Resumen

BALOTA, Elcio Liborio; MACHINESKI, Oswaldo  y  SCHERER, Alexandra. Mycorrhizal effectiveness on physic nut as influenced by phosphate fertilization levels. Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo [online]. 2012, vol.36, n.1, pp. 23-32. ISSN 0100-0683.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832012000100003.

In recent years, physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) has attracted attention because of its potential for biofuel production. Although it is adapted to low-fertility soils, physic nut requires soil acidity corrections and addition of a considerable amount of fertilizer for high productivity. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (control without AMF inoculation, Gigaspora margarita inoculation or Glomus clarum inoculation) on increasing growth and yield of physic nut seedlings under different rates of P fertilization (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg^-1 P soil) in greenhouse. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized, block in a factorial scheme design with four replications. The physic nut plants were harvested 180 days after the beginning of the experiment. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased physic nut growth, plant P concentration and root P uptake efficiency at low soil P concentrations. The P use quotient of the plants decreased as the amount of P applied increased, and the P use efficiency index increased at low P levels and decreased at high P levels. Mycorrhizal root colonization and AMF sporulation were negatively affected by P addition. The highest mycorrhizal efficiency was observed when the soil contained between 7.8 and 25 mgkg^-1 of P. The physic nut plants responded strongly to P application, independent of mycorrhizal inoculation.

Palabras llave : Jatropha curcas L.; mycorrhizal inoculation; phosphorus efficiency; phosphate nutrition.