|
|
|
Bowen27
(1) (Domestic Violence Perpetrator Program – DVPP) |
Quasi-experimental |
Group cohesion (+); Leaders support (+) |
|
(pre-test, post-test and 5 months follow-up) |
Expressiveness: G1** (+) |
|
G1 = 2 hours |
Anger and aggression: G1** (+) |
|
G2 = 2.5 hours |
Order and organization: G2* (+) |
|
|
Leader control: G2*** (+); Innovation: G1** (+) |
|
Bowen et al.20 (1) (Domestic Violence Perpetrator Program – DVPP) |
Quasi-experimental |
Dropout = 33% |
|
(pre-test, post-test and 11 months follow-up) |
Re-offending = 21% |
|
G1 = completers |
Demographic characteristics: G1 x G2: ns |
|
G2 = dropout |
Psychological characteristics: G1 x G2: ns
|
|
|
Criminal history characteristics: G1 x G2** (+) |
|
Bowen et al.28 (1) (Domestic Violence Perpetrator Program – DVPP) |
Quasi-experimental |
Re-offending = 10.8% |
|
(pre-test, post-test and 5 month follow-up) |
Cognitive domain, arousal domain, behavioural domain, sympathy for the battered women, chance locus of control: GN x GO: ns
|
|
GN = non-offenders |
|
|
GO = offenders |
|
|
Buttell29
|
Quasi-experimental |
Moral reasoning: ns
|
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
|
|
Buttell and Carney30 (2)
|
Quasi-experimental |
Spouse-specific behaviour, controlling behaviour and propensity for abuse: ns
|
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
|
|
Buttell and Carney31 (3)
|
Quasi-experimental |
Passive-aggressive responses*** (-) |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Assertiveness, controlling behaviour, propensity for abuse: ns
|
|
G1 = African American |
G1 x G2: ns
|
|
G2 = Caucasian |
|
|
Buttell and Carney32 (2)
|
Quasi-experimental |
G1 = Self-deception*** (+) |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
G2 = Propensity for abusiveness*** (+) |
|
G1 = African American |
Total sample |
|
G2 = Caucasian |
Passive-aggressive responses*** (-); controlling behaviour*** (-); propensity for abusiveness** (-) |
|
Buttell and Pike33
|
Quasi-experimental |
Success = 72.5% |
|
(pre-test, post-test and 12 months follow-up) |
Alcohol** (-); Drug** (-); Violence*** (-) |
|
|
Control** (-); Stress-coping** (-) |
|
Carney and Buttell34 (3)
|
Quasi-experimental |
Dropout = 58 |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Interpersonal dependency: ns
|
|
Chan35
|
Quasi-experimental |
Physical assault* (-) |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Psychological aggression* (-) |
|
Cissner and Puffett36
|
1 year follow-up |
Success = 68% |
(The Domestic Violence Accountability Program) |
|
Recidivism: in-program arrest = 27%; 1 year post sentence arrest = 27%; 1 year post-program arrest = 18% |
|
|
Criminal contempt arrest = 7% |
|
|
Violent arrest = 12% |
|
Cissner and Puffett36 |
1 year follow-up |
Success = 77% |
(Interborough Developmental Consultation Centre – IDCC) |
|
Recidivism: in program arrest = 29%; 1 year post sentence arrest = 36%; |
|
|
1 year post program arrest = 14% |
|
|
Criminal contempt arrest = 14% |
|
|
Violent arrest = 16% |
|
Connors et al.37 (The Moderate Intensity Family Violence Prevention Program) |
Quasi-experimental |
Interpersonal relationship (jealousy)*** (+); Aggression*** (+) |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Violence*** (-); Empathy for the victims*** (+) |
|
G1 = Ready to change |
Acceptance of responsibility*** (+) |
|
G2 = Not ready |
Acknowledges the use of power and control*** (+) |
|
|
Recognizes cognitive distortions*** (+) |
|
|
Understands the abusive patterns***(+) |
|
|
Motivation to change*** (+); Participation in program and performance*** (+); |
|
|
Responses to potential risk situations*** (+); Readiness to change*** (+) |
|
|
G1*** x G2 |
|
Connors et al.38 (The High Intensity Family Violence Prevention Program) |
Quasi-experimental (pre-test and post-test) |
Interpersonal relationship (jealousy)*** (-); Aggression*** (-); Violence*** (-) |
|
|
Acceptance of responsibility*** (+) |
|
|
Acknowledges the use of power and control*** (+) |
|
|
Empathy to the victims*** (+); Recognizes cognitive distortions*** (+); Understands the abusive patterns*** (+); Motivation to change*** (+); Responses to potential risk situations (interpretation**) (+); Readiness to change*** (+) |
|
Echeburúa and Fernández-Montalvo39 (4)
|
Quasi-experimental |
Success: 68.2% |
|
Pre-test |
Cognitive bias about women** (-); Cognitive bias about use of violence** (-); |
|
Post-test |
Empathy: ns; Trait-anger: ns; Anger expression** (-); Impulsivity** (-); Self-esteem** (+); Symptomatology*** (-) |
|
Echeburúa et al.40 (4)
|
Quasi-experimental |
Success = 92% |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Cognitive bias about women** (-); Cognitive bias about use of violence** (-); |
|
G1 = Completers |
Empathy: ns; Symptomatology* (-); Hostility* (-); State-anger* (-); Impulsivity: ns; |
|
G2 = Dropout |
Self-esteem: ns; Inadaptation: ns; Motivation to change (G1* (+) x G2) |
|
Echeburúa et al.41
|
Experimental (pre-test, post-test and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months follow-up) |
Success: 87.96% Cognitive bias about women*** (-); Cognitive bias about the use of violence*** (-); Empathy*** (+); Trait-anxiety*** (-); Trait-anger*** (-); Depression*** (-); Self-esteem*** (+); Inadaptation*** (-) |
|
Authors |
Research design |
Results |
|
Feder and Dugan42 (The Broward experiment) |
Experimental |
Success = 97% |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Self-reports of abuse: ns; Victim reports of abuse: ns
|
|
G1 = Experimental group |
Recidivism (official reports): ns
|
|
G2 = Control |
Beliefs about wife beating, attitudes toward women, treats domestic violence as a crime, responsibility, likelihood for repeated abuse: ns
|
|
Lawson et al.43
|
Quasi-experimental |
Secure attachment* (+); Anxiety and avoidance attachment: ns; |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Comfort with closeness and depending of others = G1** (+) x G2 x G3 |
|
G1 = Secure-changed |
Avoidance and closeness with others = G1 x G2* (+) x G3* (+); Depression and anxiety* (-) G1* (-) x G2 x G3 |
|
G2 = Secure-unchanged |
Functioning*** (+) G1 x G2 x G3: ns
|
|
G3 = Insecure |
Partner violence* (-) G1 x G2 x G3: ns
|
|
Lila et al.44
|
Pre-test and post-test |
Perceived severity* (+) |
|
|
Responsibility assumption* (+) |
|
|
Risk of recidivism* (-) |
|
Lin et al.45
|
Quasi-experimental |
Overall violence: GE* (58.6%) x GC (41.4%) (3 months follow-up) |
|
(3, 6 and 9 months follow-up) |
Physical violence: GE (20%) x GC (13.4%): ns
|
|
GC = Control |
Verbal violence: GE* (58.6%) x GC (43.7%) (3 months follow-up) |
|
Novo et al.26 (Galicia Reeducation Program for Gender Violence Offenders) |
Quasi-experimental |
Psychological symptoms*** (-) |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Obsessive-compulsion** (-) |
|
|
Interpersonal sensitivity*** (-) |
|
|
Depression*** (-); Anxiety** (-) |
|
|
Hostility*** (-) |
|
|
Phobic anxiety** (-) |
|
|
Paranoid ideation*** (-); Psychoticism*** (-) |
|
|
|
|
Pascual-Leone et al.25 (Relating Without Violence) |
Quasi-experimental |
Dropout = 10% |
|
(7, 8 and 9 month, 1, 2 and 3 years follow-up) |
Recidivism (3 years follow-up) = 15.6% |
|
GE = Intervention |
GE* (-) x GC (7 and 8 months follow-up) |
|
GC = Control |
GE x GC: ns (9 months, 1, 2 and 3 years follow-up) |
|
Ramírez et al.46
|
Quasi-experimental |
Aggression: ns (hostility** (-) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Benevolent sexism*** (-) (GE* x GC); Hostile sexism*** (-) (GE** x GC) |
|
GE = Treatment |
Jealousy*** (-) (GE x GC: ns); Marital satisfaction*** (+) (GE* x GC) |
|
GC = Control |
Conflict tactics** (-) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
|
Responsibility*** (+) (GE*** x GC); Responsibility minimization*** (-) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
|
Emotional abuse** (-) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
|
Personality (NEO-PI): ns (openness to experience** (+); kindness**(+) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
|
Personality (I-7):Impulsiveness***(-) (GE* x GC); empathy*(+) (GE x GC: ns); venturesomeness*(-) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
|
Anger (anger trait* (-); external anger expression*** (-); internal anger expression* (-); internal anger control*** (+); anger expression and control*** (-) (GE x GC: ns) |
|
Rosenbaum et al.47 (Mens’ Educational Workshop – MEW) |
Quasi-experimental |
Success |
|
(post-test and 20 months follow-up) |
G1 (56.5%) x G2*** (79.5%) |
|
G1 = Self-referred |
G1 (39.4%) x G2* (75.2%) (20 sessions) |
|
G2 = Court-referred |
Recidivism |
|
G3 = Completers |
G1 (13.4%) x G2** (4.9%) |
|
G4 = Non-completers |
G3* (-) x G4 |
|
7, 10 e 20 sessions |
10 and 20 sessions = > recidivism |
|
Sarto and Esteban48
|
Post-facto |
Dropout = 55.1% |
|
(3, 6 and 12 months follow-up) |
|
|
Schmidt et al.49
|
Quasi-experimental |
Success = 52% |
|
(pre-test and post-test) |
Statements that support abusive behaviour** (-); Statements that support a nonviolent relationship** (+); Motivating factors for behaviour change** (+) |
|
Stith et al.50 (Domestic Violence Focused Couples Treatment) |
Quasi-experimental |
Success |
|
(pre-test and 6 month and 2 years follow-up) |
T1 (70%) x T2 (73%): ns |
|
T1 = Multi-couple group |
Beliefs about wife beating: T1**(-) x T2 x T3 (M**(-) x W) |
|
T2 = Individual couple |
Marital satisfaction: T1** (+) x T2 x T3 |
|
T3 = Comparison |
Acceptance of marital aggression: T1*** (-) x T2 x T3 |
|
|
Recidivism |
|
|
6 months: T1(25%)* x T2(45%) x T3(67%) |
|
|
2 years: T2*(0%) x T3 (50%); T1+(13%) x T3; T1 x T2+
|
|
Taylor et al.51 (Victim Services’ Alternatives to Violence) (The Brooklyn Experiment) |
Experimental |
Recidivism |
|
(6 and 12 months follow-up) |
Officially recorded incidents: GE** (-) x GC |
|
GE = Intervention |
Victim-reported incidents: GE (-) x GC: ns
|
|
GC = Control |
Treatment = < recidivism |
Taylor and Maxwell52 (Sacramento Jail Batterer Intervention Program) |
Randomized experimental |
Batterers
|
|
(6 and 12 months follow-up) |
Psychological abuse: GE x GC: ns; |
|
GE = Treatment |
Threats of physical abuse: GE x GC: ns; |
|
GC = Control |
Physical abuse: GE x GC: ns; |
|
|
Controlling behaviours: GE** (-) x GC |
|
|
Victims: GE x GC: ns |
|
|
Oficial data: GE (65.9%) x GC (65.7%): ns
|