Oxygen introduction during extraction and the improvement of antioxidant activity of essential oils of basil, lemon and lemongrass

Introdução de oxigênio durante a extração e aumento da atividade antioxidante de óleos essenciais de manjericão, limão e capim-limão

ABSTRACT:

Essential oil extraction is commonly carried out by using the hydrodistillation method, which is described in official compendia of food quality control and medicinal plants. Despite the widespread use of this method, few studies have evaluated the effect of the atmosphere change during extraction on the composition and antioxidant activity of essentials oils. Therefore, a study of oxygen introduction influence during the extraction of essential oils from basil, lemongrass and lemon by hydrodistillation was performed. Total amount of oxygenated compounds (e.g., linalool, camphor, α-terpineol, neral, geranial, eugenol and α-muurolol) increased for all essential oils extracted under oxygen flow. Antioxidant activity evaluated by using the ORAC method significantly increased (P<0.0001) with oxygen from 618 to 906, 355 to 613 and 72 to 262µmol Trolox g^-1 oil for basil, lemongrass and lemon, respectively. Therefore, the simple modification proposed could be considered a suitable alternative to obtain essential oils with higher antioxidant activity.

Key words:
antioxidant activity; chromatography; ORAC; volatile oil