OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of high-resolution ultrasonography in the assessment of intracapsular temporomandibular disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors have studied 38 patients (76 joints) with complaint of temporomandibular disorder. All the patients underwent ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (gold standard for the evaluation) and the results were compared. RESULTS: Among 24 joints demonstrating disc displacement at magnetic resonance imaging of patients at rest, 7 were confirmed at ultrasonography; in 13, the discs could not be visualized; and in 4, no sonographic abnormality was observed. In 48 joints, the articular discs could not be visualized at ultrasonography of patients at rest. Among them, 41 exhibited normal positioning at magnetic resonance imaging, and 7 exhibited anterior disc displacement. Morphological changes of the mandibular condyle were visualized in 13 joints at magnetic resonance imaging, and in 2 at ultrasonography. CONCLUSION: With the present study, the authors can conclude that ultrasonography offers high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of the articular disc location with the patient at rest, either to analyze anatomical position or to analyze disc displacement. On the other hand, it does not offer significant results to analyze articular discs in patients with open mouth as well as to analyze disc/condyle morphological changes.
Ultrasonography; Temporomandibular joint; Magnetic resonance imaging
