EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF LEAVES OF <i>Duguetia furfuracea</i> (ANNONACEAE) USING GREEN AND ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Favareto, R.; Teixeira, M. B.; Soares, F. A. L.; Belisário, C. M.; Cabral, J. F.; Silva, E. A. da; Moia, T. A.; Cardozo-Filho, L.

doi:10.1590/0104-6632.20190361s20170451

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Separation Processes • Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 36 (1) • Jan-Mar 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20190361s20170451 copy

EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF LEAVES OF Duguetia furfuracea (ANNONACEAE) USING GREEN AND ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Duguetia furfuracea (Annonaceae) is a shrub found in the Brazilian Cerrado that is used in popular medicine as an antirheumatic, for wound healing, treatment of kidney pain and against pediculosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the extraction of leaves of Duguetia furfuracea, using supercritical CO₂, ethanol and hexane as solvents. For the supercritical extraction, an experimental planning 2³ with triplicates of the central point was used to evaluate the effects of temperature (313-333 K), pressure (15-23 MPa) and volumetric flow rate (3-6 mL min^-1) on the extraction yield, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity compared with extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction. The effects of the variables on the extraction yield were positive and the pressure had greater influence. However, the highest performances, total phenolic content and antioxidant activities were obtained by the Soxhlet method. The mathematical model based on the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller theory of adsorption correlated satisfactorily the experimental values of the supercritical extraction.

Key words:
Duguetia furfuracea; Supercritical CO₂; Phenolic compounds; Antioxidant activity

Variables	-1	0	1
Pressure (MPa)	15	19	23
Temperature (K)	313	323	333
Flow rate (mL min^-1)	3.0	4.5	6.0

Exp.	P (MPa)	T (K)	Q (mL min^-1)	Y (%)	TPC (mg GAE g^-1 extract)	TEAC (µmol Trolox g^-1 xtract)
1	15	313	3	0.51	53 ± 3^b	166 ± 2^b
2	23	313	3	0.89	42 ± 13^b	130 ± 1^b
3	15	333	3	0.45	30 ± 3^b	67 ± 0.5^b
4	23	333	3	0.97	63 ± 120^b	170 ± 1^b
5	15	313	6	0.60	28 ± 4^b	98 ± 1^b
6	23	313	6	0.92	44 ± 1^b	102 ± 0.3^b
7	15	333	6	0.61	32 ± 6^b	96 ± 0.4^b
8	23	333	6	1.21	38 ± 4^b	97 ± 0.3^b
9*	19	323	4.5	1 ± 0.01^c	31 ± 10^b	90 ± 18^b
10*	Hexane			2 ± 0.2^b	210 ± 32^a	531 ± 123^a
11*	Ethanol			9 ± 0.7^a	253 ± 45^a	606 ± 168^a

Exp.	y* × 10³	K	x_m
1	1.60	66.7	0.591
2	5.48	31.9	0.591
3	1.85	198	0.591
4	2.09	2.05	0.591
5	1.53	100	0.591
6	8.04	90.1	0.591
7	1.90	89.6	0.591
8	2.75	2.22	0.591
9	2.97	21.1	0.591

Compound	Relative Area %
Compound	SFE*	Ethanol	Hexane
Alloaromadendrene oxide-1	2.33
β-Caryophyllene oxide	11.68	5.18	4.95
(+)-Spathulenol	39.53	20.35	13.80
Ethyl palmitate		3.61
Spathulenol	1.64
(-)-Caryophyllene oxide	3.08
Methyl elaidate	2.19	10.47	2.63
Aromadendrene oxide-2	3.63
Alloaromadendrene oxide-2	2.34
(-)-Spathulenol	2.53
Isoaromadendrene epoxide	3.22
2-Methylenocholestan-3-ol	3.15	5.33
α-Tocoferol		2.87
Palmitic acid	6.32
3-Deoxyestradiol		28.41	7.12
2-Methylhexadecan-1-ol	3.55
Not identified	14.81	23.79	71.54

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[1] Corresponding author: R. Favareto - E-mail: rogerio.favareto@ifgoiano.edu.br