Methods of adaptability and stability applied to eucalyptus breeding

The objective of this work was to evaluate the consistency of the methods of Annicchiarico, Lin & Binns, Wricke, and factor analysis in identifying eucalyptus clones with stability, adaptability, and high productive potential. Eight-four clones, with three years of age, from the genetic breeding program of the company CMPC Celulose Riograndense were used. Three field experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design, in an 84x3 factorial arragement, with 20 replicates of one plant per plot. The clones were evaluated as to diameter at breast height, plant height, and volume of wood. The methods of Annicchiarico and Lin & Binns are highly correlated with each other, and their use together with the method of Wricke is a sound strategy for the evaluation of eucalyptus clones. The factor analysis identified broadly adaptable clones, and some of them were the same ones identified by the methods of Annicchiarico and Lin & Binns. The use of the mean classification of the clones, along with the factor analysis, is efficient to identify the most adapted, stable, and productive ones among a high number of genotypes.

Index terms:
Eucalyptus; average ranking; experimental planning; factor analysis; selection

Authorship

Osmarino Pires dos Santos

Celulose Riograndense, Rua São Geraldo, no 1.680, Ermo, CEP 92500-000 Guaíba, RS, Brazil. E-mail: osmarino.santos@cmpcrs.com.brCelulose RiograndenseBrazilGuaíba, RS, BrazilCelulose Riograndense, Rua São Geraldo, no 1.680, Ermo, CEP 92500-000 Guaíba, RS, Brazil. E-mail: osmarino.santos@cmpcrs.com.br

Ivan Ricardo Carvalho

Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, CEP 96050-500 Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil. E-mail: carvalho.irc@gmail.com, nardinomn@gmail.com, pelegrinagro@gmail.com, viniciusszareski@gmail.com, ferraritatu@gmail.com, ghdemari@hotmail.com, lucianoc.maia@gmail.comUniversidade Federal de PelotasBrazilCapão do Leão, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas, Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, CEP 96050-500 Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil. E-mail: carvalho.irc@gmail.com, nardinomn@gmail.com, pelegrinagro@gmail.com, viniciusszareski@gmail.com, ferraritatu@gmail.com, ghdemari@hotmail.com, lucianoc.maia@gmail.com

Maicon Nardino

Tiago Olivoto

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, no 1.000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: tiagoolivoto@gmail.comUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaBrazilSanta Maria, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, no 1.000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: tiagoolivoto@gmail.com

Alan Junior de Pelegrin

Vinícius Jardel Szareski

Mauricio Ferrari

Andrei Caíque Pires Nunes

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida P.H. Rolfs, s/no, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: andreicaique@yahoo.com.brUniversidade Federal de ViçosaBrazilViçosa, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida P.H. Rolfs, s/no, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: andreicaique@yahoo.com.br

Gustavo Henrique Demari

Francine Lautenchleger

Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas, Avenida Colombo, no 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. E-mail: francinelautenchleger@hotmail.comUniversidade Estadual de MaringáBrazilMaringá, PR, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas, Avenida Colombo, no 5.790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. E-mail: francinelautenchleger@hotmail.com

Velci Queiróz de Souza

Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua 21 de Abril, no 80, São Gregório, CEP 96450-000 Dom Pedrito, RS, Brazil. E-mail: velciq@gmail.comUniversidade Federal do PampaBrazilDom Pedrito, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Pampa, Rua 21 de Abril, no 80, São Gregório, CEP 96450-000 Dom Pedrito, RS, Brazil. E-mail: velciq@gmail.com

Luciano Carlos da Maia

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables | Formulas

Figures (1)
Tables (9)
Formulas (1)

Thumbnail

Figure 1.
Distribution of factor analysis scores for the variables diameter at breast height (A), plant height (B), and volume of wood (C), considering 84 Eucalyptus clones evaluated in three environments.

Thumbnail

Table 1.
Geographic location and soil and climatic conditions of the environments evaluated in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 2.
Description of the Eucalyptus clones analyzed in three environments, with their respective species and crosses.

Thumbnail

Table 3.
Genotype grouping⁽¹⁾ according to their averages for diameter at breast height, plant height, and volume of wood.

Thumbnail

Table 4.
Estimates of the adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters for diameter at breast height (DBH, cm) of 84 Eucalyptus genotypes (G) for the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin & Binns (L&B), and Wricke (W), as well as their respective ranks (C) according to their adaptability and stability classification in each method.

Thumbnail

Table 5.
Estimates of the adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters for plant height (PH, m) of 84 Eucalyptus genotypes (G) for the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin & Binns (L&B), and Wricke (W), as well as their respective ranks (C) according to their adaptability and stability classification in each method.

Thumbnail

Table 6.
Estimates of the adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters for volume of wood (VOW, m³) of 84 Eucalyptus genotypes (G) for the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin &Binns (L&B), and Wricke (W), as well as their respective ranks (C) according to their adaptability and stability classification in each method.

Thumbnail

Table 7.
Spearman correlation coefficients of the adaptive and stability ranks of Eucalyptus clones, determined with the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin & Binns, and Wricke (upper matrix), and Pearson correlation coefficient between the analyzed variables (lower matrix).

Thumbnail

Table 8
Average ranking (μ_r) of the ten first Eucalyptus clones (C) considering the ranking of the averages (μ), and the adaptability and stability ranks of the methods of Annicchiarico (I_i), Lin & Binns (P_i), and Wricke (ω_i), for the evaluated variables.

Thumbnail

Table 9.
Subgroups of environments for the variables diameter at breast height, plant height and volume of wood, according to the factor analysis method, considering 84 Eucalyptus clones and three growing environments.

Thumbnail

Figure 1. Distribution of factor analysis scores for the variables diameter at breast height (A), plant height (B), and volume of wood (C), considering 84 Eucalyptus clones evaluated in three environments.

Table 1. Geographic location and soil and climatic conditions of the environments evaluated in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Descriptor	Boa Vista	Morro Vermelho	Cerro do Batovi
Municipality	Eldorado do Sul	Butiá	São Gabriel
Geographic coordinates	- 30.0689; - 51.4470	- 30.2750; - 52.1005	- 30.4470; - 54.5342
Altitude (m)	75	188	139
Previous occupation	Forest	Forest	Native field
Soil type	Ultisol	Ultisol	Ultisol
Mean temperature (°C)	18.2	18.2	20.2
Absolute minimum temperature (°C)	2.21	2.21	0.3
Absolute maximum temperature (°C)	34.9	34.9	37.3
Frost risk	Low	Low	High
Relative humidity (%)	82.2	82.2	72.4
Rainfall (mm)	1570	1570	1965

Table 2. Description of the Eucalyptus clones analyzed in three environments, with their respective species and crosses.

No.	Species	Number of clones	Total no. of clones (%)
1	E. (grandis x urophylla) x not informed	31	36.90
2	E. urophylla x E. globules	21	25.00
3	E. (grandis x urophylla) x E. globulus	12	14.29
4	E. saligna x not informed	4	4.76
5	E. (grandis x urophylla) x E. (urophylla x globulus)	3	3.57
6	E. (grandis x saligna) x notinformed	2	2.38
7	E. grandis x E.globulus	2	2.38
8	E. (grandis x urophylla) x E.maidenii	2	2.38
9	E. (grandis x urophylla) x E.viminalis	2	2.38
10	E. urophylla x not informed	1	1.19
11	E. (dunnii x grandis) x E. (urophylla x globulus)	1	1.19
12	E. (dunnii x grandis) x E.viminalis	1	1.19
13	E. saligna	1	1.19
14	E. (dunnii x grandis) x not informed	1	1.19
Total		84	100.00

Table 3. Genotype grouping⁽¹⁾ according to their averages for diameter at breast height, plant height, and volume of wood.

Group	Highest average	Lowest average	Genotype⁽²⁾
	Diameter at breast height (cm)
A	17.614	15.790	9, 59, 64, 15, 72, 62, 11, 10, 58, 65, 68, 83, 75, 77, 71, 1, 34, 82
B	15.494	13.460	16, 74, 76, 12, 63, 13, 8, 26, 69, 67, 66, 30, 33, 46, 2, 51, 79, 52, 60, 84,40,29,54, 4, 14, 17, 32, 20, 70, 78
C	13.311	12.002	55, 31, 24, 73, 56, 53, 18, 61, 47, 7, 35, 50, 80, 21, 39, 27, 42, 81
D	11.641	11.021	5, 3, 41, 43, 57, 28, 36
E	10.807	9.850	49, 22, 19, 6, 48
F	9.581	8.140	25, 37, 23, 44, 45, 38
	Plant height (m)
A	17.768	16.336	59, 9, 77, 30, 13, 14, 62, 72, 83, 34, 29, 70, 40, 67, 12, 81, 46, 8, 69, 74, 71
B	16.221	14.853	58, 82, 16, 60, 84, 51, 75, 54, 26, 1, 24, 20, 31, 4, 11, 64, 65, 68, 61, 10, 47, 15, 70, 17, 32, 7, 73, 78, 55, 52, 18, 2, 3, 63, 56, 33, 66
C	14.771	13.071	22, 53, 39, 76, 41, 27, 35, 43, 36, 21, 50, 42, 57, 28, 80, 37, 19, 5, 25
D	12.822	10.966	49, 48, 23, 6, 44, 38, 45
	Volume of wood (m³)
A	0.215	0.188	9, 59, 72, 64, 66
B	0.183	0.161	62, 15, 77, 83, 10, 58, 65, 11, 34, 68, 75, 71, 74, 1
C	0.156	0.134	30, 16, 13, 46, 12, 82, 67, 69, 79, 26, 8, 63, 24, 84, 40, 76, 29, 60, 2, 51
D	0.127	0.118	54, 33, 52, 17, 4, 14, 73, 70, 18, 32, 42
E	0.115	0.081	53, 20, 31, 78, 47, 35, 81, 55, 39, 21, 61, 56, 27, 41, 22, 7, 43, 36, 80, 50, 3, 5
F	0.071	0.032	28, 57, 49, 19, 37, 48, 6, 23, 25, 44, 45, 38

⁽¹⁾The groups were formed according to the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability. ⁽²⁾The order of the genotype in each group is presented according to their decreasing average ranking for each variable.

Table 4. Estimates of the adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters for diameter at breast height (DBH, cm) of 84 Eucalyptus genotypes (G) for the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin & Binns (L&B), and Wricke (W), as well as their respective ranks (C) according to their adaptability and stability classification in each method.

G	DBH		ANN		L&B		Wricke		G	DBH		ANN		L&B		Wricke
G	Average	C	Ωi	C	Pi	C	ωi	C	G	Average	C	ωi	C	Pi	C	ωi	C
1	15.99	16	101.3	16	4.67	17	73.36	34	43	11.31	70	73.08	50	27.1	69	8.538	4
2	14.65	33	100.1	21	8.23	29	18.5	7	44	9.029	82	12.74	82	57.3	81	954.5	83
3	11.55	68	77.26	47	25.90	68	18.83	9	45	8.32	83	12.32	83	63.3	84	840.4	81
4	14.08	42	93.43	33	11,00	42	28.68	14	46	14.76	32	70.38	54	9.06	34	331.8	68
5	11.64	67	53.46	66	25.20	66	175.2	59	47	12.42	57	59.72	64	20.1	54	176.9	61
6	10.16	77	40.95	74	41.40	78	391.5	72	48	9.85	78	65.3	61	39.8	77	33.44	19
7	12.41	58	77.10	48	21,00	56	64.25	30	49	10.81	74	32.36	78	39.2	76	699.9	79
8	15.11	25	90.12	37	7.85	27	103.5	41	50	12.33	60	62.11	62	23.5	63	237.9	66
9	17.61	1	111.6	4	0.95	1	125.4	46	51	14.62	34	94.74	29	8.41	31	49.65	24
10	16.47	8	108.3	9	2.49	7	63.59	29	52	14.57	36	101	18	8.72	32	8.101	3
11	16.48	7	105.1	11	2.60	8	89.77	37	53	12.75	54	42.31	73	20.1	55	510.4	76
12	15.32	22	100.4	20	5.67	21	45.89	23	54	14.13	41	92.42	35	10.4	41	32.76	18
13	15.11	24	95.07	28	6.46	23	69.47	32	55	13.31	49	46.45	70	22.8	61	714.6	80
14	14	43	78.92	46	13.20	45	140.1	52	56	12.75	53	72.39	52	19.7	52	131.7	48
15	17.21	4	115.40	2	1.410	3	26.29	13	57	11.26	71	69.55	56	28.8	71	71.34	33
16	15.49	19	104.10	12	5.40	19	32.51	17	58	16.42	9	108.7	8	2.78	9	55.72	26
17	13.91	44	91.02	36	12.10	43	32.32	16	59	17.36	2	120.5	1	0.97	2	20.11	10
18	12.65	55	48.34	69	19.80	53	377.8	71	60	14.42	37	87.59	40	9.43	38	96.62	39
19	10.68	76	51.39	68	35.70	75	256.5	67	61	12.54	56	83.72	44	19	51	18.52	8
20	13.73	46	72.37	53	15.10	46	211.1	64	62	16.57	6	109.9	6	2.28	6	58.75	28
21	12.26	62	65.83	59	21.20	57	137.9	49	63	15.12	23	87.66	39	8.26	30	169	58
22	10.75	75	26.98	79	33.60	74	453	75	64	17.31	3	104.1	13	1.52	4	183.8	63
23	9.131	81	7.484	84	58.60	83	1207	84	65	16.35	10	98.78	25	3.75	15	143.6	53
24	12.91	51	26.55	80	22,00	59	928.3	82	66	14.87	29	86.24	41	9.28	36	110.8	43
25	9.581	79	24.63	81	49.6	80	697	78	67	15	28	92.86	34	7.06	26	90.98	38
26	15.03	26	105.10	10	6.95	25	3.243	1	68	16.29	11	104.1	14	3.41	12	76.35	35
27	12.16	64	69.40	57	23.30	62	125.5	47	69	15.02	27	98.84	24	6.68	24	40.3	21
28	11.12	72	60.80	63	31.10	72	157.8	55	70	13.65	47	65.5	60	17	49	377	70
29	14.34	40	99.94	22	9.52	39	8.694	5	71	16.02	15	113.1	3	3.52	14	14.94	6
30	14.86	30	85.93	42	7.88	28	139.1	51	72	17.18	5	98.72	26	1.97	5	235	65
31	13.25	50	76.32	49	16.80	48	117.7	44	73	12.9	52	85.67	43	17.3	50	26.15	12
32	13.9	45	83.24	45	13.10	44	99.37	40	74	15.38	20	110.1	5	5.47	20	6.592	2
33	14.81	31	89.50	38	9.14	35	88.18	36	75	16.17	13	109.6	7	3.16	10	36.73	20
34	15.82	17	93.77	32	4.87	18	162.4	56	76	15.36	21	101.1	17	5.8	22	44.87	22
35	12.33	59	37.19	77	23.60	64	580.3	77	77	16.16	14	100.8	19	3.45	13	107.1	42
36	11.02	73	37.27	76	32.40	73	425.2	74	78	13.46	48	72.78	51	16.3	47	176.1	60
37	9.449	80	42.79	72	43.70	79	138.8	50	79	14.6	35	93.97	31	8.76	33	54.56	25
38	8.14	84	44.11	71	58,0	82	149.8	54	80	12.32	61	66.9	58	22.4	60	179.3	62
39	12.2	63	58.77	65	21.50	58	165.8	57	81	12	66	52.27	67	25.4	67	359.8	69
40	14.37	39	96.72	27	9.41	37	24.11	11	82	15.79	18	102.1	15	4.67	16	57.71	27
41	11.36	69	69.75	55	28,00	70	68.17	31	83	16.26	12	99.71	23	3.2	11	124.8	45
42	12	65	40.65	75	24.4	65	421.1	73	84	14.41	38	94.17	30	9.82	40	31.76	15

Table 5. Estimates of the adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters for plant height (PH, m) of 84 Eucalyptus genotypes (G) for the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin & Binns (L&B), and Wricke (W), as well as their respective ranks (C) according to their adaptability and stability classification in each method.

G	PH		ANN		L&B		Wricke		G	PH		ANN		L&B		Wricke
G	Average	C	Ωi	C	Pi	C	ωi	C	G	Average	C	ωi	C	Pi	C	ωi	C
1	16.01	31	104.90	32	3.04	30	9.85	9	43	14.30	66	93.64	66	8.43	63	4.69	3
2	15.07	53	99.47	50	6.86	54	112.67	54	44	11.77	82	79.02	82	26.77	80	415.32	78
3	15.03	54	98.59	54	5.99	49	16.62	15	45	10.97	84	74.89	83	37.19	84	897.63	84
4	15.88	35	104.01	34	3.67	34	77.22	46	46	16.42	17	106.15	21	1.98	17	108.27	52
5	13.37	76	86.79	76	12.49	74	51.84	38	47	15.55	42	99.85	49	4.35	40	187.57	68
6	11.91	81	80.55	81	27.10	81	532.18	81	48	12.63	79	83.03	79	17.38	78	58.33	40
7	15.40	47	100.90	45	4.55	42	1.44	1	49	12.82	78	85.66	78	20.01	79	386.82	76
8	16.40	18	107.68	16	2.59	27	65.07	42	50	14.16	69	93.91	64	10.77	71	125.91	58
9	17.73	2	115.02	3	0.32	3	94.59	50	51	16.12	27	104.32	33	2.53	26	89.75	49
10	15.59	41	98.64	53	7.37	57	691.42	82	52	15.11	51	98.14	55	5.10	45	25.10	20
11	15.85	36	103.84	36	3.78	36	50.73	36	53	14.71	60	94.70	62	6.69	52	121.89	57
12	16.53	15	107.71	15	1.58	13	17.84	16	54	16.07	29	105.52	26	2.90	28	7.96	6
13	17.15	5	111.74	7	0.75	7	45.96	33	55	15.11	50	100.12	47	8.33	60	240.52	71
14	17.14	6	111.83	6	0.90	8	54.09	39	56	14.99	56	99.02	51	6.81	53	60.58	41
15	15.52	43	101.57	43	4.16	37	1.67	2	57	14.08	71	92.86	68	10.25	70	75.31	45
16	16.19	24	105.36	27	2.23	20	21.65	18	58	16.22	22	105.91	23	2.33	21	13.80	14
17	15.49	45	101.28	44	4.19	38	9.10	7	59	17.77	1	116.21	1	0.19	1	11.10	12
18	15.10	52	96.76	58	5.92	48	232.55	70	60	16.18	25	105.76	24	2.51	24	34.30	27
19	13.38	75	89.35	74	15.86	76	265.91	73	61	15.62	40	102.60	38	4.26	39	29.54	26
20	15.93	33	105.21	29	4.39	41	109.59	53	62	17.13	7	111.90	5	0.98	11	49.52	35
21	14.16	68	93.27	67	10.15	69	120.34	56	63	14.99	55	97.92	56	8.65	65	330.27	74
22	14.77	59	93.70	65	8.65	64	495.84	80	64	15.83	37	102.33	39	3.48	32	131.85	59
23	12.13	80	81.12	80	28.26	82	860.93	83	65	15.77	38	103.19	37	3.58	33	27.68	24
24	15.94	32	101.64	42	4.93	44	451.45	79	66	14.85	58	98.65	52	8.75	66	178.60	66
25	13.07	77	87.20	75	17.02	77	219.54	69	67	16.59	14	108.36	14	1.60	14	27.67	23
26	16.02	30	105.29	28	3.14	31	10.10	11	68	15.71	39	103.85	35	4.74	43	68.96	44
27	14.46	64	95.29	60	8.38	61	35.37	28	69	16.39	19	106.96	18	1.87	15	9.34	8
28	13.85	72	92.14	69	12.79	75	177.85	65	70	15.49	44	101.83	40	6.92	55	265.06	72
29	16.95	11	110.69	10	0.95	10	10.00	10	71	16.34	21	105.55	25	2.17	18	117.60	55
30	17.25	4	112.17	4	0.58	4	50.82	37	72	17.11	8	111.45	8	0.74	6	38.54	31
31	15.92	34	104.91	31	3.73	35	27.60	22	73	15.25	48	100.04	48	5.71	46	65.25	43
32	15.48	46	101.82	41	7.97	59	372.54	75	74	16.36	20	106.74	19	1.96	16	11.81	13
33	14.97	57	97.55	57	5.89	47	26.85	21	75	16.09	28	105.00	30	2.49	23	7.32	5
34	16.97	10	110.42	12	0.91	9	43.03	32	76	14.67	62	94.30	63	7.13	56	172.53	64
35	14.36	65	92.01	70	8.43	62	180.12	67	77	17.67	3	115.20	2	0.30	2	48.32	34
36	14.17	67	91.24	71	9.53	68	168.33	63	78	15.18	49	100.46	46	6.48	50	79.38	47
37	13.45	74	86.31	77	12.49	73	149.49	61	79	16.82	12	110.68	11	2.17	19	82.58	48
38	11.12	83	74.64	84	31.06	83	398.57	77	80	13.79	73	91.05	72	11.89	72	105.34	51
39	14.70	61	95.43	59	6.59	51	37.90	30	81	16.52	16	107.15	17	2.44	22	145.13	60
40	16.64	13	108.81	13	1.51	12	6.21	4	82	16.21	23	106.10	22	2.51	25	22.10	19
41	14.51	63	94.95	61	7.92	58	35.96	29	83	17.09	9	111.38	9	0.72	5	29.11	25
42	14.15	70	90.65	73	9.02	67	151.29	62	84	16.16	26	106.18	20	2.93	29	18.31	17

Table 6. Estimates of the adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters for volume of wood (VOW, m³) of 84 Eucalyptus genotypes (G) for the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin &Binns (L&B), and Wricke (W), as well as their respective ranks (C) according to their adaptability and stability classification in each method.

G	VOW		ANN		L&B		Wricke		G	VOW		ANN		L&B		Wricke
G	Average	C	Ωi	C	Pi	C	ωi	C	G	Average	C	ωi	C	Pi	C	ωi	C
1	0.16	19	99.03	21	0.004	19	0.05	49	43	0.09	67	91.11	36	0.012	62	0.01	14
2	0.13	38	82.89	52	0.006	29	0.00	4	44	0.04	82	46.41	80	0.025	83	0.23	83
3	0.08	70	91.46	35	0.014	68	0.01	11	45	0.04	83	25.34	84	0.025	84	0.20	79
4	0.12	43	90.02	37	0.008	45	0.02	18	46	0.15	24	88.38	41	0.004	24	0.11	67
5	0.08	72	72.10	63	0.013	64	0.01	9	47	0.11	55	74.11	59	0.009	51	0.01	15
6	0.05	78	43.97	82	0.021	79	0.16	74	48	0.05	79	72.72	61	0.019	77	0.05	46
7	0.09	66	98.41	24	0.013	65	0.03	23	49	0.06	76	52.36	77	0.020	78	0.22	81
8	0.14	30	94.52	31	0.007	37	0.04	41	50	0.08	71	75.92	57	0.015	71	0.09	61
9	0.22	1	101.61	12	0.000	1	0.18	76	51	0.13	39	87.60	44	0.006	33	0.02	20
10	0.17	10	48.23	79	0.002	5	0.14	70	52	0.13	42	88.06	42	0.007	41	0.00	3
11	0.17	12	92.11	34	0.003	10	0.05	48	53	0.12	51	72.11	62	0.008	48	0.06	51
12	0.15	23	102.33	10	0.004	20	0.02	21	54	0.13	40	99.66	19	0.007	42	0.01	6
13	0.16	21	101.83	11	0.004	21	0.04	39	55	0.10	58	71.88	64	0.014	70	0.24	84
14	0.12	45	100.61	17	0.008	46	0.03	27	56	0.09	62	85.74	48	0.013	67	0.06	54
15	0.18	7	99.16	20	0.002	6	0.01	12	57	0.07	74	80.59	54	0.017	75	0.05	45
16	0.16	22	98.42	23	0.004	22	0.03	29	58	0.17	11	101.19	14	0.003	12	0.06	52
17	0.12	44	96.42	27	0.007	38	0.00	2	59	0.20	2	113.33	1	0.001	2	0.04	36
18	0.12	48	66.80	70	0.007	39	0.05	50	60	0.14	37	96.38	28	0.006	34	0.03	25
19	0.06	75	63.94	73	0.018	76	0.09	63	61	0.10	61	93.66	32	0.012	63	0.01	16
20	0.11	52	87.63	43	0.010	52	0.07	55	62	0.18	6	101.05	15	0.002	7	0.04	40
21	0.10	60	77.39	55	0.012	60	0.04	42	63	0.14	31	69.07	67	0.007	43	0.16	73
22	0.09	63	49.49	78	0.011	57	0.01	10	64	0.19	4	81.35	53	0.001	3	0.12	69
23	0.05	80	31.87	83	0.022	80	0.19	78	65	0.17	14	94.79	30	0.003	13	0.05	47
24	0.14	32	61.73	76	0.005	25	0.14	71	66	0.19	5	73.73	60	0.003	14	0.18	75
25	0.05	81	63.73	74	0.023	81	0.20	80	67	0.14	26	100.30	18	0.005	26	0.04	38
26	0.14	28	98.23	25	0.006	30	0.00	1	68	0.17	15	88.59	40	0.003	15	0.04	43
27	0.09	64	85.96	47	0.013	66	0.04	37	69	0.14	27	103.20	6	0.005	27	0.01	17
28	0.07	73	69.28	66	0.017	73	0.08	60	70	0.12	47	74.52	58	0.010	56	0.22	82
29	0.14	36	108.00	2	0.006	31	0.01	8	71	0.16	17	86.78	45	0.003	16	0.03	33
30	0.16	20	102.90	7	0.004	23	0.08	58	72	0.20	3	102.75	9	0.001	4	0.15	72
31	0.11	53	93.48	33	0.010	53	0.04	35	73	0.12	46	86.44	46	0.008	49	0.01	7
32	0.12	49	69.44	65	0.009	50	0.08	59	74	0.16	18	102.86	8	0.003	17	0.03	24
33	0.13	41	89.22	39	0.008	47	0.05	44	75	0.17	16	101.41	13	0.003	18	0.01	13
34	0.17	13	100.96	16	0.003	11	0.10	64	76	0.14	35	67.77	69	0.006	35	0.03	32
35	0.11	56	65.97	71	0.010	54	0.11	66	77	0.18	8	105.64	3	0.002	8	0.10	65
36	0.08	68	68.47	68	0.014	69	0.12	68	78	0.11	54	84.50	50	0.011	58	0.06	53
37	0.06	77	62.43	75	0.017	74	0.03	28	79	0.14	29	95.16	29	0.006	36	0.03	26
38	0.03	84	44.14	81	0.024	82	0.09	62	80	0.08	69	76.66	56	0.015	72	0.07	56
39	0.10	59	82.89	51	0.010	55	0.02	19	81	0.10	57	89.68	38	0.011	59	0.18	77
40	0.14	34	105.44	4	0.006	32	0.00	5	82	0.15	25	98.53	22	0.005	28	0.03	34
41	0.09	65	85.32	49	0.012	61	0.03	30	83	0.18	9	104.54	5	0.002	9	0.07	57
42	0.12	50	64.85	72	0.007	40	0.03	31	84	0.14	33	97.10	26	0.007	44	0.02	22

Table 7. Spearman correlation coefficients of the adaptive and stability ranks of Eucalyptus clones, determined with the methods of Annicchiarico (ANN), Lin & Binns, and Wricke (upper matrix), and Pearson correlation coefficient between the analyzed variables (lower matrix).

Variable	Method			Variable
Variable	ANN	Lin & Binns	Wricke	Plant height	Volume of wood
	Average rank
Plant height	0.991**	0.979**	0.510**	-	-
DBH	0.905**	0.994**	0.443**	-	-
Volume of wood	0.673**	0.985**	0.096^ns	-	-
	Annicchiarico rank
Plant height	-	0.970**	0.543**	-	-
DBH	-	0.926**	0.744**	-	-
Volume of wood	-	0.657**	0.419**	-	-
	Lin & Bins rank
Plant height	-	-	0.609**	-	-
DBH	-	-	0.488**	-	-
Volume of wood	-	-	0.155^ns	-	-
	Person correlation analysis
Plant height	-		-	0.845**	0.966**
DBH	-		-	1	0.846
Volume of wood	-		-		1

* and **Significant by the t-test, at 5 and 1% probability, respectively. DBH, diameter at breast height.

Table 8 Average ranking (μ_r) of the ten first Eucalyptus clones (C) considering the ranking of the averages (μ), and the adaptability and stability ranks of the methods of Annicchiarico (I_i), Lin & Binns (P_i), and Wricke (ω_i), for the evaluated variables.

Rank	Diameter at breast height						Plant height						Volume of wood
Rank	C	μ	I_i	P_i	ω_i	μ_r	C	μ	I_i	P_i	ω_i	μ_r	C	μ	I_i	P_i	ω_i	μ_r
1	59	2	1	2	10	3.75	59	1	1	1	12	5	59	2	1	2	36	9.4
2	15	4	2	3	13	5.5	62	7	5	11	35	12.6	15	7	20	6	12	15.8
3	71	15	3	14	6	9.5	83	9	9	5	25	14.6	62	6	15	7	40	16.6
4	62	6	6	6	28	11.5	72	8	8	6	31	15	74	18	8	17	24	17.4
5	74	20	5	20	2	11.75	13	5	7	7	33	17	83	9	5	9	57	17.4
6	75	13	7	10	20	12.5	12	15	15	13	16	17.2	12	23	10	20	21	20.4
7	58	9	8	9	26	13	14	6	6	8	39	18.2	11	12	34	10	48	22.4
8	10	8	9	7	29	13.25	69	19	18	15	8	18.2	75	16	13	18	13	22.6
9	11	7	11	8	37	15.75	40	13	13	12	4	19.6	58	11	14	12	52	23.8
10	68	11	14	12	35	18	67	14	14	14	23	20	1	19	21	19	49	24.2

Table 9. Subgroups of environments for the variables diameter at breast height, plant height and volume of wood, according to the factor analysis method, considering 84 Eucalyptus clones and three growing environments.

Eigen values		Factor scores after rotation
(%)	Accumulated	Environment	Factor 1	Factor 2
Diameter at breast height
63.149	63.149	1	0.9052	-0.2904
30.078	93.228	2	0.4487	0.8924
6.772	100.0	3	0.9348	-0.1472
Plant height
56.092	56.092	1	0.9062	0.1161
32.848	88.940	2	-0.1890	0.9819
11.059	100.0	3	0.9088	0.0884
Volume of wood
61.527	61.527	1	0.9377	0.0246
29.802	91.330	2	0.1164	0.9908
8.669	100.0	3	0.9057	0.2111

V O W = 0.000048 \times D H B^{1.720483} \times P H^{1.180736} \times \exp^{(- 3.00555) \times (t x / D B H)} \times [0 - {(d / D H B)}^{1 + 0.228531 \times d}] + ε

How to cite

copy

Embrapa Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Caixa Postal 040315, 70770-901 Brasília DF Brazil, Tel. +55 61 3448-1813, Fax +55 61 3340-5483 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: pab@embrapa.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Versão para download de PDF

PDF

Inglês

Versões e tradução automática

Versão original do texto

English

Tradução automática

Google Translator
Microsoft Translator

Como citar

RIS

BIBTEX

Outros formatos de citação e exportação:

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
E-mail: scielo@scielo.org

Leia a Declaração de Acesso Aberto

Métricas

Methods of adaptability and stability applied to eucalyptus breeding

PlumX

Mensagem

[TFN1] ⁽¹⁾The groups were formed according to the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability. ⁽²⁾The order of the genotype in each group is presented according to their decreasing average ranking for each variable.