Abstract

CRUZ, Eniel David  and  CARVALHO, José Edmar Urano de. Fruit and seed biometry and germination of Micropholis cf. venulosa Mart. & Eichler (Sapotaceae). Acta Amaz. [online]. 2003, vol.33, n.3, pp. 389-398. ISSN 0044-5967.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672003000300005.

Micropholis cf. venulosa Mart. & Eichler, knwon as curupixá, is a tree largely used in forest exploitation in the State of Pará. The objective was to study the biometrics features of fruit and seeds and the effect of desiccation on seed germination. It was measured the length and diameter of fruits, number of seeds per fruits, percentage of seeds damaged by insects, length, width and thickness of seeds. For control (fresh seeds) and desiccated seeds, the percentage of germination, of abnormal seedlings, of dead seeds, mean time germination and number of days to first germination were also measured. Seeds were desiccated by storage on silica gel for 72 and 96 hours. Sowing was carried out on a substrate containing sand and sawdust (1:1), in four replicates of 50 seeds. Length and diameter of the fruits ranged from 32.5 to 72.9 mm and 29.1 to 58.0 mm, respectively. Fruits had one to three seeds, and 53.3% of them were damaged by insects. The M. cf. venulosa fruit is a bacca with length, width and thickness of seeds ranged from 15.5 to 41.1 mm, 8.0 to 18.7 mm and 4.7 to 12.6 mm, respectively. For control seeds germination was slow and non-uniform, and started 24 days after sowing. Total germination (55%) was recorded 96 days after sowing. It was observed a significant reduction on germination of desiccated seed and an increase on the number days to first germination and on the percentage the dead seeds. Moisture reduction in seeds from 42.6% to 28.9% reduced germination to 24.7% and increased the percentage of dead seeds to70%, indicating that seeds of this species are sensitive to desiccation.

Keywords : Desiccation; mean time germination; recalcitrant seed.