Disposal of animal healthcare services waste in southern Brazil: One Health at risk

Oliveira, Kelly Scherer de; Morello, Larissa; Oliveira, Simone Vassem de; Agostinetto, Lenita; Silva, Bruna Fernanda da; Siegloch, Ana Emilia

doi:10.1590/0103-11042019S306

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Saúde debate 43 (spe3) • Dec 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019S306 copy

Disposal of animal healthcare services waste in southern Brazil: One Health at risk

Descarte de resíduos de serviços de saúde animal no sul do Brasil: Saúde Única em risco

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Brazilian animal livestock is in full expansion but linked to the use of veterinary drugs which may be considered as emerging contaminants. The study aimed to characterize the disposal of Animal Healthcare Service Waste (AHSW), especially of veterinary drugs, besides identifying the most used drugs in the city of São Joaquim municipality, southern Brazil. Eighty-four cattle ranchers were interviewed through a structured questionnaire with closed questions about drugs use and disposal of the AHSW. The active ingredients of drugs most used were the antiparasitic ivermectin (68% of properties) and the antimicrobial oxytetracycline (48%). After the use, the disposal of the AHSW, including expired drugs, leftovers and wrapper, was the disposal next to the domestic trash, burned and deposited in the soil. The Chi square test showed association between the age of the participants and the disposal of sharp objects (X²2 Manyi-Loh C, Mamphweli S, Meyer E, et al. Antibiotic use in agriculture and its consequential resistance in environmental sources: potential public health implications. Mol. [internet]. 2018 [accessed in 2019 Mar 3]; 23(795):1-48. Available in: 10.3390/molecules23040795.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2304079... = 36,36, p= 0,020), showing that farmers aged above 60 years usually reuse, the ones who are 20 years old return to the place where they acquired the material and the rest adopts improper practices. The disposal practices of the AHSW adopted in the properties are still in disagreement with the current Brazilian legislation and may cause adverse effects on human, animal and environmental health.

KEYWORDS:
Waste management; Medical waste; Veterinary drugs; Public health

Therapeutic Class	Active Ingredient	%
Antiparasitic	Ivermectin	68.35
Antimicrobial	Oxytetracycline	48.09
Anti-inflammatory	Piroxicam	24.05
Antiparasitic	Diazoamino diaceturate dibenzamidine	21.52
Antimicrobial	Procaine benzylpenicillin	20.25
Antimicrobial	Streptomycin	20.25
Anesthetic	Procaine	18.99
Vaccines/Biological	Bacterial culture	17.73
Antiparasitic	Doramectin	17.72
Antiparasitic	Cypermethrin^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	10.13
Antiparasitic	Levamisole Phosphate	8.86
Antiparasitic	Chlorpyrifos^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	7.59
Antiparasitic	Citronellal^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	6.33
Antiparasitic	Fipronil^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	3.80
Hormones/Similar	Pituitary posterior lobe extract (oxytocin)	3.80
Anti-inflammatory	Diclofenac sodium	2.53
Antiparasitic	Abamectin^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	2.53
Antiparasitic	Imidocarb (dipropionate)	2.53
Anti-inflammatory	Pyrazolone	2.53
Antidiarrheal	Sulfacetamide^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	2.53
Antimicrobial	Benzathine benzylpenicillin	1.27
Antimicrobial	Potassium benzylpenicillin	1.27
Antimicrobial	Streptomycin	1.27
Antiparasitic	Diflubenzuron^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	1.27
Antiparasitic	Dichlorvos^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	1.27
Antiparasitic	Albendazole	1.27
Antiparasitic	Metrifonate	1.27
Antiparasitic	Deltamethrin^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	1.27
Antiparasitic	Chlorfenvinphos^* * Active ingredients of pesticides of the insecticidal, acaricidal or nematicidal classes.	1.27
Antimicrobial	Sulfadiazine	1.27
Antiparasitic	Tetramisole	1.27
Antiparasitic	Imidocarb dipropionate	1.27
Hormones/Similar	Cloprostenol Sodium	1.27
Hormones/Similar	Estradiol Cypionate	1.27
Hormones/Similar	Chlorobutanol	1.27
Anti-inflammatory	Dipyrone	1.27

Adopted Practices	Glass (%)	Plastic (%)	Piercing objects (%)
Domestic trash	37.84	31.08	29.17
Buries	16.22	12.16	16.67
Stores in the Shed	13.51	8.11	5.56
Burns	9.46	25.68	4.17
Returns to the place of purchase	8.11	9.46	4.17
Returns with pesticide packaging	8.11	6.76	0.00
Recyclable solid waste	2.70	2.70	-
Puts in the Daub house	-	-	12.50
Septic tank	1.35	1.35	-
Stores	-	-	12.50
Reuses	0.00	0.00	9.72
Other	2.63	2.63	4.17

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[1] Collaborators

The authors contributed to distinct activities in the manuscript: Oliveira KS (0000-0002-9376-4581)^* * Orcid (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). contributed to the planning, data collection, analysis, data interpretation and manuscript writing. Morello L (0000-0001-6557-1013)^* * Orcid (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). and Oliveira SV (0000-0002-4717-445X)^* * Orcid (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). also contributed to the planning and data collection of the manuscript. Agostinetto L (0000-0002-0468-883X)^* * Orcid (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). , Silva BF (0000-0002-3513-8072)^* * Orcid (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). and Siegloch AE (0000-0002-4200-8532)^* * Orcid (Open Researcher and Contributor ID). contributed to the planning, analysis, interpretation of data, elaboration of the draft, critical review of the content and approval of the final version of the manuscript.