Sugarcane Seedlings Influenced by the Management with Herbicides

SILVA, T.P.; AZANIA, C.A.M.; XAVIER, M.A.; PERECIN, D.; VITORINO, R.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83582018360100019

ABSTRACT:

This research aimed at studying herbicides selectivity on individuals from three sugarcane families after different chemical managements in primary selection fields (F1). On the field, a randomized block design with five replications in a split plot scheme was used. Twelve herbicide treatments were allocated in the plots and the three seedlings families were allocated in the sub-plots. The herbicides treatments were T1- tebuthiuron POST-i + ametryn POST-t; T2- (diuron + hexazinone) POST-i + ametryn POST-t; T3- sulfentrazone POST-i + ametryn POST-t; T4- (diuron + hexazinone) POST-i + metribuzin POST-t; T5- sulfentrazone POST-i + metribuzin POST-t; T6- imazapyr IPP; T7- imazapyr IPP + ametryn POST-t; T8- imazapyr IPP + metribuzin POST-t; T9- imazapyr IPP + tebuthiuron POST-i; T10- imazapyr PPI + (diuron + hexazinone) POST-i; T11- imazapyr IPP + sulfentrazone POST-i and T12- weeded control. Families were F400 (IAC086155 x ?), F43 (IACBIO264 x IAC911099) and F14 (IACSP991305 x GlagaH). For each individual, the intoxication symptoms and the chlorophyll content on the leaves (40 and 120 DAApós-i), the percentage of live seedlings and selected seedlings (240 DAApós-i) were evauated. The chemical management with alternative treatments (T2 to T11) was selective to the three seedlings families because it caused slight intoxication symptoms and interference in the chlorophyll content, in addition to the high percentage of survival that allowed the plants selection for the later stage (F2). The management with herbicide applied in incorporated pre-planting (IPP) was highlighted as selective even when supplemented after the establishment phase of seedlings (POST-t).

Keyword:
Saccharum spp.; breeding; phytotoxicity; selectivity

[1] * Corresponding author: <tacioagro@gmail.com>

Treatment	IPP	POST_-i	POST_-t *
T1	--	tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha^-1)	ametryn (3,000 g ha^-1)
T2	--	ametryn (1,404 g ha^-1) hexazinone (396 g ha^-1)	ametryn (3,000 g ha^-1)
T3	--	sulfentrazone (800 g ha^-1)	ametryn (3,000 g ha^-1)
T4	--	diuron (1,404 g ha^-1) hexazinone (396 g ha^-1)	metribuzin (1,920 g ha^-1)
T5	--	sulfentrazone (800 g ha^-1)	metribuzin (1,920 g ha^-1)
T6	imazapyr (1,000 g ha^-1)	--	--
T7	imazapyr (1,000 g ha^-1)	--	ametryn (3,000 g ha^-1)
T8	imazapyr (1,000 g ha^-1)	--	metribuzin (1,920 g ha^-1)
T9	imazapyr (1,000 g ha^-1)	tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha^-1)	--
T10	imazapyr (1,000 g ha^-1)	diuron (1,404 g ha^-1) hexazinone (396 g ha^-1)	--
T11	imazapyr (1,000 g ha^-1)	sulfentrazone (800 g ha^-1)	--
T12	--	weeding	weeding

Treatment	Intoxication (%)
	40 DAA			120 DAA
	F400	F14	F43	F400	F14	F43
T1 - tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha)⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	6.51 a	7.33 b	11.66 b	11.66 ab	15.33 bc	17.16 bc
T2 - diuron (104 g ha)⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha)⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	9.49 a	15.16 ab	14.66 ab	12.00 ab	19.00	21.16
T3 - sulfentrazone (800 g ha)⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	4.58 a	11.50 ab	14.58 ab	11.00 ab	15.83 bc	21.66
T4 - diuron (104 g ha)⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha)⁽²⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	6.33 a	8.85 ab	13.76 ab	7.50 b	10.49 c	24.68 abc
T5 - sulfentrazone (800 g ha)⁽²⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	5.50 a	15.66 a	21.83 a	10.83 ab	19.50 ab	30.83 ab
T6 - imazapyr (500g ha)⁽¹⁾	9.50 a	13.50 aB	16.16 aB	14.01 a	24.33 aB	23.66 abc
T7 - imazapyr (500g ha)⁽¹⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	10.11a	12.00 ab	14.16 ab	13.79 a	28.16 a	30.49 a
T8 - imazapyr (500 g ha)⁽¹⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	5.03 a	10.16 ab	12.83 b	10.54 ab	17.66 bc	23.37 abc
T9 - imazapyr (500 g ha)⁽¹⁾ tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha)⁽²⁾	6.50 a	9.00 ab	10.99 b	12.33 ab	16.66 bc	16.58 c
T10 - imazapyr (500 g ha)⁽¹⁾ diuron (1,404 g ha)⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha)⁽²⁾	6.83 a	11.83 ab	17.33 ab	10.16 ab	18.83 abc	27.33 ab
T11 - imazapyr (500 g ha)⁽¹⁾ sulfentrazone (800 g ha)⁽²⁾	7.66 a	14.41 a	16.66 ab	10.99 ab	25.33 ab	26.16 abc
T12 - weeded control sample	0.00 b	0.00 c	0.00 c	0.00 c	0.00 d	0.00 d
MSD	5.19	7.39	8.16	6.55	9.88	11.46
VC (%)	12.92	11.31	10.93	11.88	10.79	9.56
p>F	0.0007 *	0.0001**	0.0001**	0.0001**	0.0001**	0.0001**

Treatment	Chlorophyll content (spad)
	40 DAA			120 DAA
	F400	F14	F43	F400	F14	F43
T1 - tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha) ⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha) ⁽³⁾	45.98 a	45.70 a	45.35 ab	40.81 b	42.75 abc	40.75 a
T2 - diuron (104 g ha) ⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha) ⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha) ⁽³⁾	45.20 a	42.73 a	41.17 b	40.91 b	39.64 bcd	38.74 a
T3 - sulfentrazone (800 g ha) ⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	48.46 a	47.04 a	45.07 ab	41.94 ab	40.97 abcd	39.00 a
T4 - diuron (104 g ha) ⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha) ⁽²⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	46.33 a	48.01 a	45.90 ab	46.00 a	44.93 a	36.49 a
T5 - sulfentrazone (800 g ha) ⁽²⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	46.71 a	43.88 a	42.52 b	41.81 b	37.36 cd	34.04 a
T6 - imazapyr (500g ha) ⁽¹⁾	45.24 a	42.83 a	44.16 ab	40.86 b	38.91 bcd	38.67 a
T7 - imazapyr (500g ha) ⁽¹⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	44.02 a	45.24 a	43.64 ab	42.36 ab	37.15 d	37.56 a
T8 - imazapyr (500 g ha) ⁽¹⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	44.94 a	45.25 a	46.70 ab	42.59 ab	42.27 abcd	40.27 a
T9 - imazapyr (500 g ha) ⁽¹⁾ tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha) ⁽²⁾	45.13 a	46.28 a	49.48 a	44.00 ab	43.28 ab	40.92 a
T10 - imazapyr (500 g ha) ⁽¹⁾ diuron (1,404 g ha) ⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha) ⁽²⁾	46.11 a	46.67 a	44.65 ab	42.32 ab	42.60 ab	36.25 a
T11 - imazapyr (500g ha) ⁽¹⁾ sulfentrazone (800 g ha) ⁽²⁾	44.31 a	42.61 a	42.56 b	43.79 ab	40.32 abcd	39.88 a
T12 - weeded control sample	44.65 a	47.82 a	42.72 b	40.27 b	42.62 ab	38.31 a
DMS	5.32	6.32	5.75	3.99	5.13	7.63
VC (%)	2.03	2.71	2.57	1.70	2.37	3.92
p>F	0.9527^ns	0.6454^ns	0.3712*	0.2743*	0.0896*	0.8160^ns

Treatment	living plants (%)			selected plants (%)
	240 DAA			240 DAA
	F400	F14	F43	F400	F14	F43
T1 - tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha) ⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha) ⁽³⁾	100.00 a	100.00 a	95.00 a	0.00 b	1.60 a	0.00 a
T2 - diuron (104 g ha) ⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha) ⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	96.60 a	90.20 c	96.80 a	5.00 ab	0.00 a	1.60 a
T3 - sulfentrazone (800 g ha) ⁽²⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	98.40 a	98.40 ab	93.40 a	1.60 ab	1.60 a	0.00 a
T4 - diuron (104 g ha) ⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha) ⁽²⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	100.00 a	100.00 a	93.40 a	3.40 ab	1.60 a	0.00 a
T5 - sulfentrazone (800 g ha) ⁽²⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	100.00 a	91.60 bc	88.20 a	1.60 ab	0.00 a	0.00 a
T6 - imazapyr (500g ha) ⁽¹⁾	98.40 a	95.00 abc	95.00 a	1.60 ab	0.00 a	1.60 a
T7 - imazapyr (500g ha) ⁽¹⁾ ametryn (3,000 g ha)⁽³⁾	96.80 a	93.60 abc	95.00 a	1.60 ab	0.00 a	0.00 a
T8 - imazapyr (500 g ha) ⁽¹⁾ metribuzin (1,920 g ha)⁽³⁾	98.40 a	98.40 ab	95.00 a	0.00 b	3.20 a	0.00 a
T9 - imazapyr (500 g ha) ⁽¹⁾ tebuthiuron (1,200 g ha) ⁽²⁾	100.00 a	98.40 ab	98.40 a	1.60 ab	0.00 a	1.60 a
T10 - imazapyr (500 g ha) ⁽¹⁾ diuron (1,404 g ha) ⁽²⁾ hexazinone (396 g ha) ⁽²⁾	100.00 a	100.00 a	98.40 a	0.00 b	1.60 a	0.00 a
T11 - imazapyr (500g ha) ⁽¹⁾ sulfentrazone (800 g ha) ⁽²⁾	100.00 a	91.80 bc	93.40 a	3.40 ab	1.60 a	0.00 a
T12 - weeded control sample	98.40 a	95.20 abc	90.00 a	0.00 b	1.60 a	0.00 a
DMS	3.97	7.11	12.73	5.04	3.34	2.24
VC (%)	0.67	1.31	2.55	21.44	18.04	12.69
p>F	0.6021^ns	0.0571*	0.9091^ns	0.6556^ns	0.6497^ns	0.5989^ns

Brasil

Brasil

Sugarcane Seedlings Influenced by the Management with Herbicides

Mudas de Cana-de-Açúcar Influenciadas pelo Manejo com Herbicidas

ABSTRACT: