Supply |
Based on disturbances in the flow between the firm and supplier, any risk that keeps the supplier from delivering inputs reliably. |
Diabat et al. (2012)Diabat, A., Govindan, K., & Panicker, V. V. (2012). Supply chain risk management and its mitigation in a food industry. International Journal of Production Research, 50(11), 3039-3050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011.588619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011....
, Pfohl et al. (2010)Pfohl, H.-C., Köhler, H., & Thomas, D. (2010). State of the art in supply chain risk management research: empirical and conceptual findings and a roadmap for the implementation in practice. Logistics Research., 2(1), 33-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12159-010-0023-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12159-010-002...
, Scannell et al. (2013)Scannell, T., Curkovic, S., & Wagner, B. (2013). Integration of ISO 31000:2009 and supply chain risk management. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management., 03(4), 367-377. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2013.34043. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2013.340...
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Environmental |
Risks that are outside the supply chain, such as economic crises, strikes and normative changes. |
Pfohl et al. (2010)Pfohl, H.-C., Köhler, H., & Thomas, D. (2010). State of the art in supply chain risk management research: empirical and conceptual findings and a roadmap for the implementation in practice. Logistics Research., 2(1), 33-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12159-010-0023-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12159-010-002...
, Jüttner (2005)Jüttner, U. (2005). Supply chain risk management: understanding the business requirements from a practitioner perspective. International Journal of Logistics Management, 16(1), 120-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574090510617385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574090510617...
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Demand |
Risks associated with mismatch between the availability of final products and demand from customers, including excess stocks, mistaken introduction of new products, variations in demand, etc. |
Ghadge et al. (2012)Ghadge, A., Dani, S., & Kalawsky, R. (2012). Supply chain risk management: present and future scope. International Journal of Logistics Management, 23(3), 313-339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574091211289200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574091211289...
, Diabat et al. (2012)Diabat, A., Govindan, K., & Panicker, V. V. (2012). Supply chain risk management and its mitigation in a food industry. International Journal of Production Research, 50(11), 3039-3050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011.588619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011....
, Mentzer & Manuj (2008)Mentzer, J. T., & Manuj, I. (2008). Global supply chain risk management. Journal of Business Logistics, 29(1), 133-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2008.tb00072.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.20...
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Discrete |
Among the risks exogenous to the chain are discrete events, generally unforeseeable and with large negative impacts, such as terrorist attacks, contagious disease outbreaks and natural disasters. |
Trkman & McCormack (2009)Trkman, P., & McCormack, K. (2009). Supply chain risk in turbulent environments: A conceptual model for managing supply chain network risk. International Journal of Production Economics, 119(2), 247-258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2009.03.002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2009.03...
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Operational |
These risks are related to technical failures, losses during the production process, alterations in production and technological changes, etc. |
Diabat et al. (2012)Diabat, A., Govindan, K., & Panicker, V. V. (2012). Supply chain risk management and its mitigation in a food industry. International Journal of Production Research, 50(11), 3039-3050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011.588619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011....
, Tang (2006)Tang, C. S. (2006). Perspectives in supply chain risk management. International Journal of Production Economics, 103(2), 451-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.12.006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.12...
, Shi (2004)Shi, D. (2004). A review of enterprise supply chain risk management. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 13(2), 219-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11518-006-0162-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11518-006-016...
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Rupture |
These risks are associated with disruptions caused by natural catastrophes and human actions, such as terrorist attacks, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, etc. They can be caused by a single factor or a set of factors. |
Tang (2006)Tang, C. S. (2006). Perspectives in supply chain risk management. International Journal of Production Economics, 103(2), 451-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.12.006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.12...
, Shu et al. (2014)Shu, T., Chen, S., Wang, S., & Lai, K. K. (2014). GBOM-oriented management of production disruption risk and optimization of supply chain construction. Expert Systems with Applications, 41(1), 59-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.07.011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.07...
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