Association of sociodemografic factors and sleep quality in brazilian university students

Araújo, Márcio Flávio Moura de; Lima, Adman Câmara Soares; Araújo, Thiago Moura de; Veras, Vivian Saraiva; Zanetti, Maria Lúcia; Damasceno, Marta Maria Coelho

doi:10.1590/S0104-07072014000100021

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm 23 (01) • Jan-Mar 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072014000100021 copy

Association of sociodemografic factors and sleep quality in brazilian university students¹ 1 Article selected from the thesis - Sleep quality among university students and their interaction with the metabolic syndrome and health indicators, presented to the Post-Graduate Program in Nursing of the Federal University of Ceará in 2012. Research Funded by CNPq throughout the Universal Bidding Announcement MCT/CNPq 14/2009, Case n. 474902/2009-9.

Relações entre fatores sociodemográficos e qualidade do sono em universitários brasileiros

Asociación entre factores sociodemográficos y calidad del sueño en estudiantes universitarios de brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The aim of this study was to analyze relationship between sociodemographic factors and poor sleep quality in Brazilian university students. Cross-sectional study, surveyed 701 students in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. We applied a questionnairre with sociodemographic questions and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We did not identify associations and/or statistically significant linear trends between sleep quality and sociodemographic analyzed factors. However, the analysis found that the relative risk in college aged > 31 years, in those who lived alone and with relatives (other than parents) there is greater vulnerability to poor sleep quality.

Sleep; Sleep disorders; Students

Sociodemographiccharacteristics	Total n (%)	Quality sleep		p value
Sociodemographiccharacteristics	Total n (%)	Good n (%)	Poor n (%)	p value
Gender
Male	262 (37.3)	10 (30.3)	252 (37.7)	0.390^*
Female	439 (62.7)	23 (69.7)	416 (62.2)	0.390^*
Age group
16 to 20	250 (42)	16 (48.4)	234 (50.3)	0.87†
21 to 25	283 (47.5)	16 (48.4)	267 (40.2)
26 to 30	42(7)	1 (3.0)	41 (6.1)
≥ 31	21(3.5)		21 (3.1)
Marital status
Married/wedded	42(6)	1 (3.0)	41 (6.1)
Single	648(93)	32 (96.9)	616 (92.7)
Widower	2(0.2)		2 (0.3)
Divorced	5(0.8)		5 (0.7)
Race
White	246(36)	9 (29.0)	237 (36.4)
Black	53(8)	4 (12.9)	49 (7.5)
Brown	345(50.5)	17 (54.8)	328 (50.3)
Pale	38(5.5)	1 (3.2)	37 (5.9)
Socioeconomic class
A	74	1 (3.0)	73 (10.9)	0.29†
B	277	11 (33.3)	266 (40)
C	277	16 (48.4)	261 (39.2)
D and E	70	5 (15.2)	65 (9.7)
Family monthly income
< U$ 290	24 (4)	2 (7.1)	22 (3.8)	0.93†
U$ 290-870	198(33.2)	5 (17.8)	193 (33.9)
U$ 1.450-1.160	140(23.6)	9 (32.1)	131 (23)
> U$ 1.160	234(39.2)	12 (42.8)	222 (39)
Employment situation
Only study	454(65.2)	20 (62.5)	434 (65.3)	0.436*
Study and work	242(34.8)	12 (15.0)	230 (34.5)	0.436*
Live with
Mother and/or father	494(71.2)	27 (81.8)	467 (70.6)
Alone	20(3)		20 (3.0)
Spouse	35(5)	1 (3.0)	34 (5.1)
Other Relatives	118(17)	3 (9.0)	115 (17.4)
Friends	27(3.8)	2 (6.0)	25 (3.7)

Index	Novice						Veteran
	Knowlegde area*						Knowlegde area
	1	2	3	4	5	6	1	2	3	4	5	6
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
PSQI
Good sleepers	7 (8,8)	4 (5,9)	3 (4,4)	4 (7,4)	3 (3,8)	2 (5,5)	3 (4,4)	2 (4)		2 (4,3)	2 (6,6)	1 (1,7)
Poor sleepers	69 (91,2)	63 (95,1)	65 (95,6)	50 (92,6)	97 (92,2)	34 (94,5)	64 (95,6)	47 (96)	44 (100)	44 (95,7)	28 (93,4)	58 (98,3)

Sociodemographic factors	Poor sleep groupn (%)	PR*	IC 95%*
Gender
Male	252 (96.2)	1.00	--
Female	416 (94.8)	0.98	0.95 - 1.02
Age group (years)
16 to 20	334 (95.4)	1.00	--
21 to 25	267 (94.4)	1.00	0.96 - 1.03
26 to 30	41 (97.6)	1.02	0.97 - 1.08
≥ 31	21 (100.0)	1.05	1.02 - 1.07
Marital status
Married /unmarried cohabitation	41 (97.6)	1.00	--
Single	616 (95.1)	0.98	0.91 - 1.04
Widower/Divorced	7 (100.0)	1.02	0.99 - 1.07
Race
White	237 (96.3)	1.00	--
Black + Brown	365 (95.3)	0.99	0.96 - 1.02
Pale	49 (92.4)	0.96	0.88 - 1.04
Socioeconomic class classification
A	73 (98.6)	1.00	--
B	266 (92.9)	0.97	0.94 - 1.01
C	261 (96.0)	0.96	0.92 - 1.00
D and E	65 (94.2)	0.94	0.87 - 1.01
Family monthly income(American dollars)
< U$ 290	22 (91.7)	0.96	0.85 - 1.09
U$ 290-870	193 (97.5)	1.03	1.00 - 1.07
U$ 1.450-1.160	131 (93.6)	0.99	0.94 - 1.04
> U$ 1.160	222 (94.9)	1.00	--
Working situation
Only study	434 (95.6)	1.00	--
Study and work informally	230 (93.6)	1.00	0.96 - 1.04
Leave with
Mother and/or father	467 (94.5)	1.00	--
Alone	20 (100.0)	1.05	1.03 - 1.08
Spouse	34 (97.1)	1.02	0.95 - 1.10
Parents	115 (97.5)	1.03	1.00 - 1.07
Friends	25 (92.6)	0.98	0.88 - 1.09

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

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[1] Correspondence: Márcio Flávio Moura de Araújo Rua Amazonas, 1359, 65901-520 - Centro, Imperatriz, MA, Brasil E-mail: marciofma@yahoo.com.br