Seed germination and development of desert rose seedlings (<i>Adenium obesum</i> Roem. &amp; Schult) on different substrates

Santos, Carolina Amorim; Loureiro, Guilherme Amorim Homem de Abreu; Gomes Júnior, Gedeon Almeida; Pereira, Rafaela Alves; Sodré, George Andrade; Barbosa, Rafael Marani

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190691

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BIOLOGY • Cienc. Rural 50 (12) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190691 copy

Seed germination and development of desert rose seedlings (Adenium obesum Roem. & Schult) on different substrates

Germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento de mudas de rosa do deserto (Adenium obesum Roem. & Schult) em diferentes substratos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Desert rose (Adenium obesum) is a succulent plant that is native to the Arabian Peninsula. It has great commercial value with exuberant structure and flowering. It can be propagated by seeds to ensure maximum development of the caudex. Despite its high economic value, studies on its propagation are still required. The aim of this study was to evaluate seed germination performance and seedling development of desert rose seedlings in different substrates. Treatments comprised five different substrate compositions: S1 (Soil), S2 (Sand), S3 (Carolina Soil commercial substrate), S4 (Sand + Carolina Soil), and S5 (Soil+ Carolina Soil). The following were evaluated using uni- and multi-variate approaches: germination, first count, germination speed index, caudex diameter, number of leaves, seedling length, root length, shoot length, and fresh mass and dry mass. Sand is the ideal substrate for the germination of A. obesum seeds, while for forming seedlings, mixtures of the Carolina Soil commercial substrate with sand or soil should be used.

Key words:
Apocynaceae; propagation; main components; ornamental plants

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: calmorim@gmail.com. ^*Corresponding author

Treatament	G	FC	GSI
	%	%	-
S1 - Soil	37 b¹	33 b	0.42 b
S2 - Sand	63 a	50 a	0.66 a
S3 - Carolina	17 d	13 d	0.15 d
S4 - Soil + Carolina	27 c	23 c	0.30 c
S5 - Sand + Carolina	37 b	33 b	0.42 b
CV (%)	12.8	15.3	13.2

Treatament	CD	SL	APL	RL	NL	FM	DM
	------------------------------------- mm --------------------------------------					-------------------- g-------------------
S1 - Soil	8.7 e¹	72.6 d	32.2 c	40.4 c	10.5 b	1.7 c	0.07 d
S2 - Sand	12.7 a	86.3 c	26.1 d	60.4 b	10.3 b	0.9 d	0.05 e
S3 - Carolina	10.4 c	105.2 a	37.9 b	67.3 a	11.9 a	2.7 a	0.11 b
S4 - Soil + Carolina	10.9 b	98.7 b	42.1 a	56.6 b	10.8 b	2.9 a	0.13 a
S5 - Sand + Carolina	9.3 d	94.9 b	39.3 b	55.6 b	11.8 a	2.2 b	0.09 c
CV (%)	6.1	9.5	11.1	13.4	10.9	16.9	17.9

Variable	PC 1	PC 2
Germination	-0.95	0.23
First germination count	-0.95	0.10
Germination speed index	-0.95	0.13
Caudex diameter	-0.33	0.88
Seedling length	0.76	0.63
Aerial part shoot length	0.90	-0.15
Root length	0.39	0.90
Number of leaves	0.77	0.11
Fresh matter	0.97	-0.06
Dry matter	0.92	0.02