Genetic diversity among accessions of sacha inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i>) by phenotypic characteristics analysis

RODRIGUES, Haroldo Silva; BORÉM, Aluízio; VALENTE, Mágno Sávio Ferreira; LOPES, Maria Teresa Gomes; CRUZ, Cosme Damião; CHAVES, Francisco Célio Maia; BEZERRA, Caroline de Souza

doi:10.1590/1809-4392201702591

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Agronomy and Forestry • Acta Amaz. 48 (2) • Apr-Jun 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201702591 copy

Genetic diversity among accessions of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) by phenotypic characteristics analysis

Diversidade genética entre acessos de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) por análise de características fenotípicas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) is native to the Amazon region and has a high seed content of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, making it interesting for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The purpose of this study was to analyze sacha inchi genetic diversity and describe accessions based on phenotypic characteristics. Fruits and seeds of 25 accessions from the sacha inchi genebank of Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental in Manaus, Amazonas state, were sampled and biometrically measured. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, Mahalanobis distance, canonical correlation, and genetic diversity among and within accessions by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). There were significant differences among the means of the analyzed traits, but no significant canonical correlation for the groups of traits. According to AMOVA, approximately 60% of the observed variation was within accessions. The results showed variability among accessions, and that the variation within accessions should be explored to obtain best results in breeding programs.

Keywords:
Euphorbiaceae; biometrics; Amazon region; genetic resources

Accession	Lobes per fruit (n)	Fruit weight (g)	Fruit length 1 (mm)	Fruit length 2 (mm)	Fruit height (mm)	Seed Weight (g)	Seed diameter (mm)	Seed length (mm)	Total seed weight (g)	Yield (g seed per g fruit)
A1M01	4.0 b	9.26 b	39.94 c	40.94 c	21.54 b	0.79 c	14.03 d	7.74 b	3.15 c	0.34 b
A1M02	4.0 b	8.66 b	47.31 a	47.30 b	19.05 c	1.16 a	16.52 c	8.77 a	4.65 a	0.55 a
A1M03	4.0 b	8.94 b	43.62 b	45.01 b	21.75 b	0.81 c	16.19 c	8.39 a	3.26 c	0.37 b
A1M04	4.6 a	8.70 b	44.54 a	44.78 b	19.28 c	0.81 c	15.60 c	7.68 b	3.23 c	0.37 b
A1M05	4.2 b	9.93 a	39.20 c	39.76 d	25.10 a	1.19 a	16.41 c	8.92 a	4.74 a	0.50 a
A1M06	4.0 b	6.30 d	43.40 b	43.25 c	20.00 c	0.74 c	13.92 d	7.49 b	2.97 c	0.49 a
A1M07	4.0 b	10.45 a	47.59 a	47.30 b	19.89 c	1.11 a	19.92 a	8.77 a	4.42 a	0.42 b
A1M08	4.2 b	9.97 a	48.03 a	47.97 a	21.22 b	0.95 b	17.29 b	8.16 b	3.79 b	0.38 b
A1M09	4.0 b	8.60 b	46.44 a	45.60 b	18.73 c	0.94 b	16.17 c	8.17 b	3.77 b	0.44 b
A1M10	4.0 b	10.16 a	48.80 a	47.91 a	22.97 b	1.22 a	16.87 c	8.52 a	4.87 a	0.48 a
A1M11	4.0 b	7.14 c	48.24 a	47.92 a	20.43 c	1.11 a	20.13 a	8.08 b	4.44 a	0.63 a
A1M12	4.0 b	9.89 a	48.97 a	49.68 a	22.43 b	1.01 b	16.05 c	7.93 b	4.04 b	0.41 b
A1M13	4.0 b	10.91 a	49.66 a	49.72 a	20.17 c	1.02 b	18.56 b	8.23 b	4.09 b	0.38 b
A1M14	4.0 b	9.01 b	49.62 a	49.46 a	22.85 b	1.08 a	17.71 b	8.39 a	4.32 a	0.48 a
A1M15	4.0 b	5.98 d	41.34 b	42.18 c	18.35 c	0.75 c	13.91 d	7.90 b	3.01 c	0.51 a
A2M01	4.2 b	7.91 c	38.07 c	37.31 d	16.75 c	1.03 b	15.76 c	8.48 a	4.10 b	0.52 a
A2M02	4.0 b	6.30 d	42.75 b	42.95 c	18.05 c	0.79 c	14.47 d	7.77 b	3.15 c	0.50 a
A2M03	4.2 b	8.55 b	45.51 a	45.68 b	19.66 c	0.89 c	14.72 d	7.96 b	3.55 c	0.42 b
A2M04	4.5 a	8.72 b	43.06 b	42.36 c	18.36 c	1.16 a	16.04 c	8.69 a	4.63 a	0.54 a
A2M05	4.0 b	7.87 c	39.23 c	39.59 d	17.69 c	1.00 b	14.20 d	8.50 a	3.99 b	0.51 a
A2M06	4.6 a	7.32 c	41.39 b	43.07 c	19.21 c	0.70 c	15.09 d	7.81 b	2.80 c	0.40 b
A2M07	4.0 b	8.16 c	46.91 a	46.81 b	20.74 b	0.93 b	15.15 d	8.06 b	3.72 b	0.46 b
A2M08	4.4 a	9.42 b	46.78 a	46.69 b	22.02 b	0.99 b	16.15 c	8.39 a	3.95 b	0.43 b
A2M09	4.0 b	10.16 a	48.96 a	50.40 a	21.00 b	1.02 b	16.90 c	8.16 b	4.08 b	0.40 b
A2M10	4.0 b	6.97 c	40.38 c	40.88 c	18.88 c	0.94 b	15.42 c	8.50 a	3.76 b	0.55 a
Mean	4.1	8.61	44.7	44.98	20.24	0.96	16.13	8.22	3.86	0.46

Source of Variation	Degrees of Freedom	Sum of Squares	Mean Squares	Estimate of Variance Components	Percentage of Variation
Among	24	624.0000	26.0000	3.9714	39.21
Within	100	615.6800	6.1568	6.1568	60.79
Total	124	1240.0029	10.0000

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E-mail: acta@inpa.gov.br

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[1] * Corresponding author: magnosavio@yahoo.com.br