A new species of <i>Drepanocnemis</i> (Diptera, Muscidae) from Andes in Peru, with an updated phylogenetic analysis of species

Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira; Couri, Márcia Souto; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

doi:10.1016/j.rbe.2017.10.001

Lucas Roberto Pereira Gomes ^** Corresponding author. lucaspergos@gmail.com

Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departmento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Biogeografia de Diptera, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Márcia Souto Couri

Museu Nacional, Departmento de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Claudio José Barros de Carvalho

Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departmento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Biogeografia de Diptera, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

* Corresponding author. lucaspergos@gmail.com

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures (5)
Tables (2)

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Figs. 1–6
Drepanocnemis aurifronssp. nov., male holotype: (1) head, anterior view; (2) head, lateral view; (3) lateral view; male paratype: (4) dorsal view; female paratype: (5) head anterior view; (6) lateral view. Scale: 0.5 mm.

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Figs. 7–13
Drepanocnemis aurifronssp. nov., male: (7) fore leg, posterior view; (8) sternite 5, dorsal view; (9) epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; (10) epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, lateral view; (11) hypandrium and associated structures, lateral view; female: (12) ovipositor, dorsal view; (13) ovipositor, ventral view.

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Figs. 14–16
Drepanocnemis hirticepsStein, 1911Stein, P., 1911. Die von Schnuse in Südamerika gefangenen Anthomyiden. Arch. Naturgesch. 77, 61-189., male lectotype: (1) head, anterior view; (2) head, lateral view; (3) lateral view. Scale: 0.5 mm.

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Fig. 17
Strict consensus tree of Drepanocnemis species with outgroups Pegomya notata, Spilogona golbachi, Pyrgophora nigribasis, Anaphalanthus longicornis and Neodexiopsis neoaustralis. Tree length = 37, consistency index = 0.81, retention index = 0.78. Black circles, synapomorphies; clear circles, homoplasies.

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Fig. 18
Geographic distribution of Drepanocnemis species on Pacific dominion and South Brazilian dominion (Morrone, 2014Morrone, J.J., 2014. Biogeographical regionalization of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa 3782, 1-110.). Symbols: triangle (D. dorae); circle (D. hirticeps); square (D. griseovirens); star (D. aurifrons sp. nov.); hexagon (Drepanocnemis sp.).

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Table 1
Characters and character states used in the cladistics analysis of Drepanocnemis species (modified from Couri and de Carvalho, 2008Couri, M.S., de Carvalho, C.J.B., 2008. A review of the Neotropical genus Drepanocnemis Stein (Diptera, Muscidae), with phylogenetic analysis and biogeographic considerations of its species. J. Nat. Hist. 42, 2659-2678.).

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Table 2
Data matrix of 26 characters used in the cladistics analysis of Drepanocnemis species.

Number	Character	States
1	Male frons	(0) Holoptic; (1) dichoptic
2	Cilia on eye	(0) Absent; (1) present
3	Cilia on arista	(0) Present along its whole length; (1) present only in basal half
4	Ors proclinate in female	(0) Present; (1) absent
5	Colour of pollinosity on frons	(0) Brown; (1) grey-green; (2) golden
6	Labella	(0) Developed; (1) reduced
7	Development of prestomal teeth	(0) Weakly developed; (1) greatly developed
8	Lower proepimeral seta	(0) Upcurved; (1) downcurved
9	Prealar seta	(0) Present; (1) absent
10	Pre-sutural dorsocentral setae	(0) 2; (1) 1
11	Post-sutural intralar setae	(0) Long; (1) reduced
12	Disposition of katepisternal setae in male	(0) 1 + 2; (1) 1 + 1 + 1; (2) 0 + 1
13	Disposition of katepisternal setae in female	(0) 1 + 2; (1) 1 + 1 + 1
14	Cilia on inferior portion of scutellum	(0) Present; (1) absent
15	Length of anal vein	(0) Long, reaching wing margin; (1) short
16	Fore tibia of male	(0) Not modified; (1) modified, very broad
17	Anterodorsal long seta on male fore tibia	(0) Absent; (1) present
18	Position of long anterodorsal setae on fore tibia	(0) Sub-basal; (1) almost median
19	Calypter colouration	(0) Yellowish white; (1) dark brown
20	Number of preapical setae on dorsal surface of hind femur	(0) 2; (1) 3
21	Spots in abdominal tergites	(0) Paired, not fused; (1) fused
22	Shape of hypandrium	(0) Plate-like, not tubular; (1) tubular
23	Length of female ovipositor	(0) Moderately long; (1) short; (2) long
24	Shape of female cerci	(0) Short and round; (1) medium to long and slender
25	Hypoproct	(0) Reduced; (1) developed
26	Shape of female tergites 6 and 7	(0) One broad plate; (1) two broad plates; (2) intermediate to slender plates

										1										2
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6
Pegomya notate	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	?	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spilogona golbachi	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	?	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
Pygophora nigribasis	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	?	?	0	0	0	1	1	0	1
Anaphalanthus longicornis	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	?	?	0	0	1	2	1	1	2
Neodexiopsis neoaustralis	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	?	0	1	0	1	2	1	1	2
Drepanocnemis dorae	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	2	?	1	1	1	1	0	?	1	0	?	?	?	?	?
Drepanocnemis hirticeps	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	?	2	1	1	2
Drepanocnemis griseovirens	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	2	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	2	1	1	2
Drepanocnemis aurifrons sp. nov.	1	1	0	1	2	0	1	0	1	0	0	2	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	2

[1] * Corresponding author. lucaspergos@gmail.com

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A new species of Drepanocnemis (Diptera, Muscidae) from Andes in Peru, with an updated phylogenetic analysis of species

ABSTRACT