Comparison between ability and performance: a study on the
               functionality of dependent elderly individuals

Machado, Flávia Nunes; Machado, Adriana Nunes; Soares, Sônia Maria

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.2682.2370

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 21 (06) • Nov-Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.2682.2370 copy

Comparison between ability and performance: a study on the functionality of dependent elderly individuals ¹ 1 Paper extracted from master's thesis "Capacity and performance for the realization of basic activities of daly living: a study about dependant elderly" presented to Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

OBJECTIVE:

to compare the ability and performance of Basic Activities of Daily Living of dependent elderly individuals cared for in a geriatric healthcare center.

METHOD:

cross-sectional, observational study with quantitative approach. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was applied in 109 elderly individuals cared for in a geriatric healthcare center. Of these, 60 individuals were classified as dependent in the case of basic activities of daily living described according to the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health (ICF). The process of triangulation reinforced reliability of data, which included information provided by patients and caregivers and that contained in medical files and objective assessment.

RESULTS:

the average age was 81.0±7.1 with a predominance of women. The difference between ability and performance was statistically significant (p<0.05) in most daily tasks.

CONCLUSION:

the contribution of this study in using ICF was semi-quantitatively interpreting its qualifiers, which enabled more objective comparisons and inferences, and revealed a clear distance between the performance and ability of these individuals in most of the assessed activities.

Aged; Health of the Elderly; Activities of Daily Living; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; Nursing

Description	Level of disability* (n %)
Description	0	1	2	3	4	8	9
Learning and application of knowledge
Problem solving	6.7	3.3	3.3	15	71.7	0	0
Tasks and general demands
Performance of daily routine	3.3	8.3	8.3	13.4	66.7	0	0
Communication
Communication: verbal reception	23.3	26.7	16.7	20	13.3	0	0
Communication: non-verbal reception	23.3	16.7	11.6	21.7	26.7	0	0
Speech	31.7	18.3	15	11.7	23.3	0	0
Production of non-verbal messages	26.7	13.3	8.3	13.3	38.4	0	0
Mobility
Standing unsupported	23.3	41.7	8.3	10	16.7	0	0
Transfer: bed/chair/wheelchair	31.7	38.3	6.7	5	18.3	0	0
Walking	15	26.6	21.7	20	16.7	0	0
Climbing/walking down stairs	6.7	18.3	23.3	16.7	33.3	1.7	0
Moving around the house	26.7	31.7	15	5	20	1.7	0
Personal care
Washing body parts	38.4	18.3	3.3	3.3	36.7	0	0
Washing the whole body	26.7	15	8.3	8.3	41.7	0	0
Drying off	26.7	15	6.7	5	46.6	0	0
Skin care	23.3	21.7	1.7	8.3	43.3	1.7	1.7
Dental care	33.3	10	1.7	1.7	30	0	23.3
Grooming	38.3	13.3	6.7	1.7	40	0	0
Bowel and bladder management	40	15	3.3	8.3	33.4	0	0
Dressing	23.4	13.3	10	8.3	45	0	0
Undressing	23.4	13.3	10	8.3	45	0	0
Putting on socks and shoes	21.7	16.7	5	5	51.6	0	0
Taking off socks and shoes	26.7	15	5	5	48.3	0	0
Choosing appropriate clothes	25	6.7	5	6.7	56.6	0	0
Eating	40	23.3	11.7	8.3	16.7	0	0
Drinking	45	26.7	8.3	6.7	13.3	0	0
Community, social and civic life
Community life	5.1	6.8	1.7	3.4	83	0	0
Informal associations	8.5	6.7	3.4	10.2	71.2	0	0
Socialization: visiting relatives and friends	8.3	6.7	11.7	11.7	61.6	0	0

Code Description	Average of differences	p-value
Learning and application of knowledge
Problem-solving	0.58	<0.001
General tasks and demands
Performance of daily routine	0.55	<0.001
Communication
Communication: verbal reception	0.05	0.180
Communication: non-verbal reception	0.11	0.102
Speech	0.18	0.026
Production of non-verbal messages	0.10	0.109
Mobility
Standing unsupported	0.13	0.046
Transfer: bed/chair/wheelchair	0.18	0.020
Walking	0.16	0.038
Climbing/walking down stairs	0.19	0.013
Moving around the house	0.22	0.016
Personal care
Washing body parts	0.68	<0.001
Washing the whole body	0.82	<0.001
Drying off	0.97	<0.001
Skin care	0.93	<0.001
Dental care	0.83	<0.001
Grooming	0.87	<0.001
Bowel and bladder management	0.33	0.002
Dressing	1.05	<0.001
Undressing	1.05	<0.001
Putting on socks and shoes	0.77	<0.001
Taking off socks and shoes	0.93	<0.001
Choosing appropriate clothes	0.95	<0.001
Eating	0.32	<0.001
Drinking	0.25	0.004
Community, social and civic life
Community life	1.12	<0.001
Informal associations	1.14	<0.001
Socialization: visit relatives and friends	1.28	<0.001

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding Author: Sônia Maria Soares Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Enfermagem Departamento de Enfermagem Básica Av. Alfredo Balena, 190 Bairro: Santa Efigênia CEP: 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil E-mail: smsoares.bhz@terra.com.br