Stimulus Equivalence and Increase of Correct Responses in
          Addition and Subtraction Problems

Henklain, Marcelo Henrique Oliveira; Carmo, João dos Santos

doi:10.1590/1982-43272356201309

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Articles • Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 23 (56) • Sep-Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272356201309 copy

Stimulus Equivalence and Increase of Correct Responses in Addition and Subtraction Problems¹ 1 Support: This study was supported by the National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Education (INCT-ECCE), through the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Call 15/2008), with the aid of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq N. 573972/2008-7) and the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP N. 2008/57705-8 and N. 2011/16925-8).

Equivalência de Estímulos e Aumento de Acertos na Solução de Problemas de Adição e Subtração

Equivalencia de Estímulos y Aumento de Aciertos en la Solución de Problemas de Suma y Resta

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

In order to propose interventions that increase correct responses, investigations search for properties of arithmetic problems that hinder its solution. This study assessed whether the formation of two sets of addition and subtraction equivalence classes reaches that goal. It also investigated the effect of training in balance-type problem solving and the teaching of algorithms. Eight second to fifth-grade elementary school students served as participants. After the formation of classes, all participants showed an average growth of 25% at post-test 1. Later, at the end of the training in balance-type problem solving, there was an average growth of 25% in post-test 2. In Generalization Test 1, all participants showed correct responses above 75%. After the teaching of algorithms, an average growth of 8% was detected in Post-test 3, and 100% correct answers in the reapplication of the test generalization. The procedures employed produced gains in solving arithmetic problems behavior.

stimulus equivalence; problem solving; mathematics

Participants	Tests	Operation		Form			Structure		Unknown			Mean

		Ad	Sub	NP	SP	WP	TF	CP	a	b	c
	Pre	61	56	100	44	44	56	33	38	58	79	58
FG	Post1	92	75	83	67	92	89	94	67	88	96	83
2 ^nd year	Post2	94	97	94	100	94	94	94	92	100	96	96
	Post3	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
	Pre	22	25	22	11	31	33	28	4	25	42	24
NV	Post1	61	67	78	89	44	72	17	50	58	83	64
2 ^nd year	Post2	94	89	94	83	94	100	89	83	96	96	92
	Post3	97	92	89	100	94	89	100	96	96	92	94
	Pre	56	28	67	28	36	44	28	33	33	58	42
AQ	Post1	78	75	94	100	56	78	33	75	67	88	76
3 ^rd year	Post2	92	89	78	94	94	100	89	83	96	92	90
	Post3	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
	Pre	44	50	44	44	50	50	50	17	58	67	47
GS	Post1	56	47	78	56	36	44	28	38	54	63	51
3 ^rd year	Post2	83	83	94	72	83	89	78	75	92	83	83
	Post3	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
	Pre	44	58	83	39	42	50	33	25	46	83	51
CB	Post1	56	53	78	67	36	33	39	21	54	88	54
3 ^rd year	Post2	78	89	100	78	78	83	72	63	92	96	83
	Post3	97	100	100	100	97	94	100	96	100	100	99
	Pre	42	44	78	22	36	50	22	38	38	54	43
MD	Post1	78	83	83	94	72	72	72	79	75	88	81
3 ^rd year	Post2	92	94	89	100	92	94	89	92	92	96	93
	Post3	100	97	100	100	97	100	94	96	100	100	99
	Pre	36	25	22	44	28	17	39	25	42	25	31
SP	Post1	58	36	56	50	42	39	44	42	42	58	47
5 ^th year	Post2	97	83	100	100	81	89	72	88	96	88	90
	Post3	97	92	100	89	94	94	94	88	96	100	94
	Pre	31	42	6	50	44	39	50	17	25	67	36
LP	Post1	86	69	78	83	75	89	61	75	75	83	78
5 ^th year	Post2	92	97	100	100	89	89	89	92	100	92	94
	Post3	100	97	94	100	100	100	100	100	100	96	99

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Av.Bandeirantes 3900 - Monte Alegre, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto - São Paulo - Brasil, Tel.: (55 16) 3315-3829 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: paideia@usp.br

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[1] 2 Correspondence address: Marcelo Henrique Oliveira Henklain. Center for Education and Human Sciences. Federal University of São Carlos. Rodovia Washington Luis (SP-310), 235 km. CEP 13565-905. São Carlos-SP, Brazil. E-mail: marcelo_henklain@hotmail.com