This study constitutes a review of the state-of-the-art on knowledge about climate change and water in Brazil and South America. We discuss some of the results of the studies by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Inpe's Climate Report on observational studies of climate variability and future projections of change in climate and on the components of the hydrological cycle, until the end of the XXI Century, for the major basins in the continent. One of the main aspects of this document is on the economical and management aspects of water resources in different regions of Brazil, and how that may change in a climate change scenario.
Water resources; Climate variability; Climate change; Streamflow
