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Factors associated with acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae1 1 Paper extracted from Master’s Thesis “Enterobactérias resistentes aos carbapenêmicos em dois hospitais da área metropolitana de Vitória-ES e seus fatores associados”, presented to Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to identify possible risk factors for acquisition of Enterobacterial strains with a marker for resistance to carbapenems.

Methods:

exploratory case-control study performed in hospital settings. The study sample consisted of patients with biological specimens that tested positive for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (cases), with the disk diffusion test and Etest, and controls with biological samples testing negative for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. In all, 65 patients were included: 13 (20%) cases and 52 (80%) controls.

Results:

the microorganisms isolated were Serratia marcescens (6), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4), and Enterobacter cloacae (3). Univariate analysis revealed that length of hospitalization prior to sample collection (p=0.002) and having a surgical procedure (p=0.006) were statistically significant. In the multivariable logistic regression model, both were still significant, with odds ratios of 0.93 (p = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.89 to 0.98) for length of hospitalization prior to sample collection, and 9.28 (p = 0.05; 95% CI: 1.01 to 85.14) for having a surgical procedure.

Conclusion:

shorter hospitalization times and increased surveillance of patients undergoing surgery could play a decisive role in reducing the spread of carbapenem-resistant microorganisms in hospital settings.

Descriptors:
Enterobacteriaceae; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Risk Factors; Epidemiology; Dissemination of Resistance; Hospital Environment

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