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A review on defense innovation: from spin-off to 1 1 The economic studies about defense normally used the term Spin-off to characterize the occurrence of situations in which the product or a civil technology were originated on products or technologies developed initially to military purposes. spin-in 2 2 Similarly, the term Spin-in is normally used when products or civil technologies make feasible new products or military technologies. Throughout the text, the term “overflow” is used in the same context to remit to these expressions. , 3 3 This research was supported by CNPq.

Uma revisão sobre a inovação em defesa: do spin-off ao spin-in

ABSTRACT

Historically, investments in innovation for military purposes have been presented as having a positive impact on economy development as whole. In this vein, the end of the Cold War is presented as an inflection point. The reduction in the number of international conflicts would have negatively affected investments in defense-related products, as the former was considered the driver of the latter. It argues that the decision of whether investing in the military or the civil sectors as the driver of economic development depends first and foremost on historic and socio-economic contexts in which decisions are taken.

KEYWORDS:
Innovation; defense; spin-off; spin-in

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