Sisal fibers |
Alkali, peroxide and HNO3/HAc treatments |
12.8-31 |
Morán et al.[2626 Morán, J. I., Alvarez, V. A., Cyras, V. P., & Vázquez, A. (2008). Extraction of cellulose and preparation of nanocellulose from sisal fibers. Cellulose , 15(1), 149-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-9145-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-91...
]
|
Coconut palm leaf sheath |
Chlorination, alkali and HNO3/HAc treatments |
10-15 |
Uma Maheswari et al.[2222 Uma Maheswari, C., Obi Reddy, K., Muzenda, E., Guduri, B. R., & Varada Rajulu, A. (2012). Extraction and characterization of cellulose microfibrils from agricultural residue – Cocos nucifera L. Biomass and Bioenergy, 46, 555-563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.06.039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.20...
]
|
Soy hull |
Alkali treatment and HCl Acid hydrolysis |
10-15 |
Alemdar and Sain[2525 Alemdar, A., & Sain, M. (2008). Isolation and characterization of nanofibers from agricultural residues–Wheat straw and soy hulls. Bioresource Technology , 99(6), 1664-1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.029. PMid:17566731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.20...
]
|
Wheat straw |
Alkali treatment and HCl Acid hydrolysis |
10-15 |
Alemdar and Sain[2525 Alemdar, A., & Sain, M. (2008). Isolation and characterization of nanofibers from agricultural residues–Wheat straw and soy hulls. Bioresource Technology , 99(6), 1664-1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.029. PMid:17566731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.20...
]
|
Agave fibers |
Chlorination, alkali and HNO3/HAc treatments |
8-14 |
Reddy et al.[2424 Reddy, K. O., Zhang, J., Zhang, J., & Rajulu, A. V. (2014). Preparation and properties of self-reinforced cellulose composite films from Agave microfibrils using an ionic liquid. Carbohydrate Polymers, 114, 537-545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.054. PMid:25263924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.201...
]
|
Hibiscus sabdariffa |
Steam explosion and oxalic acid hydrolysis |
10.04 |
Sonia and Priya Dasan[2727 Sonia, A., & Priya Dasan, K. (2013). Chemical, morphology and thermal evaluation of cellulose microfibers obtained from Hibiscus sabdariffa. Carbohydrate Polymers, 92(1), 668-674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.09.015. PMid:23218352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.201...
]
|
Sisal fibers |
Chlorination and alkali treatments |
7-11.2 |
Morán et al.[2626 Morán, J. I., Alvarez, V. A., Cyras, V. P., & Vázquez, A. (2008). Extraction of cellulose and preparation of nanocellulose from sisal fibers. Cellulose , 15(1), 149-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-9145-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-91...
]
|
Cotton |
Sulfuric acid hydrolysis |
5-10 |
Chatterjee et al.[4444 Chatterjee, A., Kiran Kumar, G., Dharma Sagar, B., Sravanti, K., Ramakrishna, K., & Rajesh, C. (2018). Pure and copper doped cellulose microfibers-a case study. Materials Research Express, 5(10), 105302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aad9d4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aad...
]
|
Sugarcane bagasse |
Nitric acid hydrolysis |
5-10 |
Jonjankiat et al.[2323 Jonjankiat, S., Wittaya, T., & Sridach, W. (2011). Improvement of poly (vinyl alcohol) adhesives with cellulose microfibre from sugarcane bagasse. Iranian Polymer Journal , 20(4), 305-317. ]
|
Palmyra palm fruit |
Chlorination, alkali and HNO3/HAc treatments |
4-11 |
Reddy et al.[2828 Reddy, K. O., Maheswari, C. U., Dhlamini, M. S., & Kommula, V. P. (2016). Exploration on the characteristics of cellulose microfibers from Palmyra palm fruits. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 21(4), 286-295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023666X.2016.1147799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023666X.2016...
]
|
Napier grass fibers |
Chlorination, alkali and HNO3/HAc treatments |
8.3 |
Reddy et al.[2929 Reddy, K. O., Maheswari, C. U., Dhlamini, M. S., Mothudi, B. M., Kommula, V. P., Zhang, J., Zhang, J., & Rajulu, A. V. (2018). Extraction and characterization of cellulose single fibers from native african napier grass. Carbohydrate Polymers, 188, 85-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.110. PMid:29525176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.201...
]
|
Retama Raetam Stems |
Alkali and alkaline peroxide treatments |
6-7 |
This work |
Jatropha Curcus L seed shell |
Chlorination, alkali and HNO3/HAc treatments |
0.23-1.04 |
Puttaswamy et al.[4545 Puttaswamy, M., Srinikethan, G., & Shetty, K. V. (2017). Biocomposite composed of PVA reinforced with cellulose microfibers isolated from biofuel industrial dissipate: Jatropha Curcus L. seed shell. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering , 5(2), 1990-1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.04.004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.0...
]
|