Temporal variation in the spider assemblage (Arachnida, Araneae) in canopies of <i>Callisthene fasciculata</i> (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal biome

Yamazaki, Lúcia; Vindica, Vanessa F.; Brescovit, Antonio D.; Marques, Marinez I.; Battirola, Leandro D.

doi:10.1590/1678-4766e2017019

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Articles • Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 107 • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2017019 copy

Temporal variation in the spider assemblage (Arachnida, Araneae) in canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal biome

Variação temporal na assembleia de aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) em copas de Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) no Pantanal brasileiro

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Spiders are generalist predators and present a high diversity of capturing and foraging, as well as considerable species richness in tropical habitats. Although, generally, not presenting specific relations to the host plant, they can be influenced by its phenology, structure and resource availability. So, this study analyzed temporal variation on the structure and composition of Araneae assemblage in Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) canopies, in an area of monodominant vegetation, in the periods of high water, receding water, dry season and rising water in Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The collection was performed on 24 individuals of C. fasciculata, six in each seasonal period, in 2010 and 2011, making use of canopy fogging with insecticide. For that, ten nylon funnels were distributed under each canopy of C. fasciculata individuals, in a total of 240 m² of sampled canopies. In all, 3,610 spiders were collected and distributed in 24 families and 55 species. Anyphaenidae (43.3%; 6.5 ind./m²), Pisauridae (16.2%; 2.4 ind./m²), Araneidae (12.7%; 1.9 ind./m²) and Salticidae (12.4%; 1.9 ind./m²) were the most representative. Osoriella tahela Brescovit, 1998 was the most abundant species (12.2%). The nocturnal aerial runners of foliage (45.6%; 6.9 ind./m²), nocturnal aerial ambushers of foliage (17.3%; 2.6 ind./m²), aerial orb weavers (13.3%; 2.0 ind./m²) and the diurnal aerial runners of foliage (12.5%; 1.9 ind./m²) spiders represented the most abundant guilds. Significant differences were observed in the composition of families and behavioral guilds, as well as abundance and richness among seasonal periods. The assemblage showed the highest abundance in receding water and highest species richness in high water period, probably related to the hydrologic cycle of the area and its influence on C. fasciculata phenology, indicating the importance of this plant species for spider’s diversity maintenance in the Pantanal.

KEYWORDS
Arthropods; biodiversity; nebulization; wetlands

Museu de Ciências Naturais Museu de Ciências Naturais, Secretária do Meio Ambiente e Infraestrutura, Rua Dr. Salvador França, 1427, Jardim Botânico, 90690-000 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil, Tel.: + 55 51- 3320-2039 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: iheringia-zoo@fzb.rs.gov.br

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Taxa	High water			Receding water			Dry season			Rising water			Total			Behavioral guilds
	N	%	Ind./m²	N	%	Ind./m²	N	%	Ind./m²	N	%	Ind./m²	N	%	Ind./m²
			(60m²)			(60m²)			(60m²)			(60m²)			(240m²)
Amphinectidae	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	NGW
Anyphaenidae
Osoriella tahela Brescovit, 1998	20	2.6	0.3	1	0.1	<0.1				7	2.3	0.1	28	0.8	0.1	NAH
Otoniela sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1	2	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1	3	1.0	0.1	7	0.2	<0.1	NAH
Xiruana pocone Oliveira & Brescovit, 2015	9	1.2	0.2										9	0.2	<0.1	NAH
Anyphaenidae sp. 1	2	0.3	<0.1	8	0.5	0.1	1	0.1	<0.1				11	0.3	<0.1	NAH
Others *	267	34.1	4.5	766	45.1	12.8	354	42.8	5.9	122	40.3	2.0	1,509	41.8	6.3	NAH
Araneidae
Acacesia sp. 1	2	0.3	<0.1										2	0.1	<0.1	OW
Alpaida sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Araneus sp. 1	5	0.6	0.1										5	0.1	<0.1	OW
Araneus sp. 2				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Bertrana sp. 1										1	0.3	<0.1	1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Cyclosa sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Eustala sp. 1	4	0.5	0.1										4	0.1	<0.1	OW
Hypognatha sp. 1				2	0.1	<0.1							2	0.1	<0.1	OW
Kaira gibberosa O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1890							1	0,1	<0.1				1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Metazygia sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1										3	0.1	<0.1	OW
Micrathena sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Araneidae sp. 1				3	0.2	0.1							3	0.1	<0.1	OW
Others	94	12.0	1.6	191	11.3	3.2	131	15.8	2.2	18	5.9	0.3	434	12.0	1.8	OW
Corinnidae
Castianeirinae sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	NAH
Castianeira sp. 1	2	0.3	<0.1										2	0.1	<0.1	NAH
Others	14	1.8	0.2	7	0.4	0.1	23	2.8	0.4	1	0.3	<0.1	45	1.2	0.2	NAH
Dictynidae
Dictyna sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1				1	0.1	<0.1	3	1.0	0.1	5	0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Others							3	0.4	0.1	6	2.0	0.1	9	0.2	<0.1	DSWW
Gnaphosidae	4	0.5	0.1	2	0.1	<0.1							6	0.2	<0.1	GR
Linyphiidae
Vesicapalpus sp. 1							1	0.1	<0.1				1	<0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Others	1	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1				6	2.0	0.1	8	0.2	<0.1	DSWW
Lycosidae	3	0.4	0.1	1	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1	5	1.7	0.1	10	0.3	<0.1	GR
Mimetidae
Mimetidae sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	NAH
Others	1	0.1	<0.1				2	0.2	<0.1	1	0.3	<0.1	4	0.1	<0.1	NAH
Miturgidae				2	0.1	<0.1							2	0.1	<0.1	NAH
Mysmenidae
Mysmena sp. 1				4	0.2	0.1							4	0.1	<0.1	OW
Trogloneta sp. 1							2	0.2	<0.1				2	0.1	<0.1	OW
Others	1	0.1	<0.1	12	0.7	0.2				2	0.7	<0.1	15	0.4	0.1	OW
Nephilidae							1	0.1	<0.1				1	<0.1	<0.1	OW
Oonopidae
Cinetomorpha sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1	2	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1	3	1.0	0.1	9	0.2	<0.1	NGR
Gamasomorphinae sp. 1	9	1.2	0.2	1	0.1	<0.1				11	3.6	0.2	21	0.6	0.1	NGR
Orchestina sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	NGR
Others	3	0.4	0.1	2	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1	1	0.3	<0.1	7	0.2	<0.1	NGR
Oxyopidae	11	1.4	0.2	17	1.0	0.3	4	0.5	0.1	3	1.0	0.1	35	1.0	0.1	DAH
Pholcidae							1	0.1	<0.1				1	<0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Pisauridae	156	19.9	2.6	310	18.3	5.2	102	12.3	1.7	16	5.3	0.3	584	16.2	2.4	DSWW
Salticidae
Acragas sp. 1				3	0.2	0,1	1	0.1	<0.1				4	0.1	<0.1	NAH
Freyinae sp. 1										1	0.3	<0.1	1	<0.1	<0.1	NAH
Frigga sp. 1	2	0.3	<0.1										2	0.1	<0.1	DAH
Gastromicans sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1	1	0.1	<0.1				3	1.0	0.1	7	0.2	<0.1	NAH
Gastromicans sp. 2	1	0.1	<0.1				6	0.7	0.1	1	0.3	<0.1	8	0.2	<0.1	NAH
Lyssomanes sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1	2	0.1	<0.1				1	0.3	<0.1	6	0.2	<0.1	NAH
Nycerella sp.1	2	0.3	<0.1	4	0.2	0.1	2	0.2	<0.1				8	0.2	<0.1	DAH
Synemosyna sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1	1	0.1	<0.1							4	0.1	<0.1	NAH
Salticidae sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1	4	0.2	0.1				1	0.3	<0.1	6	0.2	<0.1	DAH
Others	82	10.5	1.4	164	9.7	2.7	116	14.0	1.9	39	12.9	0.7	401	11.1	1.7	DAH
Selenopidae
Selenops sp. 1										1	0.3	<0.1	1	<0.1	<0.1	NAA
Others	7	0.9	0.1	3	0.2	0.1				2	0.7	<0.1	12	0.3	0.1	NAA
Senoculidae	4	0.5	0.1										4	0.1	<0.1	NAA
Sparassidae
Polybetes sp. 1							1	0.1	<0.1				1	<0.1	<0.1	NAA
Others	3	0.4	0.1	10	0.6	0.2	5	0.6	0.1				18	0.5	0.1	NAA
Tetrablemmidae
Matta? sp. 1	2	0.3	<0.1										2	0.1	<0.1	GR
Others	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	GR
Theridiidae
Anelosimus sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1							1	0.3	<0.1	2	0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Chrysso pulcherrima (Mello- Leitão, 1917)	2	0.3	<0.1	13	0.8	0.2	4	0.5	0.1				19	0.5	0.1	DSWW
Chrysso sp. 1				3	0.2	0.1							3	0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Cryptachaea sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1										3	0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Dipoena sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	0.0							2	0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Episinus sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Faiditus sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	DSWW
aff.Phycossoma sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Theridion sp. 1	1	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1							2	0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Theridiidae sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	DSWW
Others	19	2.4	0.3	108	6.4	1.8	38	4.6	0.6	5	1.7	0.1	170	4.7	0.7	DSWW
Thomisidae
Aphantochilus rogersi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870	1	0.1	<0.1							1	0.3	<0.1	2	0.1	<0.1	DAA
Deltoclita sp. 1							1	0.1	<0.1	3	1.0	0,1	4	0.1	<0.1	DAA
Tmarus sp. 1	3	0.4	0.1	1	0.1	<0.1				1	0.3	<0.1	5	0.1	<0.1	DAA
Tmarus sp. 2	3	0.4	0.1							2	0.7	<0.1	5	0.1	<0.1	DAA
Tobias sp. 1				1	0.1	<0.1							1	<0.1	<0.1	DAA
Thomisidae sp. 1				2	0.1	<0.1	1	0.1	<0.1				3	0.1	<0.1	DAA
Others	9	1.2	0.2	34	2.0	0.6	22	2.7	0.4	32	10.6	0.5	97	2.7	0.4	DAA
Trechaleidae
Syntrechalea syntrechaleoides (Mello-Leitão, 1941)	1	0.1	<0.1										1	<0.1	<0.1	NAA
Others	3	0.4	0.1										3	0.1	<0.1	NAA
RICHNESS	33	60.0		28	50.9		14	25.5		17	30.9		55	100.0
TOTAL	782	100.0	13.0	1,697	100.0	28.3	828	100.0	13.8	303	100.0	5.1	3,610	100.0	30.1