Vallery et al.1616. Vallery LA, Roberts SA, Kitchener HC, Brabin L. Informing adolescents about human papillomavirus vaccination: What will parents allow? Vaccine. 2008 Mar; 26:2203-10. PubMed |
Develop and assess a short film for 11 and 12-year-old adolescents on HPV and cervical cancer before vaccination to be approved by adults. |
Methodological study in which students and parents helped to construct the movie, seven focus groups consisting of students, nurses and parents performed the assessment and, after giving their consent, the adolescents watched the movie and then answered a questionnaire. Evidence level=4. |
Video |
Elaboration of the movie HPV, what's that, Miss?. The assessment showed some taboos concerning sexuality by the parents and intention to take the vaccine by the students in the themes raised. With the parents' authorization, 814 seventh-year students watched the movie. The proportion of correct answers ranged between 62.4% and 97.2%. |
Thomas et al.1717. Thomas TL, Stephens DP, Blanchard B. Hip Hop, Health, and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV): Using Wireless Technology to Increase HPV Vaccination Uptake. J Nurses Practitioners. 2010 Jun; 6(6):464-70. CINAHL |
Determine whether messages for HPV vaccination could be successfully transmitted through wireless technology using the Hip Hop culture. |
Methodological study in which messages were developed based on a literature review and informal feedback from young Afro-descendants. Evidence level=4. |
Music and text message |
Text messages were created using a Hip Hop music file. These were easily sent and spontaneously accepted. The messages can be of use for health promotion campaigns and will be used in an intervention study. |
Smalley et al.1818. Smalley HK, Keskinocak P, Engineer FG, Pickering LK. Universal Tool for Vaccine Scheduling: Applications for Children and Adults. Interfaces. 2011 Set-Out; 41(5):436-54. Scopus |
Develop decision support tools through immunization programmers for the age range between 7 and 18 years in the United States, and for adolescents of up to 19 years old in Canada. |
Methodological tool in which each support tool developed used a dynamic programming algorithm to build recommended immunization calendars in an optimized manner, accelerating the scheduling and eliminating errors. Evidence level=4. |
Computer program |
The constructed tool consists of three components: A user interface, a vaccine library and a programmer. When the age and vaccine history are launched in the user interface, an intermediary file is created in a specific format. The programmer then accesses that file and the library and uses the dynamic programming algorithm to create individual immunization recommendations. |
Kepka et al.1919. Kepka DL, Rodriguez HP, Thompson B. Development of a radionovela to promote HPV vaccine awareness and knowledge among latino parents. Public Health Reports. 2012 Jan-Fev; 127:130-8. PubMed |
Develop a radio serial to promote awareness raising and knowledge about the HPV vaccine among Latin parents. |
Methodological study, in which 36 parents of girls between nine and 14 years of age participated in individual interviews that produced themes for the creation of photographic serials. Through three focus groups, 33 parents saw the photographic serials and opined on the most relevant serials to construct the radio serial. Evidence level=4. |
Photographic serial and radio serial |
The interviews produced four themes that served to construct photographic serials, in pamphlets that showed images and short dialogues. In the focus groups, the most familiar photographic serials were used to produce the radio serial. The last focus group listened to the material and informed that they liked the length and content and considered it a good health education strategy. |
Construction and use of technologies |
Tozzi et al.2020. Tozzi AE, Buonuomo PS, Atti MLC, Carloni E, Meloni M, Gamba F. Comparison of quality of internet pages on human papillomavirus immunization in Italian and in English. J Adolescent Health. 2010; 46:83-9. CINAHL |
Compare the quality between a sample of internet sites in Italian and a sample of sites in English. |
Quantitative, non-experimental study, in which five evaluators analyzed websites in Italian and English. The domains access, credibility, content and design were investigated. The scores were compared. Evidence level=4. |
Websites |
74 sites in Italian and 117 in English were found. The latter scored higher on access (p<0.01), credibility (p<0.01) and content (p<0.01). Sites from governmental agencies or universities scored higher on credibility, content and design. In total, 16.2% of the sites in Italian were against immunization for HPV, compared to 6% of the English websites (p<0.5). |
Chapman et al.2121. Chapman E, Venkat P, Ko E, Orezzoli JP, Carmen MD, Garner EIO. Use of multimedia as an educational tool to improve human papillomavirus vaccine acceptability - A pilot study. Gynecologic Oncology. 2010 Mai; 118:103-7. PubMed |
Determine, in a pilot study, whether the use of an video-based educational tool can influence the acceptance of the HPV vaccine. |
Quantitative, quasi-experimental study in which 186 mothers answered a questionnaire on knowledge and beliefs about HPV, sociodemographic data and acceptance of the vaccine, watched an eight-minute video and answered a post-video questionnaire. Evidence level=3. |
Video |
The acceptance of the vaccine increased from 66.7% to 78% after the presentation of the video (p=0.0014). Next, 94.1% (175) approved the vaccination at the age of nine years (p<0.0001). The perception that the vaccine promotes sex and whether the participants talk to their daughters about sex or not affected the acceptance of the vaccine. |
Kepka et al.2222. Kepka DL, Coronado GD, Rodriguez HP, Thompson B. Evaluation of a radionovela to promote HPV vaccine and knowledge among hispanic parents. J Community Health. 2011 Mar; 36:957-65. PubMed |
Assess the efficacy of a radio serial in Spanish as an educative tool. |
Quantitative, experimental study in which 88 parents of girls between nine and 17 years took a pretest. Forty-six of them listened to the radio serial (intervention group) and 42 listened to a prevention message for prostate cancer (control group). Next, they answered a post-test. Evidence level=2. |
Radio serial |
About the knowledge and beliefs on HPV, scores increased in the answers to seven items between the pre and post-test in the intervention group. When comparing the two groups, a significant increase was found in the number of correct answers in the intervention group on five items. The analysis of the beliefs and decision making showed an increase in two out of 10 items in the intervention group. |
Kharbanda et al.2323. Kharbanda EO, Stockwell MS, Fox HW, Andres R, Lara M, Rickert Vaughn. Text message reminders to promote human papillomavirus vaccination. Vaccine. 2011 Fev; 29:2537-41. Scopus |
Implementing and assessing a text message service to remind the parents when the daughters were apt for the next dose of the HPV vaccine. |
Quantitative, experimental study in which text messages were developed. Comparative analysis was developed between the group of 124 adolescents whose parents received the text messages (intervention group) and the control groups 1 and 2 (308 adolescents who did not receive the messages and 1,080 with two vaccination doses before the research, respectively). Evidence level=2. |
Text message |
The adolescents whose parents were enrolled to receive the text messages presented significantly higher results in relation to control group 1 within one month of the appropriate period to administer the dose (51.5% versus 35%), similarly to control group 2 (51.5% versus 38.1%). The increase was also observed when a four-month period beyond the recommended was assessed for the administration of the dose (64.5% versus 51.1% versus 52.9%). |
Merzouk et al.2424. Merzouk MD, Courtney P, Garrett-Albaugh S, Janoo J, Hobbs G, Vernon M. Knowledge of HPV in west virginia high school health students and the effects of an educational tool. J Pediatr Adolesc Gyinecol. 2011; 24:278-81. PubMed |
Assess the knowledge on HPV in students from West Virginia, create an educative video to be used as a supplement in health classes and determine whether an educative intervention increases the knowledge about the impact of HPV in their lives. |
Quantitative, experimental study in which 626 secondary-education students participated: 372 watched the classes with the educative video about HPV (intervention group) and 254 watched the traditional health education classes (control group). The students answered a pre and post-test with 11 true-and-false questions. The changes in the scores were compared between the two groups. Evidence level=2. |
Video |
The post-test scores of the intervention groups significantly increased in comparison with the scores in the control group (p<0.0001), from 71.14% to 81.48% in the first. About the knowledge, 74.60% answered that not all women with HPV can present cancer in the post-test. |
Krawczyk et al.2525. Krawczyk A, Lau E, Perez S, Delisle V, Amsel R, Rosberger Z. How to inform: comparing written and video education interventions to increase human papillomavirus knowledge and vaccination intentions in young adults. J American College Health. 2012 Mai-Jun; 60(4):316-21. PubMed |
Compare the efficacy of two educative interventions on HPV to increase the knowledge and vaccination intention among college students. |
Quantitative, experimental study in which 200 college students read a pamphlet about HPV (written intervention group) or watched a video about HPV and vaccine (video intervention group) or read a pamphlet about cancer prevention strategies in general (control group). The participants answered a questionnaire before and after each activity. Evidence level=2. |
Pamphlet and video |
The students' mean age was 20.4 years. The intervention groups with pamphlet and video obtained high knowledge scores compared to the control group. No significant difference was found between the intervention groups. Both the written and video intervention significantly increased the vaccination intent, without a significant difference in the control group. |
Humiston et al.2626. Humiston SG, Serwint JR, Szilagyi PG, Vincelli PA, Dhepyasuwan N, Rand CM, et al. Increasing adolescent immunization rates in primary care: strategies physicians use and would consider implementing. Clinical Pediatrics. 2013 Abr; 52(8):710-20. Scopus |
Assess physicians' experience with strategies to increase the immunization rates among adolescents and the perceived feasibility, sustainability and usability. |
Quantitative, non-experimental study, in which pediatricians and general clinicians from two health services were contacted to answer a form with 20 questions, focused on two recommended vaccine categories for adolescents (non-seasonal, including the HPV vaccine, and the influenza vaccine). Evidence level=4. |
Print and electronic material |
The response rate was 75.9% (148 out of 195 professionals). More than half of the practices informed were preventive visits by the nurse, medical education and visits for vaccination. One of the strategies cited in educative practice involving patients in the non-seasonal vaccine group was the use of printed resources (manuals for example) and electronic resources (such as videos, e-mails and websites), the latter with high rates. More than 40% informed taking interest in the use of these resources. |