Barron [55 Barron DJ. Tetralogy of Fallot: controversies in early management. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg. 2013;4(2):186-91.], 2013 |
Retrospective Multicenter |
2002 to 2007 |
3000 178 neonatal repairs |
1.9 to 3% 7.8% (neonates) |
Optimal age: 3 to 9 months |
Kirsch et al.[3030 Kirsch RE, Glatz AC, Gaynor JW, Nicolson SC, Spray TL, Wernovsky G, et al. Results of elective repair at 6 months or younger in 277 patients with tetralogy of Fallot: a 14-year experience at a single center. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014;147(2):713-7.], 2014 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1995 to 2009 |
277 |
- |
Optimal age: 3 to 6 months |
Gerrah et al.[1414 Gerrah R, Turner ME, Gottlieb D, Quaegebeur JM, Bacha E. Repair of tetralogy of Fallot in children less than 4 kg body weight. Pediatr Cardiol. 2015;36(7):1344-9.], 2015 |
Retrospective Single-center |
2005 to 2013 |
51 |
- |
Primary surgical repair for correction of TF has a more favorable outcome than palliation in children weighing less than 4 kg |
Park et al.[1717 Park CS, Kim WH, Kim GB, Bae EJ, Kim JT, Lee JR, et al. Symptomatic young infants with tetralogy of Fallot: one-stage versus staged repair. J Card Surg. 2010;25(4):394-9.], 2010 |
Retrospective Single-center |
2000 to 2008 |
13 |
- |
Optimal age: less than 3 months, earlier surgical correction of TF may be better for the pulmonary artery growth |
Kantorova et al.[3131 Kantorova A, Zbieranek K, Sauer H, Lilje C, Haun C, Hraska V. Primary early correction of tetralogy of Fallot irrespective of age. Cardiol Young. 2008;18(2):153-7.], 2008 |
Retrospective 2 institutions |
1996 to 2006 |
61 |
1.63% |
Optimal age for asymptomatic patients: more than 3 months. Optimal age for symptomatic patients: as early as possible |
Alexiou et al.[2222 Alexiou C, Mahmoud H, Al-Khaddour A, Gnanapragasam J, Salmon AP, Keeton BR, et al. Outcome after repair of tetralogy of Fallot in the first year of life. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;71(2):494-500.], 2001 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1974 to 2000 |
89 |
1.1% |
Optimal age: within 12 months |
Egbe et al.[66 Egbe AC, Uppu SC, Mittnacht AJ, Joashi U, Ho D, Nguyen K, et al. Primary tetralogy of Fallot repair: predictors of intensive care unit morbidity. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2014;22(7):794-9.], 2014 |
Retrospective Single-center |
2001 to 2012 |
97 |
- |
Age and weight are independent predictors of morbidity |
Van Arsdell et al.[44 Van Arsdell GS, Maharaj GS, Tom J, Rao VK, Coles JG, Freedom RM, et al. What is the optimal age for repair of tetralogy of Fallot? Circulation. 2000;102(19 Suppl 3):III123-9.], 2000 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1996 to 1998 |
227 |
(0 to 12m) |
Optimal age: 3 to 11 months |
Van Arsdell et al.[1010 Van Arsdell G, Yun TJ. An apology for primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 2005:128-31.], 2005 |
Review Single-center |
1996 to 2004 |
357 |
0.6% |
Optimal age: 3 to 6 months |
|
|
Parry et al.[2525 Parry AJ, McElhinney DB, Kung GC, Reddy VM, Brook MM, Hanley FL. Elective primary repair of acyanotic tetralogy of Fallot in early infancy: overall outcome and impact on the pulmonary valve. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(7):2279-83.], 2000 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1992 to 1999 |
42 |
- |
Optimal age: before 3 months |
Moraes Neto et al.[2828 Moraes Neto FR, Santos CC, Moraes CR. Intracardiac correction of tetralogy of Fallot in the first year of life: short-term and mid-term results. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2008;23(2):216-23.], 2008 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1996 to 2004 |
67 |
2.98% |
Optimal age: before 12 months |
Moraes Neto et al.[2727 Moraes Neto F, Gomes CA, Lapa C, Hazin S, Tenório E, Mattos S, et al. Surgical treatment of Fallot in the first year of life. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;15(2):143-53.], 2000 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1986 to 1999 |
30 |
6.6% |
Optimal age: before 12 months. Expansion of the outflow tract involved in right ventricular obstruction and transannular patch as a risk factor in body surface areas <0.48 m² |
Kaulitz et al.[1818 Kaulitz R, Jux C, Bertram H, Paul T, Ziemer G, Hausdorf G. Primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot in infancy: the effect on growth of the pulmonary arteries and the risk for late reinterventions. Cardiol Young. 2001;11(4):391-8.], 2001 |
Retro- and prospective Single-center |
Follow-up 80,4 ± 24 months |
62 |
4.8% |
Optimal age: from 3 to 12 months |
|
|
Steiner et al.[1313 Steiner MB, Tang X, Gossett JM, Malik S, Prodhan P. Timing of complete repair of non-ductal-dependent tetralogy of Fallot and short-term postoperative outcomes, a multicenter analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014;147(4):1299-305.], 2014 |
Retrospective Multicenter |
2004 to 2010 |
4698 |
1.3% |
Optimal age: from 3 to 12 months |
|
6.4% (neonates) |
Starr[2929 Starr JP. Tetralogy of Fallot: yesterday and today. World J Surg. 2010;34(4):658-68.], 2010 |
Review |
1952 to 2010 |
2715 |
50's: 60% Early 60's: 5-14% 70's to 2009: <2% |
From 70's to present: complete repair of TF is performed before 6 months of age with low mortality. |
Kolcz & Pizarro[1616 Kolcz J, Pizarro C. Neonatal repair of tetralogy of Fallot results in improved pulmonary artery development without increased need for reintervention. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005;28(3):394-9.], 2005 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1998 to 2004 |
66 |
4.5% |
Elective repair of TF in neonates has excellent results. Preoperative weight < 2.5 kg and small left pulmonary artery size are associated with higher incidence of reintervention |
Bakhtiary et al.[2121 Bakhtiary F, Dähnert I, Leontyev S, Schröter T, Hambsch J, Mohr FW, et al. Outcome and incidence of re-intervention after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. J Card Surg. 2013;28(1):59-63.], 2013 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1998 to 2009 |
120 |
- |
Optimal age: up to 4 months |
Al Habib et al.[77 Al Habib HF, Jacobs JP, Mavroudis C, Tchervenkov CI, O'Brien SM, Mohammadi S, et al. Contemporary patterns of management of tetralogy of Fallot: data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90(3):813-9.], 2010 |
Retrospective Multicenter |
2002 to 2007 |
2534 |
1.3% |
Optimal age: before 12 months |
7.8% (neonates) |
|
Wilder et al.[1212 Wilder TJ, Van Arsdell GS, Benson L, Pham-Hung E, Gritti M, Page A, et al. Young infants with severe tetralogy of Fallot: early primary surgery versus transcatheter palliation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;154(5):1692-700.], 2017 |
Retrospective Single-center |
2000 to 2012 |
453 |
0.67% |
Optimal age: 3 to 9 months |
Gerling et al.[2020 Gerling C, Rukosujew A, Kehl HG, Tjan TD, Hoffmeier A, Vogt J, et al. Do the age of patients with tetralogy of Fallot at the time of surgery and the applied surgical technique influence the reoperation rate. A single-center experience. Herz. 2009;34(2):155-60.], 2009 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1992 to 2003 |
124 |
4.8% |
Optimal age: from 3 to 12 months |
Ooi et al.[3333 Ooi A, Moorjani N, Baliulis G, Keeton BR, Salmon AP, Monro JL, et al. Medium term outcome for infant repair in tetralogy of Fallot: Indicators for timing of surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006;30(6):917-22.], 2006 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1997 to 2003 |
52 |
1.9% |
Optimal age: 3 to 6 months |
Tamesberger et al.[3434 Tamesberger MI, Lechner E, Mair R, Hofer A, Sames-Dolzer E, Tulzer G. Early primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot in neonates and infants less than four months of age. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;86(6):1928-35.], 2008 |
Retrospective Single-center |
1995 to 2006 |
90 |
___ |
Neonatal primary surgical repair is associated with more frequent use of transannular patch and reinterventions |