An empirical evaluation of the translation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Loss of Control over Eating Scale (LOCES)

Luz, Felipe Q. da; Sainsbury, Amanda; Estella, Nara M.; Cogo, Hugo; Touyz, Stephen W.; Palavras, Marly A.; Latner, Janet D.; Claudino, Angelica; Hay, Phillipa

doi:10.1590/0101-60830000000071

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Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo)

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Original articles • Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (São Paulo) 43 (1) • Jan-Feb 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000071 copy

An empirical evaluation of the translation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Loss of Control over Eating Scale (LOCES)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Background

Loss of control over eating is a key feature of the most prevalent eating disorders. The Loss of Control over Eating Scale (LOCES) enables a thorough assessment of loss of control over eating.

Objective

This study empirically evaluated the translation of the LOCES from English to Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods

The scale was translated to Brazilian Portuguese and back translated to English in order to check accuracy of the translation. Two hundred and ninety-three medicine and nursing students, 60 males and 233 females, 18-55 years old, with mean body mass index (BMI) 23.2 kg/m² (SD 4.1), recruited between August and December 2014, answered the Brazilian Portuguese LOCES. An exploratory factor analysis was performed.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis of the Brazilian Portuguese LOCES showed three distinct factors of the loss of control over eating (disgust/negative sensations, cognitive experiences/dissociation, and “positive” effects) as well as moderate consistency with previous reports of exploratory factor analysis of the English version.

Discussion

This study showed satisfactory translation of the LOCES from English to Brazilian Portuguese, which is now ready for further validation.

Eating disorders; symptom assessment; bulimia; binge eating

LOCES items		Factor

		1	2	3
1	I felt I had lost control over eating	0.62*	0.15	0
2	I continued to eat past the point when I wanted to stop	0.58*	-0.01	0.47*
3	I ate until I was uncomfortably full	0.40*	0.01	0.61*
4	I kept eating even though I was no longer hungry	0.46*	0.01	0.53*
5	I felt like I had “blown it” and might as well keep eating	0.80*	-0.02	0.07
6	I found myself eating despite negative consequences	0.80*	-0.02	0.18*
7	I felt helpless about controlling my eating	0.61*	0.25*	0.12
8	While eating, I had feelings of shame	0.62*	0.33*	-0.17*
9	While eating, I felt I was stuffing myself	0.37*	0.10	0.37*
10	While eating, I felt disgusted	0.48*	0.35*	-0.19*
11	While eating, I felt a sense of relief or release	-0.02	0.31*	0.57*
12	While eating, I felt a physical rush or high	0.11	0.31*	0.52*
13	While eating, I felt like I was watching or looking at myself from “outside”	0.26*	0.61*	-0.04
14	I felt like the craving to eat overpowered me	0.23*	0.49*	0.20*
15	My eating felt like a ball rolling down a hill that just kept going and going	0.51 *	0.51*	0.01
16	I lost track of what and how much I was eating	0.39*	0.53*	0.02
17	While eating, I felt like I was not paying attention to what I was eating	0.22*	0.54*	-0.05
18	While eating, I felt like I was in my own little world	-0.01	0.77*	0.10
19	I could not concentrate on anything other than eating	-0.09	0.88*	0.09
20	I felt like I could not do anything other than eat	-0.19*	0.95*	0.02
21	I finished eating only to discover I had eaten more than I thought	0.19*	0.64*	-0.12
22	I felt I was eating faster than normal	0.00	0.45*	0.06
23	Eating as quickly as possible seemed to be the only thing that mattered	0	0.73*	-0.23*
24	While eating, it did not seem real	0.01	0.85*	-0.14

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[1] Address for correspondence: Felipe Quinto da Luz. The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, John Hopkins Drive, The University of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2006, Australia. Phone: (+61 02) 8627-1961. E-mail:felipe.quintodaluz@sydney.edu.au