Bullying, social skills, peer acceptance, and friendship among students in school transition

SILVA, Jorge Luiz da; KOMATSU, André Vilela; ZEQUINÃO, Marcela Almeida; PEREIRA, Beatriz Oliveira; WANG, GuoYong; SILVA, Marta Angélica Iossi

doi:10.1590/1982-0275201936e180060

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Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY • Estud. psicol. 36 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275201936e180060 copy

Bullying, social skills, peer acceptance, and friendship among students in school transition

Bullying, habilidades sociais, aceitação pelos pares e amizade de estudantes em transição escolar

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study’s objective was to assess the social skills, peer acceptance, and friendship among students involved in bullying situations transitioning from elementary to middle school. A total of 408 6^th grade students from six public schools in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil composed the sample; 54.9% of whom were aged 11.3 years on average (Standard Deviation = 0.6). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Spearman’s correlation. In regard to social skills, bully-victims present a greater amount of passive and active responses when compared to victims, bullies, and not involved students. Only male bully-victims, however, experienced significantly more frequent rejection by peers, while female bully-victims had significantly fewer friends. The results indicate the need to develop interventions intended to prevent and decrease bullying in the period of school transition. Such interventions should, however, be gender-sensitive because of differences existing between boys and girls.

Keywords
Bullying; Friends; Rejection (Psychology); Social desirability; Social skills

	Victims (n = 59)		Bully-victims (n = 43)		Bully (n = 135)		Not involved (n = 171)		ANOVA
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	F	p
Skillful
Boys	1.35	0.35	1.43	0.25	1.30	0.29	1.31	0.28	0.942	0.422
Girls	1.38	0.30	1.35	0.23	1.35	0.28	1.33	0.29	0.147	0.932
Passive
Boys	0.63	0.28	0.74	0.29	0.75	0.22	0.69	0.30	1.420	0.240
Girls	0.75	0.20	0.89	0.27	0.71	0.20	0.61	0.24	9.953	0.000
Active
Boys	0.38	0.28	0.72	0.47	0.68	0.39	0.47	0.35	4.824	0.003
Girls	0.64	0.29	0.74	0.38	0.56	0.38	0.33	0.27	15.077	0.000
Acceptance
Boys	4.10	3.65	2.64	2.75	4.29	3.68	4.31	3.50	1.414	0.240
Girls	5.24	3.57	4.50	3.72	6.10	4.37	4.93	3.54	1.488	0.219
Rejection
Boys	3.00	2.54	6.60	8.94	4.61	5.89	3.04	3.77	2.837	0.040
Girls	2.47	3.79	4.81	6.00	3.02	4.45	2.64	3.15	1.959	0.121
Many friends
Boys	0.86	1.59	0.14	0.47	0.82	1.50	0.73	1.57	1.352	0.259
Girls	1.21	1.51	1.04	1.60	0.85	1.67	0.77	1.98	0.636	0.592
Few friends
Boys	0.67	1.15	1.31	2.12	0.75	1.38	0.95	1.79	0.865	0.460
Girls	0.37	0.71	1.29	1.95	0.29	0.86	0.64	1.10	4.740	0.003

	Skillful	Passive	Active	Acceptance	Rejection	Many friends	Few friends
Victimization
Boys	0.189^* * p < 0.05	0.008	0.052	-0.150^* * p < 0.05	0.099	-0.113	0.025
Girls	0.095	0.349^ p < 0.001.	0.425^ p < 0.001.	0.058	0.001	0.179^ p < 0.001.	-0.039
Bullying
Boys	-0.070	0.120	0.468^* * p < 0.05	0.078	0.065	0.194^* * p < 0.05	-0.124
Girls	-0.014	0.122	0.585^ p < 0.001.	0.039	0.024	0.240^ p < 0.001.	-0.152^* * p < 0.05

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Núcleo de Editoração SBI - Campus II, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n. Prédio de Odontologia, 13060-900 Campinas - São Paulo Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 19 3343-7223 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: psychologicalstudies@puc-campinas.edu.br

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[1] Correspondência para/Correspondence to: J.L. SILVA. E-mail:<jorge.silva@unifran.edu.br>.