Factors associated with the patient safety climate at a teaching hospital

an observational, sectional and quantitative study, conducted at a large public teaching hospital. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire was used, translated and validated for Brazil. Data analysis used the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences. In the bivariate analysis, we used Student's t-test, analysis of variance and Spearman's correlation of (α=0.05). To identify predictors for the safety climate scores, multiple linear regression was used, having the safety climate domain as the main outcome (α=0.01).

Results:

most participants were women, nursing staff, who worked in direct care to adult patients in critical areas, without a graduate degree and without any other employment. The average and median total score of the instrument corresponded to 61.8 (SD=13.7) and 63.3, respectively. The variable professional performance was found as a factor associated with the safety environment for the domain perception of service management and hospital management (p=0.01).

Conclusion:

the identification of factors associated with the safety environment permits the construction of strategies for safe practices in the hospitals.

Patient Safety; Safety Management; Health Personal

Variables	n	%
Sex
	Male	130	23.4
	Female	426	76.6
Professional categoryl
	Nursing team	401	76.6		72.1
	Medical team	52	9.4
	Other professionals	103	18.5
Main activity
	Adult	300	18.5		54.0
	Pediatric	105	18.9
	Both	151	27.2
Professional activity
	Care only	393	27.2		70.7
	Administrative only	15	2.7
	Both	121	21.8
	Not in direct contact with patient	27	4.9
Activity sector
	Critical area	287	4.9		51.5
	Semi-critical area	242	43.8
	Non-critical area	27	4.9
Length of experience in specialty
	Less than 6 months	6	4.9		1.1
	6 to 11 months	22	4.0
	1 to 2 years	67	12.1
	3 to 4 years	103	18.5
	5 to 10 years	134	24.1
	11 to 20 years	128	23.0
	21 years or more	96	17.3
Length of work at the institution
	Less than 6 months	6	17.3		1.1
	6 to 11 months	19	3.4
	1 to 2 years	56	10.1
	3 to 4 years	67	12.1
	5 to 10 years	155	27.9
	11 to 20 years	161	29.0
	21 years or more	92	16.5
Time since graduation
	Less than 6 months	1	16.5		0.2
	6 to 11 months	4	0.7
	1 to 2 years	30	5.4
	3 to 4 years	60	10.8
	5 to 10 years	148	26.6
	11 to 20 years	177	31.8
	21 years or more	136	24.5
Graduate program
	Yes	236	24.5		42.4
	No	320	57.6
Type of graduate program
	Lato sensu		57.6
		Specialization	203	36.5
	Stricto Sensu
		Master's	27	36.5	4.9
		Doctorate	9	1.6
		Post-doctorate	1	0.2
		Does not apply	316	56.8
Other job contract
	Yes	162	316		29.1
	No	394	70.9

Score	Mean	Median	Min-Max Value	Standard Deviation
General	61.8	63.3	10.9	95.7	13.7
Domain 1- Teamwork climate	68.3	70.8	4.17	100	19.0
Domain 2- Safety climate	63.5	67.8	7.1	100	18.2
Domain 3- Satisfaction at work	80.5	85.0	0	100	17.7
Domain 4- Perceived stress	64.9	68.7	0	100	27.2
Domain 5- Perception of unit and hospital management	52.4	52.3	0	100	19.5
Domain 6- Work conditions	53.5	50.0	0	100	26.3

Variables	General Score	Score Dom. 1- Safety climate in team	Score Dom. 2- Safety climate	Score Dom.3- Satisfaction at work	Score Dom. 4- Perceived stress	Score Dom. 5- Perception of unit and hospital management	Score Dom. 6- Work conditions
Variables	β*	P ^†	β*	P ^†	β*	P ^†	β*	P ^†	β*	P ^†	β*	P ^†	β*	P ^†
Professional activity	-0.07	0.07	-0.06	0.13	-0.01	0.78	-0.03	0.39	0.05	0.23	-0.10	0.01	-0.04	0.25
Nursing team	-0.05	0.25	0.04	0.38	0.00	0.94	-0.05	0.26	-0.09	0.07	-0.06	0.23	-0.08	0.11
Medical team	0.06	0.21	0.09	0.06	-0.01	0.76	-0.01	0.83	0.02	0.69	-0.06	0.23	-0.08	0.11
Length of experience	0.03	0.51	0.00	0.91	0.02	0.73	-0.03	0.53	0.01	0.75	0.05	0.36	0.07	0.22
Length of work at institution	0.05	0.37	-0.09	0.13	-0.04	0.41	0.10	0.09	0.07	0.20	-0.03	0.55	-0.10	0.08

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding Author: Maria Helena Barbosa Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Av. Getúlio Guaritá, 107 Bairro: Abadia CEP: 38025-440, Uberaba, MG, Brasil E-mail: mhelena331@hotmail.com,mhelena@enfermagem.uftm.edu.br