Children's Religious Coping Scale: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties1

Strelhow, Miriam Raquel Wachholz; Bedin, Livia Maria; Sarriera, Jorge Castellá

doi:10.1590/1982-43272766201713

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Articles • Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 27 (66) • Jan-Apr 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272766201713 copy

Children's Religious Coping Scale: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties¹ 1 Artigo derivado da dissertação de mestrado de Miriam Raquel Wachholz Strelhow sob a supervisão de Jorge Castellá Sarriera defendida em 2013, no Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Support: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq/ 133359/2011-5

Escala de Coping Religioso para Crianças: Adaptação e Propriedades Psicométricas

Escala de Afrontamiento Religioso para Niños: Adaptación y Propiedades Psicométricas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

Religious coping refers to the use of strategies related to religious faith in coping with stressful situations. This study presents the adaptation of the Children's Religious Coping scale (CRC) for Brazilian children and verifies its psychometric properties. Participants are 1,612 children (54.71% girls) between 8 and 13 years old (M = 10.19, SD = 1.47). Principal component and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the CRC was composed of two dimensions: Positive Religious Coping, with 17 items in three factors (Belief in God's support, Seeking the religious institution, Intercession), and Negative Religious Coping, consisting of 11 items in three factors (Dissatisfaction with God or others, Negative reappraisal of meaning, Punishing reappraisal). The instrument showed adequate reliability, multigroup confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the items factor weights are similar by sex. The scale showed good fit indices for this sample, demonstrating that it can be a promising instrument for future research.

Keywords:
stress; religiosity; psychometrics; factor analysis

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Av.Bandeirantes 3900 - Monte Alegre, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto - São Paulo - Brasil, Tel.: (55 16) 3315-3829 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: paideia@usp.br

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[1] Correspondence address: Miriam Raquel Wachholz Strelhow. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e da Personalidade. Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600. CEP 90035003. Porto Alegre-RS, Brasil. E-mail: raquelwch@gmail.com

	Component
	1	2	3
Factor 1: Belief in God's support
18. I think that God will help me get through it.	.861
22. I think about God always being with me.	.852
02. I think God is watching over me.	.795
15. I think about God very much.	.759
10. I try to see how God might be making me a better person.	.636
24. I try to get to know God better.	.615
20. I tell God to help me and He does it.	.596
12. I pray to God to take away my problems.	.588		.360
32. I think God is calming me.	.585
04. I thank God for the problem not being worse.	.563
06. I ask God to help me understand it.	.536		.363
01. I pray that God will make me feel better.	.436		.333
08. I talk with God and He tells me how to feel better.	.340	.344
17. I think about what my faith says about fixing problems.	.322		.317
Factor 2: Seeking the religious institution
03. I talk to the leader of my religion (for example, minister/priest/rabbi).		.789
26. I go to church/temple/synagogue.		.786
27. I read the holy book of my religion (for example, the Bible).		.767
Factor 3: Intercession
11. I ask others to pray for me.			.788
16. I think my family and friends are praying for me.			.638
21. I pray that I do not die.			.603
Reliability (Cronbach's alpha)	.92	.76	.64
Explained variance (%)	42.12	7.39	5.53

	Component
	1	2	3
Factor 1: Discontent with God or others
19. I stop believing in God.	.799
29. I think God does not love me.	.714
09. I get angry at God.	.631
25. I think God cannot help me.	.568
23. I think people at church/temple/synagogue blame me for it.	.422	.321
Factor 2: Negative reappraisal of meaning
05. I wonder why God lets this happen to me.		.793
07. I tell myself God tried to help me but it didn't work.		.684
13. I wonder if God is mad at me.		.588
14. I think that God gave some of us problems for a reason.		.514	.377
Factor 3: Punishing reappraisal
30. I think that evil (for example, the devil) did this to me.			.790
31. I think God did this because I was a bad person.			.739
28. I think that maybe God is punishing me.	.425		.429
Reliability (Cronbach's alpha)	.71	.64	.62
Explained variance (%)	31.84	10.77	9.23

	^_X2	df	p	TLI	CFI	RMSEA (C.I.)	SRMR
1. Model 1 with 32 items in two dimensions	2224.91	463	< .001	.811	.824	.067 (.065 - .070)	.079
2. Model 1 with 28 items in two dimensions	1779.51	349	< .001	.816	.830	.070 (.067 - .073)	.080
3. Model 1 with 28 items in two dimensions, and 14 covariances among errors	1025.19	335	< .001	.907	.918	.050 (.046 - .053)	.073
1. Model 2, with 32 items in six factors	1632.24	450	< .001	.870	.882	.056 (.053 - .059)	.064
2. Model 2, with 28 items in six factors	1250.00	336	< .001	.878	.891	.057 (.054 - .060)	.065
3. Model 2, with 28 items in six factors and six covariances among errors	904.05	332	< .001	.922	.932	.045 (.042 - .049)	.061

Item	Factor	Factor Loading
04	Belief in God's support	.660
06	.692
08	.695
10	.689
12	.754
15	.647
17	.662
18	.710
20	.704
22	.650
24	.639
03	Seeking the religious institution	.590
26	.574
27	.584
11	Intercession	.671
16	.684
21	.528
9	Discontent with God or others	.562
19	.531
23	.550
25	.577
29	.609
05	Negative reappraisal of meaning	.553
07	.585
13	.682
28	Punishing reappraisal	.739
30	.402
31	.588