STUDY OF BINARY AND SINGLE BIOSORPTION BY THE FLOATING AQUATIC MACROPHYTE <i>Salvinia natans</i>

Lima, L. K. S.; Silva, M. G. C.; Vieira, M. G. A.

doi:10.1590/0104-6632.20160333s20150483

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Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Selected papers from the 20th Brazilian Congress of Chemical Engineering (COBEQ-2014) • Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 33 (3) • Jul-Sep 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20160333s20150483 copy

STUDY OF BINARY AND SINGLE BIOSORPTION BY THE FLOATING AQUATIC MACROPHYTE Salvinia natans

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The performance of Salvinia natans macrophyte to recover lead and chromium from single and bicomponent solutions in batch and fixed bed systems was investigated. Equilibrium data were obtained through isotherms and fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and D-R models for a single component system. In the fixed bed study the breakthrough curves were carried out at three different ratios of concentrations for the bicomponent study and at the concentration of 1 mmol.L^-1 for the single system. In order to know the biosorption mechanism, FT-IR analyses were performed for S. natans before and after the uptake of metal ions. The results showed different functional groups in the biomass and the ability of these groups to bind Cr⁺³ and Pb²⁺. Studies of the binary system of Cr³⁺/Pb²⁺ are not common in the literature, which makes the experimental data obtained in this work very important for providing information that could be used in adsorption processes.

Keywords:
Lead; Chromium; Macrophyte; Batch; Fixed bed

Metal ion concentration (mmol.L^-1)
Cr³⁺	Pb²⁺
0.25	0.25
0.25	0.75
0.75	0.75
1.00	2.00
2.00	1.00
2.00	2.00

Ratio	Metal ion concentration (mmol.L^-1)
Ratio	Cr³⁺	Pb²⁺
1	1.0	1.0
2	1.0	2.0
3	2.0	1.0

Equilibrium	q_exp(mmol.g^-1)	Langmuir
Equilibrium	q_exp(mmol.g^-1)	*q_L* (mmol.g^-1)	Standard Error	b (L.mmol.g^-1)	Standard Error	R²	R_L	RAD (%)
Pb²⁺	0.281	0.283	0.008	16.4	2.576	0.987	0.015	13.5
Cr³⁺	0.286	0.331	0.007	2.326	2.326	0.995	0.074	13.99
Equilibrium	*q_exp* (mmol.g^-1)	Freundlich
Equilibrium	*q_exp* (mmol.g^-1)	*K_f* (mmol^(1-1/n).g^-1).(L)^1/n	Standard Error	n	Standard Error	R²	RAD (%)
Pb²⁺	0.281	0.231	0.016	3.730	0.618	0.905	79.7
Cr³⁺	0.286	0.194	0.011	2.756	0.337	0.951	53.02
Equilibrium	*q_exp* (mmol.g^-1)	Dubinin- Radushkevich
Equilibrium	*q_exp* (mmol.g^-1)	*q_m* (mmol.g^-1)	Standard Error	K_DR (mol².kJ²)	Standard Error	E (kJ.mol^-1)	R²	RAD (%)
Pb²⁺	0.281	0.280	0.094	0.018	0.001	5.350	0.973	6.37
Cr³⁺	0.286	0.241	0.121	0.025	0.002	4.514	0.939	13.32

Ion	Electronegativity^a a Kinraide and Yermiyahu (2007),	Ionic radius (Ǻ)^b b Nightingale (1959),	Hydrated radius (Ǻ)^b b Nightingale (1959),	Charge/ ionic radius	Softness^c c Misono et al. (1967).
Cr³⁺	1.66	0.64	4.61	4.69	2.70
Pb²⁺	2.33	1.32	4.01	1.52	3.58

Metal ions
	Pb²⁺			Cr³⁺
Flow rate (mL.min^-1)	MTZ (cm)	*q_u* (mmol.g^-1)	*q_t* (mmol.g^-1)	MTZ (cm)	*q_u* (mmol.g^-1)	*q_t* (mmol.g^-1)
1	1.448	0.138	0.152	3.933	0.078	0.105
2	7.030	0.144	0.272	9.017	0.054	0.135
3	10.249	0.041	0.128	10.33	0.027	0.088

Ratio	Metal Ion	MTZ (cm)	q_u (mmol.g^-1)	q_t (mmol.g^-1)
1	Cr³⁺	8.169	0.108	0.237
1	Pb²⁺	6.994	0.125	0.234
2	Cr³⁺	9.352	0.124	0.329
2	Pb²⁺	6.286	0.098	0.169
3	Cr³⁺	9.678	0.034	0.096
3	Pb²⁺	5.643	0.074	0.119

	Parameters	Flow rate
	Parameters	1 mL.min^-1	2 mL.min^-1	3 mL.min^-1
Pb²⁺	k (L.mmol^-1.min^-1)	0.0150	0.0088	0.0165
Pb²⁺	q (mmol.g^-1)	120	76	33
Cr³⁺	k (L.mmol^-1.min^-1)	0.0189	0.0291	0.0301
Cr³⁺	q (mmol.g^-1)	20	21.5	23

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