Predictors of well-being and quality of life in men who underwent radical prostatectomy: longitudinal study

Romanzini, Adilson Edson; Pereira, Maria da Graça; Guilherme, Caroline; Cologna, Adauto José; Carvalho, Emilia Campos de

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.2601.3031

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 26 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.2601.3031 copy

Predictors of well-being and quality of life in men who underwent radical prostatectomy: longitudinal study¹ 1 Paper extracted from doctoral dissertation “Surgical recovery process in patients submitted to radical prostatectomy: longitudinal study of sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables”, presented to Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Process #142167/2014-2, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to identify socio-demographic, clinical and psychological predictors of well-being and quality of life in men who underwent radical prostatectomy, in a 360-day follow-up.

Method:

longitudinal study with 120 men who underwent radical prostatectomy. Questionnaires were used for characterization and clinical evaluation of the participant, as well as the instruments Visual Analog Scale for Pain, The Ways of Coping Questionnaire, Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale, Satisfaction with Social Support Scale, Marital Satisfaction Scale, Subjective Well-Being Scale and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index. For data analysis, the linear mixed-effects model was used.

Results:

the socio-demographic factors age and race were not predictors of the dependent variables; time of surgery, problem-focused coping, and anxiety were predictors of subjective well-being; pain, anxiety and depression were negative predictors of quality of life; emotion-focused coping was a positive predictor. Marital dissatisfaction was a predictor of both variables.

Conclusion:

predictor variables found were different from the literature: desire for changes in marital relationship presented a positive association with quality of life and well-being; emotion-focused coping was a predictor of quality of life; and anxiety was a predictor of subjective well-being.

Descriptors:
Prostatectomy; Quality of Life; Well-Being; Medical-Surgical Nursing; Postoperative Care; Prostatic Neoplasms

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding Author: Emilia Campos de Carvalho Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre CEP: 14040-902, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil E-mail: ecdcava@eerp.usp.br

Variable	T0*	T1^†	T2^‡	T3^§	T4^\|\|
Variable	M^¶ (SD**)	M^¶ (SD**)	M^¶ (SD**)	M^¶ (SD**)	M^¶ (SD**)
Pain	120	112	83	59	36
Pain	0.6(1.67)	2.4(2.7)	1.7(2.5)	1.0(2.1)	0.8(1.6)
Problem-focused coping	120	112	83	59	36
Problem-focused coping	1.6(0.5)	1.5(0.6)	1.6(0.6)	1.5(0.6)	1.2(0.7)
Emotion-focused coping	120	112	83	59	36
Emotion-focused coping	1.2(0.6)	1.2(0.7)	1.3(0.7)	1.2(0.8)	1.4(0.6)
Psychological Morbidity	120	112	83	59	36
Psychological Morbidity	10.1(5.7)	8.6(5.3)	9.2(6.5)	8.3(6.0)	8.8(6.2)
Anxiety Score	120	112	83	59	36
Anxiety Score	6.0(3.5)	5.0(3.5)	5.0(3.5)	4.4(3.6)	4.6(3.5)
Depression Score	120	112	83	59	36
Depression Score	4.1(3.2)	3.5(2.7)	4.2(3.7)	3.8(3.1)	4.1(3.3)
Satisfaction with Social Support	120	112	83	59	36
Satisfaction with Social Support	3.8(0.6)	3.8(0.5)	3.8(0.5)	3.9(0.6)	3.8(0.6)
Marital Satisfaction	108	102	71	59	36
Marital Satisfaction	1.7(0.5)	1.7(0.5)	1.8(0.6)	1.7(0.6)	1.9(0.5)
Subjective Well-Being	120	110	83	59	36
Subjective Well-Being	2.7(0.5)	2.7(0.5)	2.6(0.4)	2.6(0.4)	2.5(0.5)
Quality of life	120	110	83	59	36
Quality of life	81.8(11.1)	70.2(8.6)	68.6(9.5)	69.6(12.0)	74.5(11.7)
Urinary Function	120	110	83	59	36
Urinary Function	89.5(13.4)	75.2(15.4)	69.7(16.6)	77.6(18.9)	83.1(14.1)
Intestinal Habits	120	110	83	59	36
Intestinal Habits	92.2(10.9)	88.6(9.9)	92.5(9.7)	92.1(11.7)	94.4(11.9)
Sexual Function	120	110	83	59	36
Sexual Function	57.0(22.6)	29.0(12.4)	23.9(17.8)	23.4(19.4)	32.9(24.9)
Hormonal Function	120	110	83	59	36
Hormonal Function	89.2(14.6)	90.2(12.4)	90.1(11.3)	86.7(17.7)	89.1(12.0)

Fixed Effects	Initial Model			Final Model			95% CI^†
Fixed Effects	β*	Standard error	p-value	β*	Standard error	p-value
(Intercept)	0.713	0.216	0.001	0.810	0.036	0.000	2.094-2.414
Age	0.000	0.001	0.913
Black Ethnicity	0.022	0.036	0.548
Mixed Ethnicity	-0.002	0.037	0.950
Time of Surgery	-0.191	0.732	0.794	0.183	0.260	0.482	0.721-1.999
Time of Surgery 2^‡	0.573	0.032	0.030	0.865	0.253	0.000	1.444-3.907
Duration of anesthesia	0.027	0.032	0.390
Pain	-0.002	0.003	0.413
Problem-focused coping	0.053	0.025	0.038	0.058	0.014	0.000	1.028-1.090
Emotion-focused coping	0.004	0.023	0.843
Anxiety	0.006	0.002	0.022	0.006	0.002	0.007	1.001-1.011
Depression	0.001	0.003	0.728
Satisfaction with Social Support	-0.013	0.015	0.387
Marital Satisfaction	0.037	0.015	0.015	0.037	0.014	0.010	1.009-1.068

Fixed Effects	Initial Model			Final Model			95% CI^†
Fixed Effects	β*	Standard Error	p-value	β*	Standard Error	p-value
(Intercept)	4.369	0.118	0.000	4.441	0.016	0.000	82.175-87.679
Age	0.000	0.001	0.886
Black Ethnicity	-0.017	0.028	0.537
Mixed Ethnicity	0.006	0.028	0.814
Time of Surgery	0.028	0.029	0.338
Duration of Anesthesia	-0.022	0.024	0.371
Pain	-0.013	0.003	0.000	-0.014	0.002	0.000	0.979-0.991
Problem-focused Coping	0.272	0.254	0.284
Problem-focused Coping 2^‡	0.023	0.186	0.898
Emotion-focused Coping	-0.319	0.273	0.243	-0.149	0.155	0.336	0.635-1.167
Emotion-focused Coping 2^‡	0.399	0.187	0.033	0.341	0.136	0.013	1.076-1.839
Anxiety	-0.513	0.168	0.002	-0.472	0.164	0.004	0.452-0.860
Anxiety 2^‡	-0.436	0.130	0.001	-0.425	0.132	0.001	0.503-0.847
Depression	-0.005	0.002	0.047	-0.006	0.002	0.009	0.988-0.998
Satisfaction with Social Support	0.010	0.013	0.432
Marital Satisfaction	-0.054	0.148	0.712	-0.061	0.147	0.676	0.703-1.255
Marital Satisfaction 2^‡	0.294	0.140	0.037	0.330	0.139	0.018	1.058-1.829