Vegetative rescue of Camu-Camu from epicormic sprouts of detached branches

Lima, Natália Neves de; Ferreira, Sidney Alberto do Nascimento; Conceição, Jônathan Brito Fontoura

doi:10.1590/0100-29452020020

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Propagation • Rev. Bras. Frutic. 42 (4) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452020020 copy

Vegetative rescue of Camu-Camu from epicormic sprouts of detached branches

Resgate vegetativo do Camu-Camu a partir de brotações epicórmicas de ramos destacados

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The cloning of camu-camu by cuttings has shown distinct and sometimes controversial results. The use of juvenile materials has been indicated for difficult rooting species. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the emission of epicormic sprouts in mega-cuttings and cuttings of detached branches, as well as the cloning of camu-camu from these sprouts. The research was developed by conducting four experiments, the first two being related to the emission of epicormic sprouts, while the others referred to the cloning of camu-camu from these sprouts. In experiments evaluating sprout emission, the following factors were studied: mother plant x branch position; mother plant x substrate. In the other tests, using standard cuttings with two pairs of leaves made from epicormic sprouts, the following factors were evaluated: mother plant x cutting type x indolbutyric acid concentration (IBA); mother plant x hydroretentive polymer x environment. The number and speed of sprouts vary depending on the mother plant. IBA has negative influence on cutting and cuttings from the lower portion of sprouts have greater rooting potential than those from the upper portion. Environment with intermittent mist irrigation is more suitable for the propagation of camu-camu by cuttings. Vegetative rescue by means of epicormic sprouts in mega-cuttings and cuttings of detached branches presents potential application for the clonal propagation of camu-camu, requiring improvement in order to increase efficiency.

Index terms
Myrtaceae; Myrciaria dubia; vegetative propagation; cuttings; rooting

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[TFN0101] ^*
Averages followed by the same letter in column, within each factor, do not differ by the Tukey's test at 5% probability level; ** - significant by F test at 1% probability level; ns - not significant by the F test at 5% probability level.

Factors		NEB	SSI
			(sprout day^-1)
Mother plant (M)
1		0.9 d	0.03 d
2		5.3 bcd	0.18 bcd
3		7.1 bc	0.23 bc
4		3.6 cd	0.10 cd
5		18.6 a	0.52 a
6		12.7 ab	0.38 ab
7		4.2 cd	0.10 cd
8		0.7 d	0.03 cd
9		3.5 cd	0.11 cd
10		9.8 ab	0.31 ab
F Test (M)		14.1 **	12.7 **
Mega-cutting position (cm) (P)
0-40		8.0 a	0.23 a
40-80		6.2 a	0.19 a
80-120		5.7 a	0.17 a
120-160		5.3 a	0.16 a
160-200		7.9 a	0.24 a
F Test (P)		0.9 ^ns	1.2^ns
F Test (MxP)	1.0 ^ns		1.0 ^ns
CV (%)		54.7	13.6

Factors	NEB			MST		SSI
				(days)	(sprout day^-1)
Mother plant (M)
1	1.3 e			35.0 ab		0.04 d
2	3.5 bc			27.2 bc		0.15 ab
3	1.7 de			21.3 c		0.08 bcd
4	2.7 cd			28.6 bc		0.10 bc
5	2.3 cde			40.4 a		0.06 cd
6	7.4 a			32.2 ab		0.25 a
7	5.1 ab			29.3 bc		0.20 a
8	1.7 de			32.1 ab		0.06 cd
F Test (M)	19.3 **			5.6 **		18.0 **
Substrate (S)
Commercial	2.9 a			31.3 a		0.10 b
Non-commercial			3.5 a	30.2 a		0.13 a
F Test (S)	3.6^ns			0.4 ^ns		6.4 *
F Test (MxS)		1.2 ^ns		0.4 ^ns		0.9^ns
CV (%)	22.2			22.1		23.6

Factors	Survival rate		Rooting
	(%)		(%)
Mother plant (M)
1	32.5 a		19.2 a
2	38.3 a		20.0 a
F Test (M)	0.4 ^ns		0.01^ns
Type of cutting (T)
Basal	37.5 a		28.3 a
Superior	33.3 a		10.8 b
Teste F (T)	0.2^ns		9.7 **
IBA concentration (mg kg^-1) (C)
0	-		30.0 a
500	-		13.3 a
1.000	-		18.3 a
2.000	-		16.7 a
F Test (C)	3.0 *		1.6^ns
F Test (MxT)		2.6^ns	1.9^ns
F Test (MxC)		0.3^ns	0.2^ns
F Test (TxC)		0.6^ns	1.2^ns
F Test (MxTxC)		0.4^ns	0.4^ns
CV (%)	50.2		74.9

Factors	Survival rate			Sprouting	Rooting
	(%)			(%)	(%)
Mother plant (M)
1	33.3 a			25.0 a	30.0 a
2	30.0 a			30.0 a	30.0 a
3	16.7 a			11.7 a	15.0 a
F Test (M)	2.1^ns			2.5 ^ns	2.1^ns
Environment (E)
Mini-greenhouse	16.7 b			14.4 b	13.3 b
Mist	36.7 a			30.0 a	36.7 a
F Test (A)	11.0 **			4.7 *	14.9 **
Hydroretentivepolymer(g L^-1) (H)
0	32.2 a			25.6 a	28.9 a
2	21.1 b			18.9 a	21.1 a
F Test (H)	4.9 *			1.5^ns	2.9^ns
F Test (MxE)		1.4^ns		1.3^ns	2.3^ns
F Test (MxH)		0.1^ns		0.2^ns	0.1^ns
F Test (ExH)		2.1^ns		1.6^ns	0.9^ns
F Test (MxExH)			0.9^ns	0.5^ns	0.4^ns
CV (%)	55.7			75.8	58.5