Plant density on yield of Husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) in field and greenhouse

Densidade vegetal no rendimento de tomate Husk (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) em campo e casa de vegetação

ABSTRACT:

Physalis ixocarpa Brot. (tomatillo or Husk tomato) is one of the five major vegetables cultivated in Mexico, but its yield in the field is low. However, greenhouse crops and the enhancement in plant density can promote an increase in yield per area. The aim of this research was to evaluate: yield, water consumption and water use efficiency of variety husk tomato ‘Diamante’. The experiment was conducted under field and greenhouse conditions, during the two crop cycles (autumn-winter and spring-summer), with different planting densities (1.5, 2 and 3 plants m^-2), in complete random blocks and three replications. The yield was influenced by the planting density and environments. In both environments, the planting density, with 3 plants m^-2 increased yield 32 %, and 25% in water use efficiency (WUE). In greenhouse increased 32% yield m^-2 and the WUE it was 18.1 kg m^-3 while in the field was 16.4 kg m^-3. Crop cycle spring-summer produced differences of 27% in plant length and 15% in stem diameter, probably due to the temperature that was 4 ºC higher with respect to autumn-winter.

Key words:
Diamond variety; horticultural crops; tomatillo; water use efficiency