Duration of co-feeding on the Nishikigoi <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> larvae during weaning from live to inert food in an indoor system

Fosse, Paulo José; Mattos, Douglas da Cruz; Cardoso, Leonardo Demier; Radael, Marcella Costa; Filho, João Carlos Fosse; Vidal Júnior, Manuel Vazquez

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20170579

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 48 (4) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170579 copy

Duration of co-feeding on the Nishikigoi Cyprinus carpio larvae during weaning from live to inert food in an indoor system

Período de co-alimentação na transição alimentar de larvas de Nishikigoi Cyprinus carpio em sistema “in door”

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the co-feeding period (C) on the survival and growth of larvae of nishikigoi Cyprinus carpio, during the weaning period from live to inert food. A total of 1680 larvae with initial weight of 1.33 ± 0.12mg and initial length of 6.0 ± 0.33mm were used. The inert diet used was a commercial ration with 55% crude protein and the live food was the newly hatched nauplii of Artemia franciscana. The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. Treatments constituted of: a) LF = supply of live food throughout the experimental period; b) C4 = 6 days of live food + 4 days of co-feeding (inert diet and live food) + 16 days of inert diet; c) C8 = 6 days of live food + 8 days of co-feeding + 12 days of inert diet; d) C12 = 6 days of live food + 12 days of co-feeding + 8 days of inert diet; e) IF = supply with inert diet throughout the experimental period; and f) F = fasting. Our results showed that the co-feeding period influences the survival and growth of the larvae. Survival in the treatment with the longest co-feeding period showed an improvement of over 70% when compared to the shortest period. Further, we noted a doubling of the juvenile weight after 26 days of age. There was a quadratic effect for all parameters, with maximum points ranging between 19.4 and 22.6 days of supply of live food. We concluded that the supply of commercial feed as exclusive food is unworkable in nishikigoi larviculture.

Key words:
feeding; feed Intake; larval fish; ornamental fish

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: marcellacradael@gmail.com. ^*Corresponding author.

Treatments
Periods^*	LF	C₁₂	C₈	C₄	IF	F
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Weight (mg)------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 DAH	7.52 ± 0.65 A	7.47 ± 0.34 A	8.04 ± 0.83 A	8.48 ± 0.84 A	3.01 ± 0.15 B	1.38 ± 0.14 C
14 DAH	23.01 ± 1.33 B	26.65 ± 0.53 AB	28.61 ± 3.49 A	25.79 ± 4.10 AB	4.66 ± 0.25 C	1.82 ± 0.26 C
18 DAH	42.16 ± 3.31 B	56.42 ± 6.98 A	61.86 ± 8.07 A	39.53 ± 2.87 B	5.98 ± 1.13 C	-
22 DAH	76.56 ± 5.39 AB	94.40 ± 11.90 A	85.33 ± 18.67 A	51.64 ± 13.38 B	12.24 ± 3.30 C	-
30 DAH	161.72 ± 15.32 B	192.07 ± 12.82 A	158.93 ± 14.31 B	87.67 ± 12.93 C	-	-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Length (mm) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 DAH	9.50 ± 0.42 B	9.66 ± 0.11 AB	10.21 ± 0.23 A	9.93 ± 0.35 AB	7.97 ± 0.27 C	6.96 ± 0.20 D
14 DAH	13.98 ± 0.17 AB	14.15 ± 0.31 AB	14.58 ± 0.42 A	13.58 ± 0.32 B	8.55 ± 0.24 C	6.28 ± 0.10 D
18 DAH	15.92 ± 0.56 AB	16.55 ± 0.55 A	16.55 ± 0.46 A	15.22 ± 0.38 B	8.81 ± 0.34 C	-
22 DAH	18.54 ± 0.59 A	19.20 ± 0.51 A	17.87 ± 0.95 A	15.52 ± 1.32 B	10.35 ± 1.18 C	-
30 DAH	23.63 ± 0.93 A	22.71 ± 0.27 AB	21.50 ± 0.60 B	17.25 ± 0.88 C	-	-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Survival (%)------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 DAH	97.86 ± 1.84 A	97.86 ± 2.74 A	96.43 ± 5.41 A	96.43 ± 4.29 A	65.36 ± 7.68 B	81.79 ± 11.80 B
14 DAH	97.69 ± 1.99 A	97.69 ± 2.95 A	96.15 ± 5.82 A	95.77 ± 4.24 A	54.62 ± 7.59 B	6.54 ± 6.20 C
18 DAH	97.08 ± 2.10 A	97.5 ± 3.19 A	95.00 ± 5.61 A	89.17 ± 7.76 A	39.58 ± 8.32 B	0.83 ± 1.67 C
22 DAH	96.82 ± 2.29 A	96.82 ± 3.11 A	94.09 ± 6.01 A	55.91 ± 11.72 B	6.36 ± 4.81 C	0.00 ± 0.00 D
30 DAH	96.00 ± 2.83 A	94.00 ± 4.32 AB	82.00 ± 10.33 B	23.00 ± 9.02 C	0.00 ± 0.00 D	0.00± 0.00 D
----------------------------------------------------------------------SGR in weight (% day^-1) ----------------------------------------------------------------------
04 - 10 DAH	28.86 ± 1.42 A	28.78 ± 0.78 A	29.94 ± 1. 75 A	30.84 ± 1.66 A	13.60 ± 0.80 B	0.58 ± 1.73 C
10 - 14 DAH	27.99 ± 1.41 A	31.81 ± 1.44 A	31.71 ± 3.96 A	27.67 ± 1.65 B	10.96 ± 1.12 B	6.80 ± 4.46 B
14 - 18 DAH	15.12 ± 1.79 AB	18.61 ± 3.14 AB	19.26 ± 1.09 A	10.87 ± 4.17 BC	5.91 ± 3.68 C	-
18 - 22 DAH	14.93 ± 0.95 A	12.87 ± 4.24 A	7.78 ± 2.66 A	6.06 ± 6.30 A	17.54 ± 7.79 A	-
22 - 30 DAH	9.33 ± 0.81 A	8.93 ± 1.56 A	7.94 ± 1.89 A	6.85 ± 3.27 A	-	-
04 - 30 DAH	18.46 ± 0.36 A	19.13 ± 0.25 A	18.39 ± 0.35 A	16.09 ± 0.57 B	-	-
-----------------------------------------------------------------------SGR in length (% day^-1)-----------------------------------------------------------------------
4 - 10 DAH	7.64 ± 0.75 A	7.94 ± 0.19 A	8.86 ± 0.38 A	8.40 ± 0.59 A	4.73 ± 0.56 B	2.47 ± 0.49 C
10 - 14 DAH	9.69 ± 0.98 A	9.54 ± 0.67 A	8.89 ± 0.83 A	7.81 ± 0.43 A	1.74 ± 1.26 B	-2.57 ± 0.55 C
14 - 18 DAH	3.23 ± 0.90 A	3.90 ± 1.04 A	3.17 ± 0.72 A	2.86 ± 1.07 AB	0,.76 ± 1.46 B	-
18 - 22 DAH	3.81 ± 0.75 A	3.72 ± 1.07 A	1.90 ± 0.68 AB	0.42 ± 1.94 B	3.91 ± 2.63 A	-
22 - 30 DAH	3.03 ± 0.23 A	2.10 ± 0.37 AB	2.33 ± 0.76 AB	1.34 ± 0.59 B	-	-
4 - 30 DAH	5.27 ± 0.15 A	5.12 ± 0.05 AB	4.91 ± 0.11 B	4.06 ± 0.20 C	-	-