Coping strategies of people living with AIDS in face of the disease

to identify the coping strategies of people living with aids to face the disease and analyze them according to sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables.

Method:

this is a cross-sectional quantitative study. The sample consisted of 331 people living with aids treated at an outpatient clinic at a referral hospital for treatment of aids. The Coping Strategies Inventory was used to collect the data.

Results:

emotion-focused coping modes were more frequently mentioned. The mean scores of women, workers, religious people, and people who never withdrew from the treatment were higher for all factors. Patients who had a partner, who lived with family members and who received treatment support, had higher mean scores in coping, withdrawal and social support factors. As for leisure and the practice of physical exercises, the emotion-focused modes also predominated. A correlation was identified between treatment time, schooling, family income and the factors of the Coping Strategies Inventory of.

Conclusion:

the study showed that the most frequent coping modes were those focused on emotion.

Descriptors:
Adaptation Psychological; Mental Health; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; HIV; Nursing Care; Psychiatric Nursing.

Authorship

Rafael Tavares Silveira Silva

MSc, Coordinator of the undergraduate course in nursing, Faculdade Evolução Alto Oeste Potiguar, Pau dos Ferros, RN, Brazil.Faculdade Evolução Alto Oeste PotiguarBrazilPau dos Ferros, RN, Brazil MSc, Coordinator of the undergraduate course in nursing, Faculdade Evolução Alto Oeste Potiguar, Pau dos Ferros, RN, Brazil.

Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva

PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteBrazilNatal, RN, Brazil PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Iellen Dantas Campos Verdes Rodrigues

PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de SergipeBrazilLagarto, SE, Brazil PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil

Vinicius Lino de Souza Neto

MSc, Substitute Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteBrazilNatal, RN, Brazil MSc, Substitute Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Bárbara Coeli Oliveira da Silva

Doctoral Student, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. Substitute Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteBrazilNatal, RN, Brazil Doctoral Student, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. Substitute Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Francisca Marta de Lima Costa Souza

Doctoral Student, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. RN, Maternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteBrazilNatal, RN, Brazil Doctoral Student, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. RN, Maternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Maternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, BrazilMaternidade Professor Leide MoraisBrazilNatal, RN, BrazilMaternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, Brazil

Corresponding Author: Ana Regina Noto Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Departamento de Psicobiologia Rua Botucatu, 862 Vila Clementino CEP: 04023-062, São Paulo, SP, Brasil E-mail: arnpsicobio@gmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Maternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, BrazilMaternidade Professor Leide MoraisBrazilNatal, RN, BrazilMaternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, Brazil

Tables

Tables (5)

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Table 1
Mean scores of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors applied to people living with AIDS. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

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Table 2
Comparison scores of the means of the factors of Coping Strategies Inventory applied to people living with AIDS, according to sociodemographic variables. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

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Table 3
Comparison scores of the means of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors applied to people living with aids according to clinical variables. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

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Table 4
Comparison scores of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors applied to people living with aids according to life habits. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

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Table 5
Correlation between the Coping Strategies Inventory factors and the time of treatment, schooling and monthly family income in people living with aids.

Table 1 Mean scores of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors applied to people living with AIDS. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

Factors (number of items)	Mean score	Standard deviation	Median	(Cronbach’ alpha)
Confrontation (6)*	0.80	0.66	0.70	0.84
Withdrawal (7)^†	1.06	0.70	1.06	0.86
Self-control (5)^‡	1.27	0.61	1.27	0.80
Social support (6)^*	1.31	0.69	1.24	0.86
Responsibility acceptance(7)^†	1.14	0.74	1.06	0.81
Escape-avoidance (2)^§	1.78	0.93	1.67	0.82
Problem solving (4)^\|\|	1.80	0.96	1.74	0.91
Positive reappraisal (9)^¶	1.86	0.84	1.78	0.95

* (6) - 6 items, †(7) - 7 items, ‡(5) - 5 items, §(2) - 2 items, ||(4) - 4 itens, ¶(9) - 9 items.

Table 2 Comparison scores of the means of the factors of Coping Strategies Inventory applied to people living with AIDS, according to sociodemographic variables. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

Sociodemographic variables	Comparison scores of the means of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors
Sociodemographic variables	Confrontation	withdrawal	Self-control	Social support	Responsibility acceptance	Escape-avoidance	Problem solving	Positive reappraisal
Gender
Male	0.70	1.58	1.82	2.09	1.74	2.13	2.12	2.23
Female	0.80*	1.67*	1.94*	2.13	1.80*	2.27*	2.33	2.42*
Age group
18-59	0.75	1.55	1.94	2.13	1.80	2.14	2.33	2.42
> 60	0.86	1.62*	1.81*	2.07	1.72	2.27	2.21	2.22*
Paid work
Yes	0.89*	1.62*	1.94*	2.13	1.80*	2.27*	2.33	2.42*
No	0.73	1.54	1.83	2.07	1.70	2.18	2.23	2.31
Partner
Yes	0.83*	1.62*	1.88	2.13*	1.70	2.24	2.27	2.35
No	0.72	1.52	1.92	2.05	1.78	2.26	2.31	2.41
People in the household
Lives alone	0.71	1.52	1.84	2.09	1.74	2.17	2.20	2.42
With family	0.80*	1.60*	1.93*	2.12	1.80*	2.25*	2.33*	2.37
Treatment support
Yes	0.86	1.62*	1.94	2.13	1.80*	2.27	2.33*	2.42*
No	0.74	1.54	1.85	2.07	1.72	2.20	2.21	2.34
Religion
Yes	0.87	1.62*	1.94*	2.13	1.80	2.27	2.33	2.42*
No	0.73	1.52	1.85	2.10	1.74	2.12	2.11	2.28

* Statistically significant scores at p < 0.006.

Table 3 Comparison scores of the means of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors applied to people living with aids according to clinical variables. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

Clinical variables	Comparison scores of the means of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors
Clinical variables	Confrontation	withdrawal	self-control	Social support	Responsibility acceptance	Escape-avoidance	Problem solving	Positive reappraisal
Comorbidity
Yes	0.71	1.51	1.86	2.09	1.74	2.26	2.28	2.32
No	0.89	1.60	1.90	2.02	1.79	2.20	2.12	2.40
CD4
< 200 cell/mm³	0.71	1.60	1.94	2.04	1.75	2.27	2.30	2.40
> 200 cell/mm³	0.89	1.56	1.83	2.13	1.80	2.07	2.28	2.31
Treatment abandoned
Yes	0.72	1.56	1.84	2.08	1.72	2.18	2.21	2.31
No	0.88	1.62	1.94	2.13*	1.80*	2.27*	2.33	2.42

* Statistically significant scores at p < 0.006.

Table 4 Comparison scores of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors applied to people living with aids according to life habits. Natal, RN, Brazil, 2015

Lifestyle variables	Comparison scores of the means of the Coping Strategies Inventory factors
Lifestyle variables	Confrontation	Withdrawal	Self-control	Social support	Responsibility acceptance	Escape-avoidance	Problem solving	Positive reappraisal
Recreation
Yes	0.84	1.62	1.86*	2.03*	1.68*	2.26*	2.26*	2.40*
No	0.76	1.54	1.90	2.11	1.79	2.19	2.32	2.47
Practice of physical activity
Yes	0.88	1.61	1.92*	2.11*	1.78*	2.26*	2.33*	2.38*
No	0.72	1.57	1.81	2.04	1.71	2.18	2.25	2.41

* Statistically significant scores at p < 0.006.

Table 5 Correlation between the Coping Strategies Inventory factors and the time of treatment, schooling and monthly family income in people living with aids.

Spearman correlation Coping Strategies Inventory factors
Variables	Confrontation		Withdrawal		Self-control		Social support		Responsibility acceptance		Escape-avoidance		Problem solving		Positive reappraisal
	r*	p^†	r*	p^†	r*	p^†	r*	p^†	r*	p^†	r*	p^†	r*	p^†	r*	p^†
Treatment time in months	0.239	0.005^‡	0.126	0.005^‡	0.213	0.052	0.024	0.044	0.275	0.001^‡	0.342	0.005^‡	0.262	0.035	0.122	0.094
Schooling (years)	0.275	0.003^‡	0.225	0.002^‡	0.263	0.623	0.115	0.065	0.268	0.003^‡	0.286	0.003^‡	0.431	0.068	0.068	0.163
Monthly family income (MW)	0.315	0.004^‡	0.284	0.004^‡	0.245	0.008	0.305	0.071	0.342	0.004^‡	0.362	0.001^‡	0.487	0.023	0.142	0.254

* r - correlation value, †p - p value, ‡Statistically significant scores for p < 0.006.

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10.1590/1518-8345.0000.3038

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Coping strategies of people living with AIDS in face of the disease

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[1] Corresponding Author: Ana Regina Noto Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Departamento de Psicobiologia Rua Botucatu, 862 Vila Clementino CEP: 04023-062, São Paulo, SP, Brasil E-mail: arnpsicobio@gmail.com