1811 - Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (1778-1852), the Turnvater (father of gymnastics), establishes the „Hasenheide“, the first gymnastic ground, in Berlin. |
1818 - Start of German immigration (RJ) |
1816-1820 - Founding of the first Gymnastics grounds and Clubs throughout Germany |
1822 - Carl Freiherr von Dreis, originally travelling to Brazil as a land surveyor in behalf of Baron von Langsdorff, presents his “Laufmaschine” (dandy horse) to the emperor in Rio de Janeiro |
1820 - “Turnsperre” (prohibition of gymnastic clubs in Prussia) |
1824 - Foundation of São Leopoldo, RS |
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1829 - Foundation of São Pedro de Alcantara (SC) and Rio Negro (PR) |
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1830er - Julius (Júlio) Frank initiates a student’s corporation in São Paulo, inspired by the German idol |
1842 - Lifting of prohibition, founding of gymnastic clubs continues |
1830 - End of the first period of German immigration |
1840-1846 - Adolf Spieß develops a complex gymnastics system in the tradition of Jahn |
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1846 - (German) Turnfest in Heilbronn. Foundation of numerous Turner Clubs (Turnvereine), mainly in the South of Germany |
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1847 - In the “Turnbuch für Schulen” (School exercise book for the direction of exercise instruction by teachers) Spieß introduces methods for teaching physical education in schools |
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1848 - Foundation of the German and the Democratic Gymnastics Federation (Turnerbund) |
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1848/49 - The German revolutions of 1848-49 |
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1849-1860 - Oppression of the civilian German opposition including the gymnasts (Turners) |
1851 - Sebastião do Rego Barros recruits soldiers for Brazil - numerous of them remain in Brazil |
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1858 - Foundation of the first German Turner Club (Deutscher Turnverein) in Brazil in Joinville |
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1859 - Foundation of German Turner Clubs in Rio de Janeiro |
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1862 - Seven Turners climb on the sugarloaf in Rio hoisting a German flag in black-red-gold. A stone of the sugarloaf is sent to Berlin and was fixed in the Jahn monument in Berlin |
1859 - Franco-Austrian War (Second Italian War of Independence) In the aftermath of the war, the German nationalist movement is steadily growing. After a decennial period of restauration, ceremonies in honor of Friedrich Schiller, the so called “poet of liberty”, remind of the revolutionary aspirations in the years 1848/49. In the ensuing months numerous Turner Clubs are revived. |
1864 - Gymnastics and sport shooting: Karl von Koseritz reports to the newspaper “Allgemeine Auswanderungs-Zeitung“ (specialized on emigration) of Gotha the existence of gymnastics clubs and shooting/rifle clubs in Rio Grande do Sul |
1860 - June 17/18 German Turnfest in Coburg |
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1861 - August 10/12 German Turnfest in Berlin |
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1863 - August 2/5 German Turnfest in Leipzig |
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1866 - Austro-Prussian War (German War) was fought between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia |
1866 - Skittles: - First skittle club in Santa Cruz do Sul, RS |
1868 - Juli 21 German Turnfest in Weimar Foundation of the German Gymnastics Federation (Deutsche Turnerschaft) |
1869 - Sport shooting Porto Alegre, 9th Januar 1869: renaming of the German Turners Club (Deutscher Turnverein) in German Turners and Shooting Club (Deutscher Turner- und Schützenverein). Secretary: Karl von Koseritz Blumenau, SC, Schützenverein, founded 2 December, birthday of the emperor Dom Pedro II Foundation of Shooting Clubs in the valley of Itajaí. Foundation of numerous Shooting Clubs in and around Santa Cruz, RS |
1871 - Franco-Prussian War Proclamation of the German Empire |
1871 - Establishment of Physical Education (Schulturnen) in Joinville initiated by the local Turners Club |
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1876 - Foundation of the German Turnverein Colonia Santa Leopoldina (ES) by Albert Richard Dietze. |
1876 - Introduction of Lawn Tennis in Germany |
1876 - Foundation of German Turner Clubs in São Paulo |
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1880 - German Turner Clubs in São Leopoldo, officially founded in 1885 |
1881 - Programmatic paper of E. Hartwich „Woran wir leiden“ (What we suffer from) on the needs for a healthy lifestyle and movement |
1881 - Long distance swimming: The German immigrant and clockmaker Theodor John swims through the bay of Guanabara in Rio de Janeiro |
1882 - Introduction of play and games at schools (Spielerlass by the Prussian secretary von Goßler) |
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1882 - First German race course for cycling in Munich |
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1883 - Foundation of the German Rowing Association |
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1884 - The Craftmen Support Association (Handwerker-Unterstützungsverein) was founded in Curitiba, including a gymnastics section |
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1885 - Swimming: German Turners Club Porto Alegre. First swimming bath of Brazil established in Rio Guaíba. swimming festivals (Schwimmfeste) for the financing of the swimming bath. |
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1885 - Sport Shooting: 8th September in Porto Alegre, founding of the Shooting Association (Schützenbund) for Rio Grande do Sul |
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1885 - Fencing: German Turners Club Porto Alegre resolves to include fencing into the exercise programme |
1886 - Foundation of the German Cycling Union and German Swimming Association |
1886 - Sport Shooting: April, First Federal Sport Shooting Event (Erstes Bundesschießen) in São Leopoldo attended by prince Gaston of Orleans, Conde d´Eu, who donates a target rifle (Scheibengewehr) |
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1887 - March 6, foundation of the German Turners Club São João do Montenegro |
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1888 - Rowing: Rowing Club Porto Alegre, founded with the participation of Alfred Schütt, Balduin Röhrig and Alberto Bins, who will henceforth become Lord Mayor of Porto Alegre. The Club imports two gigs with four and six paddles from Germany. |
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1888 - December 2. Foundation of the German Turners Club São Paulo |
1890 - Paddling and Canoeing |
1890 - Foundation of Turners Club Lomba Grande |
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1890 - Foundation of Turnerschaft (a single Club) São Paulo |
1891 - May 21: Foundation of the Central Committee for National and Youth games (Zentralausschusses für Volks- und Jugendspiele) in Berlin |
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1893 - July 15: Foundation of the German Worker’s Society (Arbeiter- Turn- und Sportbund; ATB) in Gera |
1893 - September 15: German Turners Club Santa Cruz is founded. |
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1894 - July 11: Turners Club Neu Hamburg is founded |
1894 - June 16: Pierre de Coubertin calls for an International Sports Congress in Paris. Foundation of the International Olympic Committee (Comité Internationale Olympique) (CIO) |
1894 - Health: 1st Natural Healing Association in Rio Grande do Sul, founded 4th March. Registered under number 435 in the German Federation of Natural Healing Associations (Deutscher Bund der Naturheilvereine), headquartered in Berlin. Primary objective, goals: increase awareness of a healthy lifestyle, supplemented by propagating free exercise during in daylight, air and water |
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1895 - Gymnastics: Founding of the German Turners Association (Deutsche Turnerschaft) of Rio Grande do Sul. |
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1896 - Soccer: belongs to the Turners games (Turnspiele), in Porto Alegre |
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1896 - Cycling: The Cycling Club “Blitz” is founded. Founding member: Alberto Bins, Oskar Schaitza, who is administrator of the swimming bath of the Turners Federation, is elected 1. Chairman. |
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1897 - Long distance swimming in Guaíba, organized by the Rowing Club Porto Alegre, German Turners Federation (Deutscher Turnerbund) and the Cycling Club “Blitz” (March 12, 1897). |
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1897 - Cycling: First cycle race in the City of Porto Alegre |
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1897 - (Re) Establishment of fencing in the Turners Club Porto Alegre. Initiator and long-standing fencing instructor (Fechtwart): Ferdinand Fenchel. - January 7: Foundation of a fencing group (Fechtriege) in the Turnerschaft von São Paulo. Professor: Mr. Reichart |
1898 - January 31: Foundation of the Athletics Association (Deutschen Sportbehörde für Athletik) |
1898 - Tennis: October 22: foundation of the Tennis Club Walhalla |
1898 - Representatives of the Teuto-Brazilian Turners Club Curitiba and Turnerschaft of São Paulo (1890) participate in the German Turnfest in Hamburg. |
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1899 - Sport Shooting: Big shooting event (Schützenfest) in Porto Alegre |
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1899 - Soccer: Foundation of the sports club Germania in São Paulo, August 19. Hamburg born Hans Nobiling is initiator. |
1900 - January 28: Foundation of the German Football Association (Deutscher Fußballbund) |
1900 - Soccer: The Sports Club Rio Grande, being the oldest continuously existing “pure” Soccer Club of Brazil, is founded under German participation |
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1900 - The Turners of São Paulo declare Dr. Ferdinand Götz, Chairman of the German Turnerschaft, a honorary member on the occasion of their 10th anniversary |
1902 - May 19: Foundation of the German Lawn-Tennis Association in Berlin |
1902 - Women Turners: The Turners Federation founded in 1890 in São Paulo establishes a women league, which is model to the Turners of Porto Alegre. |
1903 - Representatives of the Turners Federation Porto Alegre participate in the German Turnfest in Nuremberg. |
1903 - Soccer: Following the demonstration game by the soccer team from Rio Grande, two soccer clubs are founded in Porto Alegre: Grêmio Football Porto-Alegrense and Fußball Club Porto Alegre. |
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1903 - Gymnastic teacher Georg Black plays in the team of Grêmio Football Porto-Alegrense |
1908 - First relay Potsdam-Berlin |
1908 - Soccer: The soccer team “Frisch Auf!” of the Turnerbund Porto Alegre is founded, initiated by gymnastic teacher Georg Black. Becomes strongest subdivision of the club in 1915. |
1908 - Delegation of Brazil visit the German Turnfest in Frankfurt |
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1910 - Foundation of the first Youth hostels |
1909 - Gymnastics: October 16: a new German Turners club is founded in Rio de Janeiro. |
1911 - January 9: Foundation of the German Boy Scout Union - Nov 13: Foundation of the Jungdeutschlandbund (a militaristic Youth organization) |
1911 - Fistball: Gymnastic teacher Georg Black starts fistball within the framework of the club. |
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1911 - Oktoberfest: The Bavarian folklore group of the “Haberer” celebrates the first Oktoberfest on the grounds of the Turners Federation in Brazil. Initiator: Ferdinand Schlatter. |
1913 - Delegation of Brazilian Gymnasts and sportsmen at the German Turnfest in Leipzig. Gymnastics teacher Black comes back to Brazil keeping in mind the idea of the foundation of boy scout groups in Brazil |
1913 - “Eilbotenlauf” (courier run) from Santa Cruz do Sul to the Bismarck monument at the shooting stand (Schützenplatz) in Porto Alegre. Inspired by the “Jahrhundertlauf” to the monument of the Battle of the Nations in Leipzig. |
1913 - Festival for Games and Sports in the new German Stadium of Berlin (Deutsches Stadion) Georg Black of the Porto Alegre Turners is honored with the Gold medal for his „all-around performances“ by the German Sports Organization (DRA). Today the medal is called the „Deutsches Sportabzeichen. |
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1914 - Military preparation of the youth in Prussia |
1914 - “Eilbotenlauf” (courier run) in appraisal of the return of the chairman J. A. Friederichs of the Turners Federation from Germany. Inspired by the Turners Club São Sebastião do Caí |
1914-1918 - First World War |
1914 - Tennis: The Tennis Club Germania is founded within the Turners Federation in December |
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1915 - Gymnastics: I. German Turnfest, October 10, in Blumenau. All Turners Clubs of the Itajaí-District participate. Foundation of the “Itajahy-Gau” (Union of Itajahy Turners Clubs). |
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1915 - The Turnerschaft of Rio Grande do Sul (TRG) cancels the public Turnfest. The term “deutsch” (German) is discarded at this point. |
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1916 - International competition in Porto Alegre: Brazilian athletes versus Uruguayan athletes. |
1917 - Foundation of the German National Committee for Physical Education (Deutscher Reichsausschuss für Leibesübungen; DRA) |
1917-1919 - Due to the war interruption of the Club activities. Club property is being destroyed. |
1920 - May 15: Opening of the German College for Physical Exercise (Deutsche Hochschule für Leibesübungen) in Berlin |
1920 - Revival of the sport and associative life (Vereinswesen). In contrast to the USA in Brazil German as official language in the Clubs can be restored |
1922 - German Contest Games in Berlin. |
1922 |
1923 - Delegation of Brazil at the German Turnfest in Munich |
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Sports development between 1924 and 1935 |
Germany |
Brazil |
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1924 - TRG “Eilbotenlauf” (courier run), 27th July. Biggest sportive demonstration in Brazil featuring 1200 participants. Main route: 365 kilometers. |
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1924 - 6th TRG Turnfest including a German Day (Deutscher Tag), 3 - 6 October, featuring 270 competitors and 617 free exercise Turners (Freiübungs-Turner) |
1925 - November 8: Foundation of the German Table Tennis Association First International Workers‘ Sports Olympics in Frankfurt/M. |
1925 - League Atlética Porto Alegrense (LAPA), founded February 2, member: Grêmio Football, Rowing-Club, Clube de Regatas Guahyba (Ex-Germania), Turnerbund, Sport Club Eiche |
1925 - Congress on bodily fitness for girls and women |
1925 - A fencing division is founded within the Turnerbund of Porto Alegre under supervision of Ferdinand Fenchel, which will later develop into the fencing league (Fechtriege) “Teutonia” |
1926 - Foundation of the Parliamentary Committee for body exercises and physical education |
1927 - Liga Atlética Rio-grandense (LARG) linked with LAPA is state-wide recognised |
1927 - Cycling World Championship in Cologne |
1927 - Volleyball: The Turnerbund Porto Alegre implements women volleyball |
1928 - Delegation of Brazil participates at the 14th German Turnfest in Cologne |
1928 - The Friedrichs Foundation (Friedrichsstiftung) supports training of Vorturners (Turners who demonstrate an exercise) and promotion of “Turnwarte” (managers of gymnastics groups) of the Turnerschaft Rio Grande do Sul |
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1929 - Pentecost: 7th Public Turnfest (Allgemeines Turnfest) of TRG in the presence of state president, regional commander and many personalities of high rank and importance |
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1929 - Basketball: The Turners Club of Santa Cruz do Sul establishes basketball |
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1929 - Foundation of the Federação Rio-grandense de Tênis in which Tennis Club Walhalla and Tênis Club Ipiranga (Ex-Germania) joined |
1930 - Max Schmeling becomes World Champ professional boxing (heavy weight) |
1930 - 20 - 21 September, “Campeonato de Esgrima Rio Grandense” of the League Athletica Rio Grandense takes place. Numerous victories by the fencing division of the Turnerbund |
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1930 - Sailing: Foundation of the Yachting Club Porto Alegre by Leopold Geyer |
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1931 - July: Three Turners Clubs - Turnerbund Porto Alegre, Turners Club Navegantes São João Porto Alegre and Turners Club Santa Cruz do Sul found the Fencing Association of the Turners Association of Rio Grande do Sul (Fechter-Vereinigung der Turnerschaft von Rio Grande do Sul). 58 fencers, leader: Ferdinand Fenchel |
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1931 - Handball: Match between the Turners of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Foundation of the Handball Association in São Paulo (Associação de Handebol) |
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1931 - Argentinian and Chilean Turners Clubs inspire a union of all Turners clubs of South America. |
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1932 - A Statistical survey for the “Deutsche Turnblätter” of all Turners clubs of German origin throughout Brazil count 57 Turners clubs in the area between Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul |
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1932 - Motor cycling: Hans Stuck is winner of the mountain race Rio de Janeiro-Petrópolis with an Mercedes Car |
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1932 - Swimming: The 17th aged Maria Lenk (Asssociação Atlética de São Paulo) is the first woman of South America participating at Olympic Games in Los Angeles |
1933 - Brazilian Delagation at the German Turnfest in Stuttgart |
1933 - The women group of fencers belonging to the Turnerbund Porto Alegre, is founded on 12th April. First women´s competition on 2nd December. |
1935 - Deutscher Reichbund für Leibesübungen (DRL) (Umbrella organization for Physical exercises and Sports in Germany) is founded under pressure of the Nazi party |
1934 - TRG establishes “Friesenkampf”, comprising of shooting, epee fencing, throwing, running and swimming. Fencing instuctor (Fechtwart) Fenchel donates a special award (“Friesenplakette”) |
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1934 - Introduction of “Vorfechterprüfung” (examination for fencing demonstrators), awarded with pin and insignia |
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1934 - Sailing: Foundation of the Clube Veleiros do Sul. 1. Comodore: Ewald Ritter. |
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1935 - 8th Turnfest of TRG on the Memorial Day of the Guerra dos Farrapos referred to as “Jahrhundertfeiern der Farrapen-Revolution” |
Sports development between 1935 and 1952 |
Germany |
Brazil |
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1935 - Foundation of a Federation of German-Brazilian Turners Clubs. Executive board: Turnerbund Porto Alegre. Official register: “Deutsche Turnblätter”, Porto Alegre. |
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1935 - Jew Herbert Caro, who fled from Nazi-Germany, starts to play table tennis in Porto Alegre. |
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1935 - The Turngau “Nord Santa Catharina” is founded on November 30 in São Bento de Sul. Including seven clubs of the area among the Northern part between Joinville and Canoinhas, counting about 1600 members |
1936 - Olympic Games in Berlin A Brazilian team participates successfully, among others the swimmer Maria Lenk |
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1937 - Sailing: International Regatta at the Guaíba in Porto Alegre between Uruguay and Argentina |
1938 - Brazilian delegation at the German Turner and sports festival (Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest) in Breslau |
1938-1942 - Nationalization of German clubs, language prohibitions and repression. |
1938 - German Teams are successful at Handball World Championships in Berlin |
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1938 - The Nazi party rules the German Sports movement completely |
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1939 - Swimming: Maria Lenk finishes first with world records |
1940 - Various Championships at War |
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1944 - During the War Gymnastics and Sports are only possible local spaces |
1943 - The immigrant José Wingen establishes canoeing in Rio Grande do Sul. |
1945 - End of the War and capitulation of the Third Reich German Sports- and Turners Clubs are prelimanary forbidden by the Allies |
1945 - Resumption of club activities under “nationalized” names, lifting the prohibition of Portuguese language |
1945 - German Sports Clubs and associations are re-founded step by step |
1945 - “Primeira Pequena Olmpíada”: Republica Oriental do Uruguai versus Sogipa, Porto Alegre |
1949 - Foundation of the Deutscher Fußballbund (DFB) Foundation of the National Olympic Committee for Germany (NOK) |
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1950 - Foundation of the German Turners Federation (Deutscher Turner-Bund; DTB) Foundation of the German Sports Federation (Deutscher Sportbund; DSB) |
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1952 - The German Olympic Team of Turners, called as “Diplomats in White”, visits South America |