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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 66 (1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.1.67 copy

Association between changes in body fat distribution, biochemical profile, time of HIV diagnosis, and antiretroviral treatment in adults living with and without virus infection

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVES

Individuals living with HIV seem to be more prone to changes in the redistribution of body fat, characterized as lipodystrophy, which may occur in conjunction with metabolic diseases. In the present study, such impacts were assessed in adults with and without HIV and associated with the time of virus diagnosis and treatment with antiretroviral.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study with 123 adults, in which 87 had HIV and 36 without HIV, of both sexes, in outpatient follow-up at the Specialized Care Service (SAE) in Macaé-RJ. The following were made: 1) Alteration in body fat distribution, measured by anthropometric parameters and self-reported lipodystrophy; 2) Biochemical profile; 3) Association between HIV diagnosis time and antiretroviral treatment.

RESULTS

54.47% (n = 67) males, 45.52% (n = 56) females, mean age 37 years. Of these 87 were people living with HIV, 29% (n = 25) had self-reported lipodystrophy, mean time of virus infection, and antiretroviral treatment (5.80 ± 4.56 and 5.14 ± 3.82 years), respectively. Patients with self-reported lipodystrophy had a greater change in body fat distribution between 3-6 years of HIV diagnosis and a negative cholesterol profile. The antiretroviral treatment time influenced total cholesterol and triglycerides, even for patients without self-reported lipodystrophy, with a further nine years under treatment.

CONCLUSION

In this study, the negative cholesterol profile was mainly related to antiretroviral treatment time, even for patients without self-reported lipodystrophy, and changes in body fat distribution, measured by anthropometry, was especially associated with time for HIV infection in those with lipodystrophy self-reported.

Lipodystrophy; Profile Biochemistry; HIV

VARIABLES	WOMEN			MEN
	With HIV (Mean ± SD)	Without HIV (Mean ± SD)	P-value	With HIV (Mean ± SD)	Without HIV (Mean ± SD)	P-value
BMI	27.91±7.08	28.50±5.35	0.733	23.94±4.26	29.30±6.44	0.001**
BF%	25.66±4.12	27.93±3.64	0.032*	23.37±5.19	28.65±3.92	0.001*
BF	18.85±7.35	20.95±6.10	0.252	16.97±6.20	25.79±8.16	<0.001*
LBM (kg)	49.61±12.37	52.68±9.08	0.302	54.54±9.23	62.58±10.98	0.010*
BFATI	7.08±2.61	8.10±2.30	0.125	5.68±2.02	8.58±2.83	<0.001**
SMM (kg)	21.21±9.38	22.31±3.20	0.595	28.42±4.24	33.30±3.89	<0.001**
WHR	0.54±0.08	0.55±0.07	0.796	0.48±0.09	0.57±0.13	0.008*
WP	86.88±13.95	88.80±12.29	0.573	85.14±10.33	99.27±21.25	0.037*
TSF (mm)	19.89±9.27	25.07±7.41	0.024*	16.11±9.02	26.90±10.43	0.001*
AP (cm)	30.30±5.77	31.67±4.99	0.341	29.35±3.89	32.36±4.57	0.022*

Time of THIV

With self-reported lipodystrophy
	0\| - \|3 years	3 - \|6 years	6 - \|9 years	>9 years
BMI	23.96± 3.87^a	34.48±13.37^b	23.72±2.25^a	25.72± 4.35^a
WP	86.78± 11.23^a	112.60±17.15^b	86.00± 7.87^a	94.70±11.52^a,b
SMM	23.35±4.42^a	24.86±2.92^a	25.13±6.18^a	22.36±5.65^a
AMAc	28.72± 10,64^a	58.13±8.57^b	46.58±22.49^a,b	39.09±11.26^a,b
BF%	24.28±6.25^a	23.47±8.38^a	22.74±3.00^a	25.73±3.68^a
CT	180.60± 72,21^a	268.33±54.51^b	201.80±58.79^a,b	233.00±92.37^a,b
LDL-c	108.60± 46,58^a	186.33±61.80^b	134.80±40.56^a,b	128.60±44.39^a,b
TG	151.60± 67,88^a	140.66± 14,97^a	129.00± 54,1^a	149.00± 72,44^a
GLU	109.60± 55,22^a	109.00± 6,00^a	90.60± 7,43^a	100.27± 26,11^a

Without self-reported lipodystrophy

	0\| - \|3 years	3 - \|6 years	6 - \|9 years	>9 years
BMI	23.59±4.28^a	22.50±6.23^a	25.59±2.75^a	26.98±1.60^a
WP	86.25±11.89^a	85.66±16.25^a	93.37±9.79^a	99.30±5.24^a
SMM	29.70±4.20^a	20.97±9.55^a	22.04±2.54^a	22.60±5.96^a
AMAc	25.17±4.43^a	32.80±20.27^a	39.83±5.58^a	44.56±8.81^a
BF%	25.94±5.93^a	24.55±0.83^a	26.76±6.03^a	23.8±4.46^a
CT	183.00± 34.03^a	195.00±47.62^a,b	244.25±39.73^b	226.66±44.92^a,b
LDL-c	109.25± 27.50^a	137.00±50.21^a,b	146.25±14.31^a,b	158.00±50.72^b
TG	96.00± 30.88^a	120.66±36.69^a,b	181.25±227.09^a,b	307.00±276.79^b
GLU	82.00±15.42^a	89.66±14.15^a	122.00±66.19^a	99.00±29.02^a

TTO TIME

With self-reported lipodystrophy
	0\| - \|3 years	3 - \|6 years	6 - \|9 years	>9 years
BMI	24.84± 3.56^a	31.88± 12.25^a	24.30±3.28^a	25.34±4.84^a
WP	88.55±9.15^a	103.56± 17.68^a	88.33±17.09^a	94.02±12.42^a
SMM	24.13±4.55^a	24.69±3.11^a	23.63±6.48^a	21.92±6.58^a
AMAc	34.31±16.96^a	48.47±14.73^a	44.81±24.72^a	41.19±11.55^a
BF%	24.92±5.63^a	24.65±5.03^a	20.81±1.58^a	24.96±3.57^a
CT	165.87± 58.49^a	244.20±68.96^a,b*	301.66±130.19^b*	228.37±54.03^a,b
LDLc	97.87± 40,55^a	163.20±64.33^b	163.50±6.36^b	142.00±36.64^a,b
TG	125.75± 63,12^a	147.60±48.78^a,b	262.00±51.18^b	167.50±69.03^a,b
GLU	103.00±44.86^a	104.20±7.85^a	92.33±4.16^a	101.11±28.72^a

Without self-reported lipodystrophy

	0\| - \|3 years	3 - \|6 years	6 - \|9 years	>9 years
BMI	22.75±4.16^a	25.77±6.35^a	24.75±1.50^a	27.21±1.67^a
WP	83.60±11.88^a	96.00±13.85^a	91.12±7.23^a	100.16±5.37^a
SMM	26.95±7.15^a	23.25±8.50^a	21.07±2.88^a	24.64±3.01^a
AMAc	25.76± 4,06^a	38.61±20.72^a,b	36.02±5.56^a,b	47.40±6.03^b
BF%	25.48±5.24^a	27.09±3.62^a	24.86±5.30^a	23.45±4.98^a
CT	178.20± 31.77^a	228.66±45.08^a,b	214.50±62.20^a,b	243.80±17.92^b
LDLc	106.60± 24.54^a	149.00± 38.43^a	132.00±39.48^a,b	178.75±23.67^b
TG	96.40± 26.76^a	109.66±49.57^a,b	209.25±214.55^a,b	333.40±300.90^b
GLU	82.00±13.33^a	93.66±12.50^a	120.50±67.10^a	101.20±31.88^a

Associação Médica Brasileira R. São Carlos do Pinhal, 324, 01333-903 São Paulo SP - Brazil, Tel: +55 11 3178-6800, Fax: +55 11 3178-6816 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: ramb@amb.org.br

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