Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

From foundling homes to day care: a historical review of childcare in Chile

Desde la casa de expósitos a las salas cuna: revisión histórica del cuidado infantil en Chile

Desde a casa de crianças expostas para a creche: revisão histórica da puericultura no Chile

This article discusses significant changes in childcare policy and practice in Chile. We distinguish four specific periods of childcare history: child abandonment and the creation of foundling homes in the 19th century; efforts to reduce infant mortality and the creation of the health care system in the first half of the 20th century; an increasing focus on inequality and poverty and the consequences for child development in the second half of the 20th century; and, finally, the current focus on children’s social and emotional development. It is concluded that, although Chile has achieved infant mortality and malnutrition rates comparable to those of developed countries, the country bears the mark of a history of inequality and is still unable to fully guarantee the health of children from the poorest sectors of society. Recent initiatives seek to improve this situation and put a strong emphasis on the psychosocial condition of children and their families.

Child Care; Child Welfare; Child Health Services


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