EVALUATION OF COMPOSITION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF PRETREATED SUGAR CANE BAGASSE

Guilherme, A. A.; Dantas, P. V. F.; Santos, E. S.; Fernandes, F. A. N.; Macedo, G. R.

doi:10.1590/0104-6632.20150321s00003146

A. A. Guilherme ^**To whom correspondence should be addressed

Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, 59.078-970, Natal - RN, Brazil. Phone: + (55) 84 3215 3769, Fax: + (55) 84 3215 3770. E-mail: alexandredearaujoguilherme@gmail.com

P. V. F. Dantas

Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, 59.078-970, Natal - RN, Brazil. Phone: + (55) 84 3215 3769, Fax: + (55) 84 3215 3770. E-mail: alexandredearaujoguilherme@gmail.com

E. S. Santos

Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, 59.078-970, Natal - RN, Brazil. Phone: + (55) 84 3215 3769, Fax: + (55) 84 3215 3770. E-mail: alexandredearaujoguilherme@gmail.com

F. A. N. Fernandes

Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza - CE, Brazil.

G. R. Macedo

Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, 59.078-970, Natal - RN, Brazil. Phone: + (55) 84 3215 3769, Fax: + (55) 84 3215 3770. E-mail: alexandredearaujoguilherme@gmail.com

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

Pretreatment	Cellulose (%)	Hemicellulose (%)	Total lignina (%)	Organic solvent extractives (%)	Hot water extractives (%)	Ashes (%)
None (raw material)	38.59 ± 3.45	27.89 ± 2.68	17.79 ± 0.62	1.61 ± 0.16	1.11 ± 1.23	8.80 ± 0.02
Combined acid and alkaline	65.03 ± 2.34	10.95 ± 0.19	8.12 ± 0.31	0.98 ± 0.61	10.97 ± 0.98	4.60 ± 0.76
Combined hydrothermal and alkaline	62.14 ± 4.12	11.52 ± 0.73	7.87 ± 1.88	0.77 ± 0.09	10.08 ± 0.58	8.10 ± 0.06
Alkaline	47.21 ± 3.23	29.29 ± 2.32	4.31 ± 1.78	1.22 ± 0.47	12.52 ± 0.53	6.05 ± 1.22
Peroxide	53.85 ± 2.76	22.02 ± 3.27	7.99 ± 3.84	0.78 ± 1.33	10.65 ± 1.55	4.22 ± 1.27

cm¹	Organic groups	References
3350	O-H	*Xu et al, (2006), Camargo et al, (2012)Camargo, F. A., Innocentini-Mei, L. H., Lemes, A. P., Moraes, S. G., Duran, N., Processing and characterization of composites of poly(3hydroxybutyrateco-hydroxyvalerate) and lignin from sugar cane bagasse. J. Compos. Mater., 46, 417-425 (2012)., Filho et al., (2007)*Filho, G. R., Assuncao, R. M. N., Vieira, J. G., Meireles, C. S., Cerqueira, D. A., Barud, H. S. S., Ribeiro, J. L., Messaddeq, Y., Characterization of methylcellulose produced from sugar cane bagasse cellulose: Crystallinity and thermal properties. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 92, 205-210 (2007).
2900	C-H	*Camargo et al, (2011)Camargo, F. A., Innocentini-Mei, L. H., Lemes, A. P., Moraes, S. G., Duran, N., Processing and characterization of composites of poly(3hydroxybutyrateco-hydroxyvalerate) and lignin from sugar cane bagasse. J. Compos. Mater., 46, 417-425 (2012)., Riyajan and Intharit, (2011)Riyajan, S. and Intharit, I., Characterization of modified bagasse and investigation properties of its novel composite. J. Elast. Plast., 43, 513-528 (2011)., Filho et al,* (2007)**Filho, G. R., Assuncao, R. M. N., Vieira, J. G., Meireles, C. S., Cerqueira, D. A., Barud, H. S. S., Ribeiro, J. L., Messaddeq, Y., Characterization of methylcellulose produced from sugar cane bagasse cellulose: Crystallinity and thermal properties. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 92, 205-210 (2007).
2850	OCH₃	*Camargo et al.,* (2011)**Camargo, F. A., Innocentini-Mei, L. H., Lemes, A. P., Moraes, S. G., Duran, N., Processing and characterization of composites of poly(3hydroxybutyrateco-hydroxyvalerate) and lignin from sugar cane bagasse. J. Compos. Mater., 46, 417-425 (2012).
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1600	C-H vibration of aromatic ring	*Guo et al,* (2009)**Guo, G. L., Hsu, D. C., Chen, W. H., Chen, W. H., Hwang, W. S., Characterization of enzymatic saccharification for acid-pretreated lignocellulosic materials with different lignin composition. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 45, 80-87 (2009).
1500	C-H vibration of aromatic ring	*Guo et al.,* (2009)**Guo, G. L., Hsu, D. C., Chen, W. H., Chen, W. H., Hwang, W. S., Characterization of enzymatic saccharification for acid-pretreated lignocellulosic materials with different lignin composition. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 45, 80-87 (2009).
1410	C-H vibration of aromatic ring	*Guo et al,* (2009)**Guo, G. L., Hsu, D. C., Chen, W. H., Chen, W. H., Hwang, W. S., Characterization of enzymatic saccharification for acid-pretreated lignocellulosic materials with different lignin composition. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 45, 80-87 (2009).
1390	O-H phenolic	*Xu et al,* (2006)**Xu, F., Sun, J., Liub, X. C. F., Sunb, R. C., Comparative study of alkali-and acidic organic solvent-soluble hemicellulosic polysaccharides from sugarcane bagasse. Carbohydr. Res., 34, 253-261 (2006).
1360	O-H phenolic	*Xu et al,* (2006)**Xu, F., Sun, J., Liub, X. C. F., Sunb, R. C., Comparative study of alkali-and acidic organic solvent-soluble hemicellulosic polysaccharides from sugarcane bagasse. Carbohydr. Res., 34, 253-261 (2006).
1250	C-C	*Xu et al,* (2006)**Xu, F., Sun, J., Liub, X. C. F., Sunb, R. C., Comparative study of alkali-and acidic organic solvent-soluble hemicellulosic polysaccharides from sugarcane bagasse. Carbohydr. Res., 34, 253-261 (2006).
1200	C-O and C=O stretching	*Sun et al,* (2000)**Sun, R. C., Tomkinson, J., Wang, S. Q., Zhu, W., Characterization of lignins from wheat straw by alkaline peroxide treatment. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 67, 101-109 (2000).
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1100	O-C=O	Riyajan and Intharit, (2011)Riyajan, S. and Intharit, I., Characterization of modified bagasse and investigation properties of its novel composite. J. Elast. Plast., 43, 513-528 (2011).
1030	C-O-C	*Xu et al,* (2006)**Xu, F., Sun, J., Liub, X. C. F., Sunb, R. C., Comparative study of alkali-and acidic organic solvent-soluble hemicellulosic polysaccharides from sugarcane bagasse. Carbohydr. Res., 34, 253-261 (2006).
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Pretreatment	CI (%)
None (raw material)	49.32
Combined acid and alkaline	63.54
Combined hydrothermal and alkaline	69.96
Alkaline	55.51
Peroxide	60.59

Pretreatment	Conversion (%)	Glucose (g/L)	Cellobiose (g/L)	Xylose (g/L)
Combined acid and alkaline	49.50 ± 1.4	20.89 ± 0.87	1.04 ± 0.09	2.39 ± 0.65
Combined hydrothermal and alkaline	35.65 ± 2.6	15.22 ± 1.56	0.58 ± 0.03	1.26 ± 0.05
Alkaline	82.28 ± 3.4	25.79 ± 3.21	10.29 ± 1.45	15.58 ± 2.34
Peroxide	85.15 ± 1.8	33.87 ± 0.54	3.76 ± 0.34	3.73 ± 0. 78

[1] *To whom correspondence should be addressed

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EVALUATION OF COMPOSITION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF PRETREATED SUGAR CANE BAGASSE

Abstract