Nitrogen top-dressing fertilization of maize cultivated in single and twin-row systems

Brame, Lucas José; Coelho, Anderson Prates; Leal, Fábio Tiraboschi; Salvador Neto, Almir; Mingotte, Fábio Luiz Checchio; Lemos, Leandro Borges

doi:10.1590/0034-737X202168010003

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Crop Production • Rev. Ceres 68 (1) • Jan-Feb 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X202168010003 copy

Nitrogen top-dressing fertilization of maize cultivated in single and twin-row systems¹ 1 This work is part of the scientific initiation work of the first author.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cropping systems (single and twin-rows) and N fertilizer rates in the second top-dressing on the agronomic performance and relative economic returns of maize. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with subplots and three repetitions. The plots were composed of two cropping systems: single and twin-rows. The subplots consisted of six rates of N fertilizer, applied in the second top-dressing fertilization in the V₈ phenological stage (eight fully developed leaves) of maize: 0, 14, 28, 56, and 70 kg ha^-1 of N. The first application of N top-dressing fertilization (rate of 140 kg ha^-1 N) was during the V₄ phenological stage (four fully developed leaves) in all treatments. The cropping system of twin-rows provides a higher grain yield and relative economic return of maize. The agronomic efficiency of the twin-row cropping system decreases with increasing N rates, but remains higher than that obtained in the single-row system, independent of the N fertilizer top-dressing rate.. The application of the second N top-dressing fertilization in the V₈ phenological stage increases linearly with the grain yield and relative economic return of maize, independent of the cropping system.

Keywords:
Zea mays L.; nitrogen rates; twin-rows; agronomic efficiency.

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E-mail: ceres@ufv.br

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[1] *Corresponding Author: anderson_100ssp@hotmail.com

Treatments	Leaf N content	Plant height	Ear insertion	Stem diameter
Treatments	--- g kg^-1 ----	---m ---	---- m ----	---mm ---
Single-rows	30.99 b	2.27 a	1.12 a	25.22 b
Twin-rows	31.58 a	2.21 a	1.06 b	27.74 a
CV (%)	0.58	3.47	1.61	1.26
F test
CS	93,44*	6.53^ns	89.15*	511.43**
R	3,69*	3.49*	3.94*	12.56**
CS x R	0,32^ns	0.83^ns	0.57^ns	4.53**

Treatments	Rows per ear	Grains per rows	Grains per ear	Mass of 1000 grains	Grain yield
Treatments	Number			g	kg ha^-1
Single-rows	18.46 a	33.12 b	611.73 b	323.91 b	7,436 b
Twin-rows	18.55 a	36.18 a	671.61 a	324.11 a	8,304 a
CV (%)	1.77	3.28	1.61	0.03	6.67
F test
CS	0.66^ns	65.61*	300.60**	49.00*	24.64*
R	1.77^ns	18.51**	17.23**	98.00**	10.22**
CS x R	0.72^ns	0.89^ns	0.73^ns	0.08^ns	1.27^ns

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Nitrogen top-dressing fertilization of maize cultivated in single and twin-row systems1 1 This work is part of the scientific initiation work of the first author.

ABSTRACT

Nitrogen top-dressing fertilization of maize cultivated in single and twin-row systems¹ 1 This work is part of the scientific initiation work of the first author.