Abstract

KOCH, Camila Ribeiro et al. Antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens among outpatients, 2000-2004. Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. [online]. 2008, vol.41, n.3, pp. 277-281. ISSN 0037-8682.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822008000300010.

A retrospective study based on the electronic database of a university hospital was carried out to investigate the prevalence of etiological agents and their susceptibilities to antibiotics, among adult outpatients (> 18 years old) with urinary tract infections. Nine hundred and fifty-seven positive urine cultures were identified between January 2000 and December 2004. Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella sp were the three principal bacterial etiological agents. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole presented the highest prevalence of bacterial resistance (46.9%), followed by cefalotin (46.7%), nalidixic acid (27.6%) and nitrofurantoin (22.3%). Over the study period, nalidixic acid presented annual increases of 5.9% in the rate of bacterial resistance (p = 0.02). Ciprofloxacin also showed an increasing trend, of 3.3% per year (p = 0.07). This study demonstrated that the antibiotics that are widely recommended for empirical treatment of urinary tract infection in adults presented high rates of bacterial resistance among the population studied.

Keywords : Urinary tract infection; Bacterial resistance; Antibiotics; Urine culture; Retrospective study.