Geography and public health in Brazil

Abstract

This article analyzes the importance of Geography for research in Public Health in Brazil. Through a bibliographical narrative review, the author describes the key topics addressed, grouping the selected articles of the most important Brazilian journals in Public Health - Revista de Saúde Pública, Cadernos de Saúde Pública e Saúde e Sociedade - by geographical approaches. It also discusses the progress achieved, as well as the theoretical and methodological challenges of Public Health based on geographical knowledge. The importance of health geoprocessing for spatial distribution studies was observed, especially those on infectious and parasitic diseases. Similarly, it was possible to identify the growth of the scientific production in studies based on critical thinking, especially recent publications in Saúde e Sociedade. The comparison of published works also provided the identification of methodological challenges to be faced for the study of Public Health with an even better basis of geographical knowledge, such as the use of predictive models and trend surface analysis, as well as the development of new cartographic tools to understand social reality in transformation and movement.

Keywords:
Geography; Epistemology; Public Health; Geographical Space; Spatial Analysis