Consumption of fruits and vegetables associated with other risk behaviors among adolescents in Northeast Brazil

Silva, Fabiana Medeiros de Almeida; Smith-Menezes, Aldemir; Duarte, Maria de Fátima da Silva

doi:10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.004

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. paul. pediatr. 34 (3) • Jul-Sep 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.004 copy

Consumption of fruits and vegetables associated with other risk behaviors among adolescents in Northeast Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables and identify the association with low level of physical activity, exposure to sedentary behavior, consumption of soft drinks and overweight/obesity in adolescents.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional school-based study with a representative sample of 3992 students aged 14–19 years from the state of Sergipe, Brazil. The outcome was low consumption of fruits and vegetables (<5servings/day). Independent variables were: level of physical activity, sedentary behavior, consumption of soft drinks, and overweight/obesity. Global Student Health Survey questionnaire and body mass and height measurements were used, as well as chi-square test and crude and adjusted binary logistic regression. The significance level adopted was 5%.

Results:

The prevalence of inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables was high – 88.6% (95%CI=87.6–89.5). Higher likelihood of low consumption of fruits and vegetables was verified among boys who were exposed to sedentary behavior (OR=1.63; 95%CI=1.18–2.24), who consumed soft drinks (OR=3.04; 95%CI=2.10–4.40), with insufficiently physical activity (OR=1.98; 95%CI=1.43–2.73) and girls who consumed soft drinks (OR=1.88; 95%CI=1.43–2.47) and those with overweight/obesity (OR=1.63; 95%CI=1.19–2.23).

Conclusions:

There is a need of public policies aimed at encouraging the consumption of healthy foods among adolescents.

KEYWORDS
Adolescent; Food consumption; Risk factors

	Female		Male		p-value
	N (1544)	%	N (2448)	%
Age group
14-15	259	16.8	470	19.2	<0.001
16-17	759	49.2	1310	53.5
18-19	526	34.1	668	27.3

Situation of the domicile
Urban areas	982	63.6	1484	60.6	0.032
Rural areas	562	36.4	964	39.4

Family head
Mother	542	35.1	964	39.4	<0.001
Father	879	56.9	1217	49.7
Others	123	8.0	267	10.9

Mothers education level
With no education	162	10.5	294	12.0	<0.001
ES not completed	738	47.8	1281	52.3
ES completed	175	11.3	228	9.3
HS completed	234	15.2	367	15.0
College completed	141	9.1	154	6.3
Unknown	94	6.1	124	5.1

Adolescent grade
1st year	679	44.0	971	39.7	<0.001
2nd year	502	32.5	841	34.4
3rd year	363	23.5	636	26.0

School shift
Day shift	956	61.9	1697	69.3	<0.001
Night shift	588	38.1	751	30.7

Family income
Up to 1 MS	416	26.9	867	35.4	<0.001
From 1 to 2 MS	589	38.1	965	39.4
Above 2 MS	511	33.1	557	22.8
Unknown	28	1.8	59	2.4

	Female		Male		p-value
	n	%	n	%
Body mass index
Eutrophic	1254	83.7	2020	85.0	0.137
Overweight/obesity	245	16.3	356	15.0

MVPA
≥300min/week	447	29.0	451	18.4	<0.001
<300min/week	1097	71.0	1997	81.6

Sedentary behavior
Exposed	656	42.5	1209	49.4	<0.001
Not exposed	888	57.5	1239	50.6

F+V consumption
≥(2F+3V)	172	11.1	285	11.6	0.627
<(2F+3V)	1372	89.9	2163	88.4

Consumption of soft drinks
Once or more times per day	843	54.6	1453	59.4	0.002
Less than once per day	701	45.4	995	40.6

Consumption of cigarettes
Not exposed	1195	77.4	2096	85.6	<0.001
Exposed	349	22.6	352	14.4

Consumption of alcohol
Not exposed	794	51.4	1232	50.3	<0.001
Exposed	750	48.6	1216	49.7

	Crude OR (95%CI)	p-value	Adjusted OR (95%CI)^a a Adjusted for age and skin color.	p-value
Sedentary behavior		0.004^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.		0.003^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.
Not exposed	1		1
Exposed	1.61 (1.17-2.21)		1.63 (1.18-2.24)
Consumption of soft drinks		<0.001^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.		<0.001^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.
Without consumption	1		1
Consumption	3.07 (2.12-4.44)		3.04 (2.10-4.40)
MVPA		<0.001^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.		<0.001^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.
≥300min/week	1		1
<300min/week	1.97 (1.42-2.72)		1.98 (1.43-2.73)
Body mass index		0.919		-
Eutrophic	1		-
Overweight/Obesity	0.98 (0.63-1.51)		-

	Crude OR (95%CI)	p-value	Adjusted OR (95%CI)^a a Adjusted for age and skin color.	p-value
Sedentary behavior		0.777		-
Not exposed	1		-
Exposed	1.04 (0.81-1.33)		-
Consumption of soft drinks		<0.001^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.		<0.001^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.
Without consumption	1		1
Consumption	1.88 (1.43-2.47)		1.88 (1.43-2.47)
MVPA		0.089		0.113
≥300min/week	1		1
<300min/week	1.30 (0.96-1.75)		1.28 (0.94-1.73)
Body mass index		0.002^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.		0.002^b b p≤0.05, Teste de Wald.
Eutrophic	1		1
Overweight/Obesity	1.63 (1.19-2.22)		1.63(1.19-2.23)

Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo R. Maria Figueiredo, 595 - 10o andar, 04002-003 São Paulo - SP - Brasil, Tel./Fax: (11 55) 3284-0308; 3289-9809; 3284-0051 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rpp@spsp.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail:fabianasilvaedf@gmail.com (F.M. Silva).