ns	1,3*	24,2*	36,9*	2,5*	0,1^ns
CULT*ST	9	100,6^ns	202,3^ns	36,3^ns	2,7*	2^ns	5,6*	3,2*	0,8*
CULT*INO	3	76,7^ns	226,1^ns	102,9^ns	1,8*	2,7^ns	4,7^ns	3,5*	0,6^ns
ST*INO	3	78,6^ns	82,6^ns	21,1^ns	0,4^ns	1,7^ns	2,9^ns	1^ns	0,2^ns
CULTSTINO	9	161,3*	314,2*	78,9^ns	1,2*	2,2*	2,8^ns	0,4^ns	2,0*
CV (%)		10,6	20,0	8,1	6,1	9,4	6,9	9,9	10,3
AVERAGE		74,6	52,9	78,5	8,2	11,2	19,4	6,4	5,9

Inoculant	ST	FUNDACEP Bravo	TBIO Quartzo	TBIO Itaipu	BRS 331
With	Fung. + Insect.	α* 65,0 b B	α** 74,5 a A	β 52,0 b C	α 83,0 a A
	Insecticide	α 79,0 a A	α 78,0 a A	α 76,5 a A	α 88,0 a A
	Fungicide	α 62,5 b B	α 68,5 a B	α 77,0 a A	α 77,0 a A
	Without ST	α 67,5 b B	α 71,0 a B	β 69,0 a B	α 91,0 a A
Without	Fung. + Insect.	α 67,0 b A	α 74,0 a A	α 73,5 a A	α 80,5 a A
	Insecticide	α 73,0 a A	α 79,0 a A	α 76,5 a A	α 87,0 a A
	Fungicide	α 61,0 b B	α 67,0 a B	α 69,0 a B	α 87,0 a A
	Without ST	α 77,5 a A	α 73,5 a A	α 80,5 a A	α 81,5 a A

Inoculant	ST	Germination test first count (%)
Inoculant	ST	FUNDACEP Bravo	TBIO Quartzo	TBIO Itaipu	BRS 331
With	Fung. + Insect.	α * 31,5 b A	α** 20,5 c B	β 9,00 c B	α 43,5 b A
	Insecticide	α 57,5 a A	α 54,5 b A	α 61,0 a A	α 72,5 a A
	Fungicide	α 41,0 b A	α 50,5 b A	α 39,0 b A	α 52,0 b A
	Without ST	α 71,0 a A	α 77,5 a A	β 54,5 a B	α 78,5 a A
Without	Fung. + Insect.	α 37,0 b A	α 36,0 c A	α 25,0 c A	α 35,5 c A
	Insecticide	α 60,5 a B	α 56,5 b B	α 50,5 b B	α 76,5 a A
	Fungicide	α 51,0 a A	α 41,5 c A	α 54,0 b A	α 56,5 b A
	Without ST	α 57,0 a B	α 75,5 a A	α 82,0 a A	α 83,5 a A
Germination (%		74,31 C	78,87 B	75,69 C	85,06 A
Germination (%)		Seed Treatments
Germination (%)		Fung. + Insect.	Insecticide	Fungicide	Without TS
		75,87 C	79,12 B	74,75 C	84,19 A

Inoculant	ST	FUNDACEP Bravo	TBIO Quartzo	TBIO Itaipu	BRS 331
Inoculant	ST	Aerial Part Length(cm)
With	Fung. + Insect.	α 5,7 b A*	α 5,4 b A**	β 4,9 c A	α 5,8 c A
	Insecticide	α 9,8 a C	β 10,6 a B	α 11,3 a A	α 10,5 b B
	Fungicide	α 5,9 b A	α 5,2 b B	α 6,1 b A	α 5,8 c A
	Without ST	α 9,5 a B	β 10,1 a B	α 11,0 a A	α 11,2 a A
Without	Fung. + Insect.	α 6,0 b A	α 5,7 c A	α 5,8 b A	α 5,4 b A
	Insecticide	α 10,0 a B	α 11,5 b A	α 10,3 a B	α 10,4 a B
	Fungicide	α 6,2 b A	α 5,1 c B	α 6,3 b A	α 5,8 b A
	Without ST	α 9,3 a C	α 12,5 a A	α 10,8 a B	α 11,0 a B
Root Length(cm)
With	Fung. + Insect.	β 9,5 d A	β 7,7 c B	α 7,3 d B	α 9,4 c A
	Insecticide	α 12,8 b A	α 10,4 b B	α 10,6 b B	β 11,4 b B
	Fungicide	α 11,3 c A	α 8,0 c B	α 9,5 c B	α 10,7 b A
	Without ST	β 15,0 a A	α 13,3 a B	α 12,4 a B	β 13,8 a B
Without	Fung. + Insect.	α 11,8 c A	α 9,5 b B	α 8,2 c B	α 9,0 d B
	Insecticide	α 13,9 b A	α 11,8 a B	α 10,1 b C	α 13,1 b A
	Fungicide	α 11,7 c A	α 8,2 b B	α 9,4 b B	α 10,9 c A
	Without ST	α 17,4 a A	α 12,9 a B	α 12,7 a B	α 16,2 a A
Total Length (cm)
	Fung. + Insect.	16,5 c A	14,1 c B	14,8 d B	14,8 d B
	Insecticide	23,2 b A	22,2 b B	22,7 b A	22,7 b A
	Fungicide	17,5 c A	13,2 c C	16,6 c A	16,6 c A
	Without ST	25,7 a A	24,4 a B	26,1 a A	26,1 a A
Total Length(cm)		Inoculation
Total Length(cm)		With Inoculante		Without Inoculant
		18,9 B		19,9 A

	FUNDACEP	TBIO	TBIO	BRS	Average
	Bravo	Quartzo	Itaipu	331	Average
ST	Aerial Part Mass (g)
Fung. + Insect.	5,2 b A *	4,8 c A **	4,9 b A	5,1 c A	5,0
Insecticide	6,6 a B	7,1 b B	7,7 a A	8,1 a A	7,3
Fungicide	5,2 b A	4,7 c B	5,5 b A	6,1 b A	5,4
Without ST	6,2 a C	7,8 a B	7,8 a B	8,7 a A	7,6
	Aerial Part Mass (g)
With Inoculant	6,4 a B	5,8 b C	7,0 a A	7,2 a A	6,6
Without Inoculant	5,7 b B	6,4 a A	6,3 b A	6,7 b A	6,3

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Action specificity of chemical treatment and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in wheat seed on the crop initial growth 1 This work is part of the first author masters thesis.

Especificidade da ação do tratamento químico e inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense em sementes de trigo no crescimento inicial da cultura

ABSTRACT

**Action specificity of chemical treatment and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in wheat seed on the crop initial growth** ¹ This work is part of the first author masters thesis.