Support |
VCA1 - Top management regularly leads the quality of improvement efforts (factor 1) |
Top management should enable and emphasize the continuous improvement culture, value the gains incrementally and steadily made |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Grigg & Walls (2007a)Grigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007a). Developing statistical thinking for performance improvement in the food industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(4), 347-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740...
, Hayes & Romig (1977)Hayes, G. E., & Romig, H. G. (1977). Modern quality control. Los Angeles: Bruce., Hoerl & Snee (2010)Hoerl, R. W., & Snee, R. D. (2010). Closing the gap. Quality Progress, 43(5), 52-53., Laohavichien et al. (2011)Laohavichien, T., Fredendall, L. D., & Cantrell, R. S. (2011). Leadership and quality management practices in Thailand. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 31(10), 1048-1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443571111172426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443571111172...
, Lim & Antony (2013)Lim, S. A. H., & Antony, J. (2013). A conceptual readiness framework for statistical process control (SPC) deployment. In Proceedimgs of the Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2013 IEEE International Conference (pp. 300-304), Bangkok. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962422
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962...
, Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Montgomery (2014)Montgomery, D. C. (2014). Introdução ao controle estatístico da qualidade (4. ed.) Rio de Janeiro: Grupo Gen-LTC., Oakland (2008)Oakland, J. S. (2008). Statistical process control (5th ed.). Oxford: Routledge., Phyanthamilkumaran & Fernando (2008)Phyanthamilkumaran, S. Z., & Fernando, Y. (2008). The role of cultural change in the relationship between critical factors with the success of Statistical Process Control (SPC) projects. Proceedings of Annual London Conference on Money, Economy and Management, 3(4), 1-11.. |
VCA2- Top management provides adequate resources to promote SPC (factor 1) |
Providing the necessary resources such as training and providing incentives for SPC use |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Antony & Taner (2003)Antony, J., & Taner, T. (2003). A conceptual framework for the effective implementation of statistical process control. Business Process Management Journal, 9(4), 473-489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484...
, Grigg & Walls (2007a)Grigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007a). Developing statistical thinking for performance improvement in the food industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(4), 347-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740...
, Hoerl & Snee (2010)Hoerl, R. W., & Snee, R. D. (2010). Closing the gap. Quality Progress, 43(5), 52-53., Laohavichien et al. (2011)Laohavichien, T., Fredendall, L. D., & Cantrell, R. S. (2011). Leadership and quality management practices in Thailand. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 31(10), 1048-1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443571111172426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443571111172...
, Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Mason & Antony (2000)Mason, B., & Antony, J. (2000). Statistical process control: an essential ingredient for improving service and manufacuring quality. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 10(4), 233-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341...
, Sharma & Kharub (2014)Sharma, R., & Kharub, M. (2014). Attaining competitive positioning through SPC: an experimental investigation from SME. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(4), 86-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-0050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-00...
. |
VCA3- Top management provides structure support for SPC (factor 1) |
Support available for SPC implementation such as expert advice, training, dedication hours of employees and specific software license |
Ahmed et al. (2012)Ahmed, A. F. T. A. B., Khan, I., & Ghosh, M. K. (2012). SPC implementation in pharmaceutical industry for material flow management. Interscience Management Review, 2(3), 57-60., Bhote (1987)Bhote, K. R. (1987). SPC made easier, simpler, more statistically powerful. Target, 3(3), 12-20., Lim & Antony (2013)Lim, S. A. H., & Antony, J. (2013). A conceptual readiness framework for statistical process control (SPC) deployment. In Proceedimgs of the Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2013 IEEE International Conference (pp. 300-304), Bangkok. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962422
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962...
, Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Rohani et al. (2010)Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
, Sharma & Kharub (2014)Sharma, R., & Kharub, M. (2014). Attaining competitive positioning through SPC: an experimental investigation from SME. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(4), 86-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-0050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-00...
. |
Training |
VT1- The SPC training is given to workers involved in the manufacture and in SPC (factor 2) |
It is important that the training program include operators. The training should address the identification of special causes, of correct control chart types, data collection and control chart filling |
Antony & Taner (2003)Antony, J., & Taner, T. (2003). A conceptual framework for the effective implementation of statistical process control. Business Process Management Journal, 9(4), 473-489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484...
, Caulcutt (1996)Caulcutt, R. (1996). Statistical process control (SPC). Assembly Automation, 16(4), 10-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610150972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610150...
, Rohani et al. (2010)Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
. |
VT2- The knowledge acquired about SPC is applied immediately after training (factor 2) |
The acquired SPC knowledge in training should be applied immediately after training in order to avoid significant concept losses |
Ahmed et al. (2012)Ahmed, A. F. T. A. B., Khan, I., & Ghosh, M. K. (2012). SPC implementation in pharmaceutical industry for material flow management. Interscience Management Review, 2(3), 57-60., Bhote (1987)Bhote, K. R. (1987). SPC made easier, simpler, more statistically powerful. Target, 3(3), 12-20., Lim & Antony (2013)Lim, S. A. H., & Antony, J. (2013). A conceptual readiness framework for statistical process control (SPC) deployment. In Proceedimgs of the Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2013 IEEE International Conference (pp. 300-304), Bangkok. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962422
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962...
, Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Rohani et al. (2010)Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
, Sharma & Kharub (2014)Sharma, R., & Kharub, M. (2014). Attaining competitive positioning through SPC: an experimental investigation from SME. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(4), 86-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-0050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-00...
. |
VT3- Additional training in SPC application and tools is regularly accomplished (factor 2) |
There should be trainings to feature the new control chart techniques and to recall the main concepts to achieve the enforcement activities of control charts |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Hayes & Romig (1977)Hayes, G. E., & Romig, H. G. (1977). Modern quality control. Los Angeles: Bruce., Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Rohani et al. (2010)Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
. |
Application |
VA1- Appropriate control charts are used to monitor process stability (factor 4) |
Appropriate control charts should be used; chart type must be set, as well as the parameters to be controlled according to the features about to be scrutinized |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Grigg & Walls (2007b)Grigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007b). The role of control charts in promoting organisational learning: New perspectives from a food industry study. The TQM Magazine, 19(1), 37-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544780710720826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544780710720...
, Hoerl & Snee (2010)Hoerl, R. W., & Snee, R. D. (2010). Closing the gap. Quality Progress, 43(5), 52-53., Montgomery (2014)Montgomery, D. C. (2014). Introdução ao controle estatístico da qualidade (4. ed.) Rio de Janeiro: Grupo Gen-LTC., Rohani et al. (2010)Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
. |
VA2- The Statistical assumptions are observed (sample size, normality and adequate measurement system) through the use of control charts (factor 5) |
People involved with SPC have adequate command of statistical methods that enable control chart operations |
Ahmed et al. (2012)Ahmed, A. F. T. A. B., Khan, I., & Ghosh, M. K. (2012). SPC implementation in pharmaceutical industry for material flow management. Interscience Management Review, 2(3), 57-60., Bhote (1987)Bhote, K. R. (1987). SPC made easier, simpler, more statistically powerful. Target, 3(3), 12-20., Lim & Antony (2013)Lim, S. A. H., & Antony, J. (2013). A conceptual readiness framework for statistical process control (SPC) deployment. In Proceedimgs of the Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2013 IEEE International Conference (pp. 300-304), Bangkok. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962422
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962...
, Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Sharma & Kharub (2014)Sharma, R., & Kharub, M. (2014). Attaining competitive positioning through SPC: an experimental investigation from SME. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(4), 86-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-0050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-00...
. |
VA3- The SPC is applied to critical, functional and safety characteristics of products and processes (factor 6) |
Control charts should be applied to critical, functional and safety characteristics of products and processes |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Grigg & Walls (2007aGrigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007a). Developing statistical thinking for performance improvement in the food industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(4), 347-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740...
, bGrigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007b). The role of control charts in promoting organisational learning: New perspectives from a food industry study. The TQM Magazine, 19(1), 37-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544780710720826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544780710720...
), Hoerl & Snee (2010)Hoerl, R. W., & Snee, R. D. (2010). Closing the gap. Quality Progress, 43(5), 52-53., Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Montgomery (2014)Montgomery, D. C. (2014). Introdução ao controle estatístico da qualidade (4. ed.) Rio de Janeiro: Grupo Gen-LTC., Rohani et al. (2010)Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
, Sharma & Kharub (2014)Sharma, R., & Kharub, M. (2014). Attaining competitive positioning through SPC: an experimental investigation from SME. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(4), 86-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-0050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-00...
. |
VA4- Special causes are identified and removed when the process is out of control (factor 14) |
In case the process is out of control, the mechanisms that enable the operator to make adjustments whenever necessary should be adopted in order to bring the process back to stability |
Ahmed et al. (2012)Ahmed, A. F. T. A. B., Khan, I., & Ghosh, M. K. (2012). SPC implementation in pharmaceutical industry for material flow management. Interscience Management Review, 2(3), 57-60., Bhote (1987)Bhote, K. R. (1987). SPC made easier, simpler, more statistically powerful. Target, 3(3), 12-20., Lim & Antony (2013)Lim, S. A. H., & Antony, J. (2013). A conceptual readiness framework for statistical process control (SPC) deployment. In Proceedimgs of the Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2013 IEEE International Conference (pp. 300-304), Bangkok. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962422
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2013.6962...
, Mahanti & Evans (2012)Mahanti, R., & Evans, J. R. (2012). Critical success factors for implementing statistical process control in the software industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 19(3), 374-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635771211244...
, Sharma & Kharub (2014)Sharma, R., & Kharub, M. (2014). Attaining competitive positioning through SPC: an experimental investigation from SME. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(4), 86-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-0050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2013-00...
. |
Benefits |
VR1 - The SPC substantially increases customer satisfaction |
The consequences from customer satisfaction are more reliability on products, which positively affects the perception about the quality characteristics of products by customers |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Grigg & Walls (2007a)Grigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007a). Developing statistical thinking for performance improvement in the food industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(4), 347-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740...
, Putri & Yusof (2008)Putri, T. N., & Yusof, S. R. M. (2008). Critical success factors for implementing quality engineering (QE) in Malaysian’s and Indonesian’s automotive industries: a proposed model. International Journal of Automotive Industry and Management, (2), 1-15., Rohani et al. (2009Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. M., & Mohamad, I. (2009). The relationship between statistical process control critical success factors and performance: A structural equation modeling approach. In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (pp. 1352-1356), Hong Kong. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
, 2010Rohani, J. M., Yusof, S. R. M., & Mohamad, I. (2010). The development of a survey instrument for measuring a relationship between statistical process control success factors and performance. Jurnal Mekanikal, (30), 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373...
). |
VR2- The SPC enhances the ability to analyze and solve problems |
The SPC helps identifying and solving problems when it is applied according to a continuous improvement approach |
Caulcutt (1996)Caulcutt, R. (1996). Statistical process control (SPC). Assembly Automation, 16(4), 10-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610150972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445159610150...
, Mason & Antony (2000)Mason, B., & Antony, J. (2000). Statistical process control: an essential ingredient for improving service and manufacuring quality. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 10(4), 233-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341...
. |
VR3- The SPC helps reducing process variations |
The SPC allows displaying process variability and improving actions to reduce variability and to decrease special causes |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Antony & Taner (2003)Antony, J., & Taner, T. (2003). A conceptual framework for the effective implementation of statistical process control. Business Process Management Journal, 9(4), 473-489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484...
, Grigg & Walls (2007aGrigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007a). Developing statistical thinking for performance improvement in the food industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(4), 347-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740...
, bGrigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007b). The role of control charts in promoting organisational learning: New perspectives from a food industry study. The TQM Magazine, 19(1), 37-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544780710720826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544780710720...
), Hoerl & Snee (2010)Hoerl, R. W., & Snee, R. D. (2010). Closing the gap. Quality Progress, 43(5), 52-53., Lim et al. (2014)Lim, S. A. H., Antony, J., & Albliwi, S. (2014). Statistical Process Control (SPC) in the food industry: a systematic review and future research agenda. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 37(2), 137-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.03.010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.03...
, Mason & Antony (2000)Mason, B., & Antony, J. (2000). Statistical process control: an essential ingredient for improving service and manufacuring quality. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 10(4), 233-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341...
. |
VR4- The SPC use contributes to defect reduction and productivity gain |
The SPC provides improved conformation quality and product defect reduction in the field, as well as improves business productivity by reducing mistakes during manufacturing and production line shutdowns |
Antony et al. (2000)Antony, J., Balbontin, A., & Taner, T. (2000). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of statistical process control. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 49(6), 242-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020010343...
, Antony & Taner (2003)Antony, J., & Taner, T. (2003). A conceptual framework for the effective implementation of statistical process control. Business Process Management Journal, 9(4), 473-489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150310484...
, Grigg & Walls (2007a)Grigg, N., & Walls, L. (2007a). Developing statistical thinking for performance improvement in the food industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(4), 347-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710710740...
, Hoerl & Snee (2010)Hoerl, R. W., & Snee, R. D. (2010). Closing the gap. Quality Progress, 43(5), 52-53., Lim et al. (2014)Lim, S. A. H., Antony, J., & Albliwi, S. (2014). Statistical Process Control (SPC) in the food industry: a systematic review and future research agenda. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 37(2), 137-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.03.010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.03...
, Mason & Antony (2000)Mason, B., & Antony, J. (2000). Statistical process control: an essential ingredient for improving service and manufacuring quality. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 10(4), 233-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520010341...
. |