Prevalence and risk factors of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection at a university hospital in Brazil

Santos, Alex Maurício Garcia; Souza Júnior, Valter Romão de; Melo, Fábio Lopes de; Aquino, Ana Emília Costa de Araújo; Ramos, Maria Olivia Aureliano; Araújo, Lucas Marinho; Lira, Celso Rodrigues de; sobral, Patrícia Maria; Figueiroa, François; Melo, Heloisa Ramos Lacerda de; Araújo, Paulo Sérgio Ramos de

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0097-2018

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Short Communication • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 51 (06) • Nov-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0097-2018 copy

Prevalence and risk factors of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection at a university hospital in Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The incidence of syphilis has increased since the 1970s.

METHODS

This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample.

RESULTS:

Of 973 patients with human immunodeficiency virus, 179 (18.4%) tested positive for both human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis, 84.8% were men, 50.9% were aged between 36 and 50 years, 47.8% with syphilis were diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus for 10-20 years, and 40.3% received antiretroviral therapy for 10-20 years.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of syphilis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus is higher than expected, making it urgent to adopt efficient public health measures.

Keywords:
Syphilis; AIDS; Co-infection; Prevalence

	n	%
Age (years)	n = 175
18-25 years	7	4.0
26-35 years	20	11.4
36-50 years	89	50.9
51-65 years	49	28.0
>66 years	10	5.7
Sex	n = 178
Male	151	84.8
Female	27	15.2
Residence	n = 169
Recife municipality	145	85.8
Other	24	14.2
Duration of HIV (years)	n = 178
>20 years	9	5.1
10-20 years	85	47.8
5-9 years	39	21.9
2-4 years	42	23.6
CD4 T cells (initial) Cells/mm ³	n = 164
<200	62	37.8
201-300	25	15.2
301-400	17	10.4
401-500	16	9.8
>500	44	26.8
CD4 T cells (last)	n = 172
<200	13	7.6
201-300	10	5.8
301-400	20	11.6
401-500	13	7.6
>500	116	67.4

	n	%
Viral load (initial) copies/ml	n =162
<40	13	8.0
41-1.000	28	17.3
1.001-10.000	22	13.6
10.001-99.999	41	25.3
>100.000	58	35.8
<40	13	8.0
Viral load (last)	n = 170
<40	133	78.2
41-1000	17	10.0
1001-10,000	6	3.5
10,001-99,999	10	5.9
>100,000	4	2.4
Serum VDRL	n = 179
1:2	41	22.9
1:1	27	15.1
1:16	20	11,2
1:4	19	10.6
1:8	18	10.1
1:32	16	8.9
1:64	13	7.3
1:128	12	6.7
1:256	8	4.5
1:512	4	2.2
1:1024	1	0.6
Group VDRL	n =179
≤1:8	105	58.7
1:16-1:128	61	34.1
>1:128	13	7.3

			CD4 T cell count - initial	CD4 T cell count - last
			grouped cells/mm³	grouped cells/mm³
VDRL titers		Rho	0.074	0.038
		p-value	0.349	0.623
		n	164	172
CD4 T cell - initial (cells/mm ³ ) Grouped		Rho	1	0.455
		p-value	-	0.000
		Rho	1	0.455
		n	164	159
CD4 T cell - initial (cells/mm ³ )		Rho	0.96	0.467
		p-value	0	0
		n	164	159
CD4 T cells - last (cells/mm ³ )		Rho	0.509	0.831
		p-value	0	0
		n	159	172
		PCR HIV Initial	PCR HIV	PCR HIV
		grouped copies/ml	last grouped copies/ml	initial copies/ml
VDRL titers	Rho	−0.058	0.065	−0.053
	p-value	0.461	0.399	0.500
	n	162	170	162
PCR HIV - initial grouped copies/ml	Rho	1	0.152	0.965
	p-value	-	0.059	0
	n	162	156	162
PCR HIV - last grouped copies/ml	Rho	0.152	1	0.154
	p-value	0.059	-	0.056
	n	156	170	156
PCR HIV - initial copies/ml	Rho	0.965	0.154	1
	p-value	0.00	0.056	-
	n	162	156	162
PCR HIV - last copies/ml	Rho	0.156	0.999	0.159
	p-value	0.051	0.000	0.047
	n	156	170	156

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[1] Corresponding author: Dr. Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo. e-mail: psergiora@gmail.com