Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale: Construction and evidence of validation

MELO, Juliana Rízia Félix de; MACIEL, Silvana Carneiro; OLIVEIRA, Marcelo Xavier de; CAMINO, Leoncio Francisco; CARVALHO, Thayro Andrade

doi:10.1590/1982-0275201936e170202

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Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

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PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT • Estud. psicol. (Campinas) 36 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275201936e170202 copy

Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale: Construction and evidence of validation

Escala de benevolência frente à esquizofrenia: construção e evidências de validação

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to construct and seek evidence for the validity of the Escala de Benevolência frente à Esquizofrenia (Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale). Two studies were conducted in Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Study 1 describes the development and evidence of the factor validity of the Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale with a sample composed of 200 university students aged 16 to 51 years old (M = 25.31; SD = 7.21). The data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, which revealed one single seven-item factor that explained 37.74% of the variance and a satisfactory Cronbach’s alpha (0.77). The aim of Study 2 was to test the goodness-of-fit of the Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale factor structure with a sample composed of 200 university students aged 16 to 52 years old (M = 24.82; SD = 6.97). The one-factor structure exhibited adequate goodness-of-fit; the composite reliability value was 0.83, which indicates scale stability and satisfactory psychometric parameters for assessing benevolent prejudice toward schizophrenia.

Keywords:
Benevolence; Scale; Schizophrenia

Items	Factor loadings	h ²
1. There is not much that can be done for people with schizophrenia, besides providing the care needed for them to feel comfortable and be well fed.	0.49	0.24
2. People should feel more pity for people with schizophrenia.	0.50	0.25
3. People with schizophrenia are like large children.	0.64	0.41
4. People with schizophrenia need caregivers 24 hours a day.	0.67	0.45
5. Some things cannot be said to people with schizophrenia because anything can affect them.	0.33	0.11
6. People with schizophrenia are unaware of things; therefore, they need caregivers.	0.75	0.56
7. I believe people with schizophrenia are defenseless.	0.62	0.39
Number of items	7
Eigenvalue	3.03
Explained variance (%)	34.74
Cronbach’s alpha (α)	0.77

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Núcleo de Editoração SBI - Campus II, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n. Prédio de Odontologia, 13060-900 Campinas - São Paulo Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 19 3343-7223 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: psychologicalstudies@puc-campinas.edu.br

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[1] J.R.F. MELO responsible for the study Idea and design, data collection, discussion and analysis and manuscript writing. S.C. MACIEL responsible for the study idea and design, data discussion and analysis, manuscript writing and final review. M.X. OLIVEIRA helped in data analysis and interpretation. L.F. CAMINO responsible for the study idea design and final manuscript review. T.A. CARVALHO helped in data analysis and interpretation and final manuscript review.