Theme |
Official Discourse |
FT |
NYT |
CC |
OESP |
|
MINUSTAH |
Nucl. Deal |
MINUSTAH |
Nucl. Deal |
MINUSTAH |
Nucl. Deal |
MINUSTAH |
Nucl. Deal |
MINUSTAH |
Nucl. Deal |
1. Autonomy |
- More balanced North-South relations - Reciprocity - Stand for Brazil's rights, respect and self-esteem |
- Previous BFP was submissive and incorrect - Current BFP is active and non-subservient - Brazil can take action without the permission of great powers |
- Commercial victories were defeats for the North - Change in the bilateral US relation: support in spite of friction - Change in the international agenda |
- Brazil is a 'confident nation' trying to chart 'a diplomatic path of its own' |
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- New BFP damages Brazil-US relations - Iranian deal shows amateurism of Brazilian diplomacy - Brazil antagonizes the US due to careless exhibitionism |
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- Brazil has been a 'subject of the Empire... forever and ever', and particularly under FHC, who 'cheered for the opponent' - Lula's foreign policy is independent from the Empire's interest - Brazil and Turkey are trustworthy mediators because 'they are not mere US satellites' - Diplomatic professionalism |
- US indifferent to the new identity - Frictions during the MINUSTAH can compromise Brazil-US relations in the future - BFP is becoming ideological |
- Brazil has 'gone too far': Lula does not consider the 'consequences of his diplomacy' - Brazil has 'serious divergences' with the US - New BFP aggravates the US and can harm bilateral relations - Iranian deal shows amateurism of Brazilian diplomacy |
2. Socioecon. development |
- Economic growth with reduction of internal inequality - Payment of a social debt - Modernization |
- The time when Brazil thought it was poor is over - Economic growth with reduction of internal inequality |
- Modernization/ Change in international image - Positive legacy of the neoliberal governments of the 1990s |
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- WHO report shows that Brazil is a violent country due to its great social inequality |
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3. Regional Relations |
- Placing Haiti within Brazil's area of interest - Commitment with regional stability - Regional integration is a current priority - Benevolent regional leadership |
- Regional integration is a current priority - Answers to domestic criticisms to regional focus |
- North-American interest in the stabilizing potential of Brazilian leadership - Regional integration |
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- MINUSTAH is a demonstration of Brazilian regional leadership - Brazil and allies act in defence of the region's values (democracy, peace, multilateralism) |
- BFP carried out by Lula has damaged democracy in Latin America |
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- Brazil and Turkey are 'representing the interests of their own regions' |
- Haiti is within Brazil's area of geopolitical interest - MINUSTAH is the starting point for South-American defence cooperation - In spite of commercial competition, Brazil and Argentina have extensive military cooperation |
- Brazil talks with regimes that promote terrorism in important regional allies (Argentina) |
4. South-South Relations/Universalism |
- Diversification - Banner carrier for the Global South - Domestic criticism comes from 'colonized heads' |
- Diversification - Banner carrier for the Global South - South-South is a modern rendering of Itamaraty's longstanding multilateralism - Domestic criticism comes from 'colonized minds' |
- The country might become the power it tries to be through diversification - Banner carrier for the Global South |
- Brazil wants to build bridges between the West and the developing world - Commercial ties with Iran - Historically, emerging countries are 'diplomatic failures' |
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- Commercial ties with Iran - Brazil represents the post-Western world and it will continue to rise in the global stage |
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- Brazil's elite (and the big media that represent it) is hostile to Lula and is surrendered, anachronistic, and spreads a 'subaltern opinion' |
- 'Third World' focus is an ideologization of the BFP - Depreciation of Itamaraty's prestigious diplomatic corps - Criticism to the waiver of debts and donations to Africa |
- Commercial ties with Iran - Brazil claims to be a representative of emerging countries, critics see 'megalomania' and 'excessive protagonism' instead |
5. Multicultural Credentials |
- African heritage - Haiti as a sister nation - Peaceful coexistence between Jews and Arabs |
- Racial mixture equalled to: universalism, understanding and South-South diplomacy - African heritage - Peaceful coexistence between Jews and Arabs in Brazil qualifies it to be a mediator in the Middle East |
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- Soccer players from the Seleção are admired in Haiti because of their black colour and humble origins |
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- Multi-ethnic trait makes Brazilian leadership well accepted - Domestically, Brazil still has racism; externally, Haiti has cultural and ethnic ties with Brazil |
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6. Reform of International Institutions |
- Reform of the UNSC (obsolete and unrepresentative) - MINUSTAH leadership is a concrete gesture of Brazil's commitment |
- UNSC is obsolete, non-transparent and unrepresentative - Human Rights are treated in a politicized way - Denounces nuclear-arms countries for refusing to disarm |
- MINUSTAH and other gestures (waiver of African debts, campaign against hunger) are part of a campaign for prestige and a permanent seat at the UNSC |
- The UNSC's 'permanent five' exert a mystified power, have obsolete and undemocratic rules face to the non-Western world - Great powers have been unable to solve the nuclear proliferation problem |
- Brazil as a regional power seeks a permanent seat - MINUSTAH is part of the UNSC permanent seat campaign, though denied by official discourse |
- 'Amateurism' in Teheran might compromise the UNSC permanent seat goal - Solution for the Iranian issue will come from the UNSC permanent members - Brazil supports Iran and silences about attacks on human rights and democracy, behaving like the great powers it once criticized - Brief mention to the fact the great powers have not been able to solve nuclear proliferation |
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- Deal is a milestone in the 'shift of global power', from the West toward the South and the East - Brazil was the main protagonist of the deal - The West was inefficient and biased in dealing with the Iranian nuclear issue. - Brazil and Turkey have greater moral authority on disarmament than countries with nuclear arms. - Brazil and Turkey are 'new powers' - UNSC obsolete and symbolic. The permanent seat is less worthy for Brazil than displaying actual economic and geopolitical leadership. - US violates the 'rights of the peoples' |
- MINUSTAH is part of the UNSC campaign - South-South diplomacy is part of the campaign for the UNSC (though not officially declared) - Govern has predicted benefits but not the costs of the MINUSTAH |
- Moral condemnation of Brazil's ties with a country that violates Human Rights - Brazil condemns NPT asymmetries and the refusal of nuclear-arms countries to disarm - Brief acknowledgment of 'Lula's tenacity', denounces reactionary attitude of the US and 'old school powers' of the 'atomic club' |
7. Promoting Peace |
- Peace is a perennial trait of Brazil, embodied in the MINUSTAH - Social justice as a prerequisite for peace |
- Peaceful regional relations - Desire for peace - Moral authority on disarmament matters |
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- Country is critical of violent unilateral interventions (Iraq) - 'Non conventional' diplomacy demonstrates a desire for peace (e.g.: Seleção's soccer match in Haiti) |
- Brazil and Iran have undergone similar experiences with their nuclear programs - Brazilian involvement could raise suspicion regarding its own nuclear program |
- The problems faced by Brazilian troops in Brazil (crime) and in Haiti (national security) are not the same, in spite of the similarity pointed out by the government. - Brazilian soldiers are 'guardians of Peace' - Brazil leads peace mission, but is one of the most violent countries in the world. |
- Lula is 'a president willing to search for the ways of peace' - Teheran mission is a 'peace mission' - Brazil is concerned with peace, while the belligerent US are concerned with sanctions or war |
- Success of the peacekeeping mission depends on social justice - Poverty in Haiti proves the peace/ development association correct - Soccer match is a gesture for peace - Brazilian intervention contrasts with US militarism - Defends the Brazilian nuclear program |
- Lula has electoral and self-projection goals |
8. Solidarity/Non-Indifference |
- Moral impossibility of indifference - Though not rich/developed, Brazil must help |
- Though not rich/developed, Brazil has helped |
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- Brazil has financial limitations, but within the 'labour division' it can help in other ways - But there are criticism originating inside the president's party (imperialism/non-intervention) |
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- Brazil can help Haiti with technical cooperation - Permanent UNSC seat is the motivation for the generosity with the South - Donations are misused by recipients |
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