Comparative analysis of social responsibility management standards and their comprehensiveness

Andrade, Valdelis Fernandes de; Bizzo, Waldir Antonio

doi:10.1590/0104-530X3866-18

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Original Article • Gest. Prod. 25 (4) • Oct-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X3866-18 copy

Comparative analysis of social responsibility management standards and their comprehensiveness

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Models of social responsibility management systems have been developed to meet the demands of organizations in the implementation of management practices that are effective in improving relations with stakeholders and organizational performance in the social responsibility dimension, and promoting sustainability organizational structure. This study analyzes the main models of social responsibility management developed under the form of standards, certifiable or not, which were compared in terms of their origins, objectives, and content, including an analysis of their contribution to improving quality of life at work.

Keywords:
SA 8000; Corporate social responsibility; Standards and models of social responsibility management; Social audits

Document	SA 8000 ¹ 1 SAI (2014c) ;	AA 1000 AS ² 2 Accountability (2008a) ; AA 1000 APS ³ 3 Accountability (2008b) ; AA 1000 SES ⁴ 4 Accountability (2011) ;	BSCI - Business Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI) ⁵ 5 BSCI (2014b) ;	ISO 26.000 ⁶ 6 ISO (2011)	SMETA ⁷ 7 SEDEX (2014) ;	SR 10 ⁸ 8 IQNet (2011) ;	ABNT NBR 16001 ⁹ 9 ABNT (2012) .
Institution	SAI – Social Accountability International	Accountabiliy	FTA – Foreign Trade Association	ISO – International Organization for Standardization	Model Sedex Members Ethical Trade Audit - SMETA	IQnet	ABNT
Country of origin	USA	England	Belgium	Switzerland	England	Switzerland	Brazil
Release year	1999	2003	2003	2010	2010	2011	2004
Current revision	2014	2011	2014	2010	2012	2011	2012
Certifiable	Yes	Not	Not	Not	Not	Yes	Yes
Objective	Improving working conditions in the world.	Ensuring the credibility and quality of sustainability performance and reporting and promoting stakeholder engagement	Engagement of workers and improvement of working conditions in the global supply chain.	Management model of social responsibility for sustainability.	Evaluate supply chain.	Social responsibility management system for sustainable development.	Contribute to sustainable development.

¹
SAI (2014c) Social Accountability International – SAI. (2014c). New York: SAI. Recuperado em 27 de julho de 2014, de www.sai-int.org ;
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Accountability (2008a) Accountability. (2008a). AA 1000 AS: assurance standard 2008. Recuperado em 6 de outubro de 2014, de http://www.accountability.org/standards/aa1000as/index.html
http://www.accountability.org/standards... ;
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Accountability (2008b) Accountability. (2008b). AA 1000 APS: accountability principles standard 2008 . Recuperado em 6 de outubro de 2014, de http://www.accountability.org/standards/aa1000as/index.html
http://www.accountability.org/standards... ;
⁴
Accountability (2011) Accountability. (2011). AA 1000 SES: stakeholder engagement standard 2011 . Recuperado em 6 de outubro de 2014, de http://www.accountability.org/standards/aa1000as/index.html
http://www.accountability.org/standards... ;
⁵
BSCI (2014b) Business Social Compliance Initiative – BSCI. (2014b). Recuperado em 27 de julho de 2014 , de http://www.bsci-intl.org
http://www.bsci-intl.org ... ;
⁶
ISO (2011) International Organization for Standardization – ISO. (2011). ISO 26000:2010: guidance on social responsibility. Geneva: ISO. English translation of DIN ISO 26000:2011-01.
⁷
SEDEX (2014) Sedex. (2014). Recuperado em 27 de julho de 2014 , de http://www.sedexglobal.com/pt-pt/
http://www.sedexglobal.com/pt-pt/ ... ;
⁸
IQNet (2011) The International Certification Network – IQNet. (2011). IQNet SR-10: social responsibility management systems requirements SR-10. Switzerland: IQnet. ;
⁹
ABNT (2012) Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas – ABNT. (2012). ABNT NBR ISO 16.001: responsabilidade social: sistema de gestão: requisitos . Rio de Janeiro: ABNT. .

Topic / Requirement / Guideline ^a a The number that precedes each item presented in the table, is the numbering of each specific requirement in the numerical sequence of each management standard. AA1000 does not present guidelines on these social responsibility issues/requirements.	Standard
	SA 8000:2014	BSCI:2014	ISO 26000:2010	SMETA:2012	SR-10:2011	ABNT NBR 16.001:2012
Compliance with Legal Requirements and Conventions	Section II	Code Observance	4.6. Respect for the Rule of Law 4.7. Respect for International Norms of Behaviour 4.8. Respect for Human Rights	7.4.3. Presence of Waivers	5.5. Legal and Others Requirements 8.4. Evaluation of Legal Compliance	3.3.5. Legal and Other Requirements and 3.6.2 Evaluation of Compliance with Legal and Other Requirements
Child Labour	1. Child Labour	No Child Labour Special Protection for Young Workers	6.3.10. Human Rights: Fundamental Principles and Rights at Works 6.3.10.1. General 6.3.10.2. Description of the issue 6.3.10.3. Related Actions and Expectations	4. Child Labour and Young Workers	7.3.4. Child Labour	-
Forced Labour	2. Forced or Compulsory Labour	No Bonded Labour No Precarious Employment	6.3.10. Human Rights: Fundamental Principles and Rights at Works 6.3.10.1. 6.3.10.2. 6.3.10.3.	1. Forced Labour	7.3.3. Forced Labour	-
Health and Safety	3. Health and Safety	Occupational Health and Safety	6.4.6. Labour Practices Issue: Health and Safety at Work	3. Health & Safety	7.3.5. Health and Safety	-
Freedom of Association and right to representativeness	4. Freedom of Association & Right to Collective Bargaining	The rights of Freedom of Association and Collective Bargaining	6.3.10 Human Rights: Fundamental Principles and Rights at Works 6.3.10.1. 6.3.10.2. 6.3.10.3.	2. Freedom of Association	7.3.7. Association and Bargaing	-
Discrimination	5. Discrimination	No Discrimination	6.3.7. Human Rights: Discrimination and Vulnarable Groups 6.3.10 Human Rights: Fundamental Principles and Rights at Works 6.3.10.1. 6.3.10.2. 6.3.10.3.	7. Discrimination	7.3.1. Non-discrimination	-
Disciplinary Practices	6. Disciplinary Practices	-	-	9. Discipline	7.3.12. Respect for Employee Dignity	-
Working Hours	7. Working Hours	Decent Working Hours	-	6. Working Hours	-	-
Remuneration	8. Remuneration	Fair Remuneration	-	5. Living Wage	7.3.8. Work Conditions and Wages	-
Employment contract	8.5. Remuneration 9.10. Management of Suppliers and Contractors	-	-	8. Regular Employment 8A. Sub-Contracting, Homeworking and External Processing	-	-

Theme / Requirement / Guideline ^a a The number that precedes each item presented in the table, is the numbering of each specific requirement in the numerical sequence of each management standard. The SMETA: 2012 standard, not included in this table, presents only 2 managements requirements: item 7.4 1 Availability of Documents (Control of documents and records) and item 10B Environment;	SA 8000:2014 ^b b Source: SA8000:2008 side by side comparison with SA8000:2014 ( SAI, 2014d) .	AA 1000SES:2011	ISO 26000:2010	SR-10:2011	ABNT NBR 16.001:2012	BSCI:2014
Social Responsibility Policy	9.1. Policies, Procedures and Records	-	-	5.2. Identify and prepare for engagement risks	3.2. Social responsibility policie	-
Internal communication	9.2. Social Performance Team 9.5. Internal Involvement and Communication 9.6. Complaint Management and Resolution	4.3.6. Communicate engagement outputs and action plan	6.4.5. Labour practices: Social dialogue	5.4. Responsability, authority and comunication	3.4.3. Comunication
Critical analysis of the management system	9.1.7. Policies, Procedures and Records 9.4.3. Monitoring	-	-	5.6. Managment review of the system	3.6.5. Top management analysis	-
Treatment of complaints / Corrective and preventive actions	9.6. Complaint Management and Resolution 9.8. Corrective and Preventive Actions	-	6.3.6. Human rights: Resolving grievances	8.6. Nonconformity, corrective action and preventive action	3.4.4. Treatment of conflicts or disputes 3.6.3. Non-compliance and corrective and preventive actions	Workers Involvement and Protection
Responsibility and authority	9.2. Social Performance Team	-	-	5.4.1. Responsibility and authority 5.4.2. Management representative	3.3.7. Resources, roles, responsibilities and authorities
Planning and Monitoring of the Management System (indicators and internal audit).	9.4. Monitoring	4.1.5. Establish Indicators	-	5.3.1. Objectives, targets and programs 5.3.2. Social responsibility management system planing. 8. Measurement, analysis and improvement 8.1. General 8.2. Monitoring and measurement of the social responsibility management system 8.3. Analysis of data 8.7. Internal audit	3.6.1. Monitoring and measurement 3.6.4. Internal audit
Training and qualification	9.9. Training and Capacity Building			6.2. Competence, training and awareness	3.4.1. Competence, training and awareness	Workers Involvement and Protection
Commitment of top management	9.1. Policies, Procedures and Records 9.2. Social Performance Team			5.1. Management commitment
Control of documents and records	9.1.6. Policies, Procedures and Records			4.2.3 Control of documents 4.2.4. Control of Records 4.2.2. Social responsibility manual	3.5. Documentation requirements 3.5.1. General 3.5.2. Manual of the social responsibility management system 3.5.3. Documents control 3.5.4. Records control
Engagement of stakeholders	9.7. External Verification and Stakeholder Engagement	3. Determine the mandate, ownership and stakeholders of the engagement 4. Stakeholder Engagement process 4.2. Prepare 4.3. Implement the engagement plan 4.4. Act, review and improve	4.5. Respect for Stakeholder Interests 5.3. Stakeholder Identification and Engagement	-	3.3. Planing 3.3.1. Identification of stakeholders 3.4.2. Engagement of stakeholders
Risk management	9.3. Identification and Assessment of Risks	4.2.3. Identify and prepare for engagement risks	-	-	3.3.2. Central themes of social responsibility and its issues 3.3.3. Due diligence
Supplier Chain Management	9.10. Management of Suppliers and Contractors					Supply Chain Management and Cascade Effect
Environmental management						Protection of the Environment

AA 1000SES:2011	ISO 26000:2010	SMETA:2012	SR-10:2011	ABNT NBR 16.001:2012
2. Commitment and Integration 2.1. Commit to the AA1000 AccountAbility Principles 2.3. Integrate with organisational strategy and operations management 3. Purpose, Scope and Stakeholders 3.1. Establish the purpose of engagement 3.2. Establish the scope of the engagement associated with the purpose	4. Principles of social responsibility 4.1. General; 4.2 Accountability 4.4. Ethical behavior 5.1. General; 5.2 Recognizing of social responsibility 5.2.1. Impacts, interests and expectations 5.2.2. Recognizing the core subjects and relevant issues of social responsibility 5.2.3. Social responsibility and one organization´s sphere of influence 6.0 Guidance on social responsibility core subjects 6.1. General; 6.3 Human rights 6.3.1. Overview of human rights 6.3.1.1. Organizations and human rights 6.3.1.2. Human rights and social responsibility 6.3.2. Principles and considerations; 6.3.2.1. Principles 6.3.2.2. Considerations 6.3.3. Human rights: Due dilligence 6.3.4. Human rights: Human rights risk situations 6.3.5. Human rights: Avoidance of complicity 6.3.8. Human rights: Civil and political rights 6.3.9. Human rights: Economic, social and cultural rights 6.4. Labour practices 6.4.1. Overview of labour practices 6.4.1.1. Organizations and labour practices 6.4.1.2. Labour practices and social responsibility 6.4.2. Principles and considerations 6.4.2.1. Principles 6.4.2.2. Considerations 6.4.3. Labour practices: Employment and employment relationships 6.4.4. Labour practices: Conditions of working and social protection 6.4.7. Labour practices: Human development and workplace training	7.4.3. Presence of Waivers 7.4.4. Data Protection 7.4.5. Document Inconsistencies 10A. Entitlement to Work, Migrant and Agency Labour 10C. Business Practices	7.2. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding owners, shareholders and investors. 7.2.1. Management effectiveness and efficiency 7.2.4. Voting right and representation 7.3. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding employees 7.3.6. Accessible environments 7.3.9. Employment agreement 7.3.10. Training, employability and career development 7.3.11. Work life balance 7.4. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding customers, users and consumers 7.4.1. Promotions and advertising 7.4.2. Contracts 7.4.3. Confidentiality and privacy 7.4.4. Honesty 7.4.5. Customer service and after-sales service 7.4.6. Socially responsible goods and services 7.5. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding product suppliers, servisse providers and partners 7.5.3. Confidentiality and privacy 7.5.4. Honesty 7.6. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding aliances and collaborative efforts 7.7. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding competitions 7.8. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding government 7.8.1. Cooperation and transparency 7.8.2. Non-interference 7.8.3. Tax obligations 7.8.4. Honesty 7.9. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding the community and society 7.9.1. Engagement 7.9.2. Promoting of local development 7.9.3. Investment in the community and society 8.5. Stakeholder expectations	3.3.4. Identification of opportunities for improvement and innovation 3.3.6. Objectives, goals and programs

Factor for quality of life at work	SA 8000:2014	BSCI:2014	ISO 26000:2010	SMETA:2012	SR-10:2011	ABNT NBR 16001
Fair Wage	8. Remuneration	Fair Remuneration	-	5. Living Wage	7.3.8. Working conditions and wages.	-
Respect for supervision	5. Discrimination 6. Disciplinary Practices	-	-	9. Discipline	7.3.12. Respect for employee dignity	-
Satisfaction at work (like what you do)	9.4. Monitoring 9.5. Internal Involvement and Communication	-	6.4.7. Issue 5: Human Development and Training in the Workplace	-	7.3.10. Training, employability and career development	-
Good organization of work and workstations	-	-	-	-	-	-
Safety, hygiene, ergonomics	3. Health And Safety	Occupational Health and Safety	6.4.6. Issue 4: Health and safety at work	3. Health & Safety	7.3.5. Health and safety	-
Clear definition and responsibilities and rights	9.2. Social Performance Team 9.4. Monitoring	-	-	-	5.4.1. Responsibility and authority 5.4.2. Management representative	3.3.7. Resources, roles, responsibilities and authorities
Respect for the environment	-	-	4.4. Ethical behaviour 6.5. The Environment	10 B Environment	7.10. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding the environment 7.10.1. Pollution and climate change prevention, and efficient use of resources 7.10.2. Ecosystems and biodiversity conservation 7.10.3. Respect for animal life	-
Support to local society	9.7. External Verification and Stakeholder Engagement	-	-	-	7.9. Requirements to be fulfilled by the organization regarding community and society 7.9.1. Engagement 7.9.2. Promoting of local development 7.9.3. Investment in the community and the society 8.5. Stakeholder expectations	3.3.1. Identification of stakeholders 3.3.2. Central themes of social responsibility and its issues 3.4.2. Engagement of stakeholders
Freedom of association in employee societies.	4. Freedom Of Association & Right To Collective Bargaining	The rights of Freedom of Association and Collective Bargaining	6.3.10. Question 8: Human Rights Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work 6.3.10.1. General 6.3.10.2. Description of the issue 6.3.10.3. Related actions and expectations	2. Freedom of Association	7.3.7. Association and Bargaining	-

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E-mail: gp@dep.ufscar.br

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SAI (2014c) Social Accountability International – SAI. (2014c). New York: SAI. Recuperado em 27 de julho de 2014, de www.sai-int.org ;

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Accountability (2008a) Accountability. (2008a). AA 1000 AS: assurance standard 2008. Recuperado em 6 de outubro de 2014, de http://www.accountability.org/standards/aa1000as/index.html
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Accountability (2008b) Accountability. (2008b). AA 1000 APS: accountability principles standard 2008 . Recuperado em 6 de outubro de 2014, de http://www.accountability.org/standards/aa1000as/index.html
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Accountability (2011) Accountability. (2011). AA 1000 SES: stakeholder engagement standard 2011 . Recuperado em 6 de outubro de 2014, de http://www.accountability.org/standards/aa1000as/index.html
http://www.accountability.org/standards... ;

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ISO (2011) International Organization for Standardization – ISO. (2011). ISO 26000:2010: guidance on social responsibility. Geneva: ISO. English translation of DIN ISO 26000:2011-01.

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IQNet (2011) The International Certification Network – IQNet. (2011). IQNet SR-10: social responsibility management systems requirements SR-10. Switzerland: IQnet. ;

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