Atrazine and Mesotrione-Induced Oxidative Stress and Impact on Antioxidant Enzymes and Chlorophyll Contents in Bermudagrass

WANG, Y.; YU, J.; ZHOU, B.; SAPKOTA, S.; WEI, F.; WANG, Z.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83582018360100146

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Article • Planta daninha 36 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582018360100146 copy

Atrazine and Mesotrione-Induced Oxidative Stress and Impact on Antioxidant Enzymes and Chlorophyll Contents in Bermudagrass

Estresse Oxidativo Induzido por Atrazina e Mesotrione e Impacto em Enzimas Antioxidantes e Teores de Clorofila em Grama-Seda

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

The effect of atrazine, mesotrione, and joint activity of atrazine plus mesotrione on pigment, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activity was studied. Atrazine and mesotrione treatments significantly reduced chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), carotenoid concentrations, and protein content in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) plants, whereas they significantly enhanced lipid peroxidation. The treatment of atrazine plus mesotrione caused greater phototoxic effect on bermudagrass than either herbicide alone, which was evident from the significantly decreased membrane stability noted as a function of the enhanced singlet oxygen and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, as well as from the greater reduction in Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoid contents. Although bermudagrass activated the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), it was significantly injured after the herbicide treatments. Thus, results suggested that the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of bermudagrass was overloaded after the treatment of atrazine plus mesotrione, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) subsequently caused lipid peroxidation, pigment and protein degradation, as well as other cellular constituent damage.

Keywords:
antioxidant; carotenoids; herbicide; reactive oxygen species

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[1] * Corresponding author: <jialinyu@ufl.edu>

Specie	Herbicide		Injury (DAT)				Shoot mass reduction
	Atrazine	Mesotrione	4	8	12	16	20
	(g ai ha^-1)		(%)				(% of non-treated)
Bermudagrass	0.28	0	0 f	3 f	10 f	30 c	40 d	46 a
	0.56	0	0 f	5 e	30 e	98 a	99 ab	45 a
	0	0.14	3 c	10 d	40 d	90 b	98 b	31 b
	0	0.28	5 a	15 c	40 d	88 b	95 c	30 b
	0.28	0.14	1 e	20 b	80 c	100 a	100 a	30 b
	0.28	0.28	2 d	30 a	85 b	100 a	100 a	29 bc
	0.56	0.14	2 d	30 a	85 b	100 a	100 a	28 bc
	0.56	0.28	4 b	30 a	88 a	100 a	100 a	25 c
LSD_0.05			1	2	2	3	2	4

Specie	Herbicide		Chl a			Chl b			Carotenoids
	Atrazine	Mesotrione	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT
	(g a.i. ha^-1)		(mg g^-1 FW)
Bermudagrass	0	0	0.909 a	0.726 a	0.788 a	0.199 a	0.194 a	0.194 a	0.214 a	0.166 a	0.186 a
	0.28	0	0.733 c	0.718 b	0.726 b	0.162 b	0.182 ab	0.184 ab	0.169 b	0.159 b	0.175 b
	0	0.14	0.743 b	0.685 c	0.724 b	0.167 b	0.185 b	0.187 ab	0.169 b	0.148 c	0.171 c
	0.28	0.14	0.733 c	0.675 d	0.712 c	0.163 b	0.179 b	0.181 b	0.169 b	0.146 c	0.163 d
LSD_0.05			0.0085	0.0077	0.0064	0.0098	0.0091	0.0111	0.0046	0.0055	0.0033

Specie	Herbicide		O^2- content
	Atrazine	Mesotrione	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT
	(g ai ha^-1)		(nmol s^-1 µg^-1 protein)
Bermudagrass	0	0	1.783 d	2.206 d	2.979 d
	0.28	0	1.909 c	2.502 c	3.620 c
	0	0.14	2.080 b	2.619 b	4.571 b
	0.28	0.14	2.199 a	2.771 a	5.206 a
LSD_0.05			0.1013	0.1128	0.1166

Specie	Herbicide		MDA
	Atrazine	Mesotrione	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT
	(g ai ha^-1)		(µmol g^-1 FW)
Bermudagrass	0	0	0.033 c	0.024 c	0.018 c
	0.28	0	0.034 c	0.025 bc	0.019 c
	0	0.14	0.035 b	0.026 b	0.023 b
	0.28	0.14	0.036 a	0.030 a	0.027 a
LSD_0.05			0.0005	0.0021	0.0017

Specie	Herbicide		Protein content
	Atrazine	Mesotrione	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT
	(g ai ha^-1)		(µg g^-1 FW)
Bermudagrass	0	0	5.542 a	5.188 a	4.364 a
	0.28	0	5.242 ab	4.853 b	3.592 c
	0	0.14	5.364 a	4.791 b	3.724 b
	0.28	0.14	4.942 b	4.736 b	3.506 d
LSD_0.05			0.3217	0.1549	0.0721

Specie	Herbicide		CAT			POD			GST
	Atrazine	Mesotrione	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT	1 DAT	5 DAT	8 DAT
	(g ai ha^-1)		(Unit µg^-1 protein)			(Unit µg^-1 protein)			(µmol s^-1 µg^-1 protein)
Bermudagrass	0	0	7.88 b	7.29 d	5.26 c	7.88 c	5.98 d	4.81 d	2.68 c	2.89 b	2.15 d
	0.28	0	8.04 b	7.67 c	7.43 a	8.50 b	6.93 c	7.52 c	2.59 c	3.03 b	2.70 c
	0	0.14	8.75 a	8.17 b	7.01 b	8.87 a	7.71 b	7.94 b	3.79 a	3.95 a	3.65 a
	0.28	0.14	8.86 a	9.47 a	7.49 a	8.96 a	8.93 a	9.14 a	3.48 b	3.79 a	3.21 b
LSD_0.05			0.2055	0.3720	0.2043	0.1351	0.1738	0.1167	0.2418	0.2944	0.3660