Opportunities identification
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Market research; direct contact with consumers; systematic collection of market information. |
Spreadsheets, visual panels. |
Cooper (1988)Cooper, R. G. (1988). Predevelopment activities determine new product success. Industrial Marketing Management, 17(3), 237-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)90007-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)9...
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Formal techniques (techniques of creativity, problem-solving techniques, brainstorming); Informal techniques (discussions in cyberspace, ad hoc sections, individual perceptions). |
Fishbone; mental maps; mapping process. |
Koen et al. (2002)Koen, P. A., Ajamian, G., Boyce, S., Clamen, A., Fisher, E., Fountoulakis, S., Johnson, A., Puri, P., & Seibert, R. (2002). Fuzzy-front end: effective methods, tools and techniques. In P. Belliveau, A. Griffen & S. Sorermeyer. PDMA toolbook for new product development (pp. 2-35). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
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Environmental factors / benchmarking; insights of employees; creativity techniques. |
Mental maps; software for cross-checking. |
Flynn et al. (2003)Flynn, M., Dooley, L., O’Sullivan, D., & Cormican, K. (2003). Idea management for organisational innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 7(4), 417-442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919603000878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919603000...
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Market research; analysis of market segments; technological forecasting (trend analysis); trend analysis of consumers, consumers' assessment; scenario planning; tecnology roadmapping; SWOT analysis; Relevance tree, implications wheel. |
Software; spreadsheets; graphics |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.
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Opportunities selection
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Focus groups; market research; technical “what-if”; competitive intelligence; trend analysis. |
Fishbone; mental maps; mapping process. |
Koen et al. (2002)Koen, P. A., Ajamian, G., Boyce, S., Clamen, A., Fisher, E., Fountoulakis, S., Johnson, A., Puri, P., & Seibert, R. (2002). Fuzzy-front end: effective methods, tools and techniques. In P. Belliveau, A. Griffen & S. Sorermeyer. PDMA toolbook for new product development (pp. 2-35). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
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Peer review; Scoring review; economic models; decision analysis; interactive methods; artificial intelligence; portfolio optimization. |
Software mathematical programming (optimization and simulation). |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.
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Ideas generation
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Environmental analysis techniques; techniques to encourage and sustain a culture of innovation (brainstorming, technology foresight, creativity stimulation techniques). |
Partnerships |
Murphy & Kumar (1997)Murphy, S. A., & Kumar, V. (1997). The front end of new product development: a Canadian survey. R & D Management, 27(1), 5-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.0003...
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Focus groups; interviews with leading users; brainstorming; periodic review of customer needs; sales force information. |
Visual panels |
Cooper (1988)Cooper, R. G. (1988). Predevelopment activities determine new product success. Industrial Marketing Management, 17(3), 237-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)90007-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)9...
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Direct contacts with consumers and users; linkages with other cross-functional teams; collaboration with other organizations and institutions; brainstorming; ethnography. |
Idea Bank; spreadsheets, software, information and communication system. |
Koen et al. (2002)Koen, P. A., Ajamian, G., Boyce, S., Clamen, A., Fisher, E., Fountoulakis, S., Johnson, A., Puri, P., & Seibert, R. (2002). Fuzzy-front end: effective methods, tools and techniques. In P. Belliveau, A. Griffen & S. Sorermeyer. PDMA toolbook for new product development (pp. 2-35). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
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SWOT analysis; 5 forces Porter; insight of employees. |
Spreadsheets to sort ideas in order of importance. |
Flynn et al. (2003)Flynn, M., Dooley, L., O’Sullivan, D., & Cormican, K. (2003). Idea management for organisational innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 7(4), 417-442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919603000878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919603000...
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Ethnographic approaches; lead user; voice technology; TRIZ; ideas management; brainstorming; design of experiments; mathematical optimization techniques; technology point of viability. |
Panels; Frames; software |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.
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Selection of ideas
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Techniques of technical success probability; probability of commercial success; reward; strategic fit; strategic leverage); formal process of selection of ideas with quick feedback to suppliers of ideas. |
Software |
Koen et al. (2002)Koen, P. A., Ajamian, G., Boyce, S., Clamen, A., Fisher, E., Fountoulakis, S., Johnson, A., Puri, P., & Seibert, R. (2002). Fuzzy-front end: effective methods, tools and techniques. In P. Belliveau, A. Griffen & S. Sorermeyer. PDMA toolbook for new product development (pp. 2-35). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
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Peer review; by scores; mathematical programming (optimization and simulation); economic models; decision analysis; interactive methods; artificial intelligence; optimization portfolio. |
Software; spreadsheets; graphics |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.
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Concept Development
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Technical and design of experiments; Techniques of mathematical optimization; brainstorming. |
Software |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.
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Concept selection
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SWOT analysis; brainstorming, concept testing; decision matrix. |
Software; planning programs and viability analysis. |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.; Cooper (1988)Cooper, R. G. (1988). Predevelopment activities determine new product success. Industrial Marketing Management, 17(3), 237-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)90007-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)9...
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Project planning
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Techniques for planning and conducting the project; scenario planning; simulation; technical and financial analysis. |
Software; planning programs and viability analysis. |
Whitney (2007)Whitney, D. E. (2007). Assemble a technology development toolkit. Research Technology Management, 50(5), 52-58.; Cooper (1988)Cooper, R. G. (1988). Predevelopment activities determine new product success. Industrial Marketing Management, 17(3), 237-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)90007-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(88)9...
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