Salmaggi et al.1212 Salmaggi A, Lamperti E, Eoli M, Venegoni E, Bruzzone MG, Riccio G, et al. Spinal cord involvement and systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and magnetic resonance findings in 5 patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1994;12:389-94.
|
5 |
18-46 |
F (5) |
NA |
2-5 years
|
2 |
0 |
Absent |
Provenzale et al.1313 Provenzale JM, Barboriak DP, Gaensler EH, Robertson RL, Mercer B. Lupus-related myelitis: serial MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1994;15:1911-7.
|
4 |
33-47 |
F (4) |
NA |
NA |
1 |
NA |
Absent |
Harisdangkul et al.1414 Harisdangkul V, Doorenbos D, Subramony SH. Lupus transverse myelopathy: better outcome with early recognition and aggressive high-dose intravenous corticosteroid pulse treatment. J Neurol. 1995;242:326-31.
|
7 |
16-52 |
F (7) |
NA |
3 months to 4 years |
4 |
2 |
Absent |
Kovacs1010 Kovacs B, Lafferty TL, Brent LH, DeHoratius RJ. Transverse myelopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: an analysis of 14 cases and review of the literature. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000;59:120-4.
|
14 |
23-77 |
F (12) M (2) |
NA |
0-21 years |
6 |
NA |
D(2)/ON(3)/OS(1) |
Telles-Zenteno1515 Téllez-Zenteno JF, Remes-Troche JM, Negrete-Pulido RO, Dávila-Maldonado L. Longitudinal myelitis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging of six cases. Lupus. 2001;10:851-6.
|
6 |
23-37 |
F (6) |
NA |
7 months-16 years |
0 |
3 |
NA |
D’Cruz88 D'Cruz DP, Mellor-Pita S, Joven B, Sanna G, Allanson J, Taylor J, et al. Transverse myelitis as the first manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus or lupus-like disease: good functional outcome and relevance of antiphospholipid antibodies. J Rheumatol. 2004;31:280-5.
|
15 |
21-68 |
F (15) |
NA |
0 years
|
15 |
15 |
Absent |
Lu2323 Lu X, Gu Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Ye S. Prognostic factors of lupus myelopathy. Lupus. 2008;17:323-8.
|
14 |
15-45 |
F (12) M (2) |
A(14) |
2 months to 20 years |
1 |
14 |
ON(3)/ICH(1) E(1)/OS(1)/HL(1) |
Birnbaun1616 Birnbaum J, Petri M, Thompson R, Izbudak I, Kerr D. Distinct subtypes of myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:3378-87.
|
22 |
15.5-48.1 (GM) and 16.6-70.5 (WM) |
F (20) M (2) |
AA(8)/W(9)/other (5) |
5.4-6.5 years |
6 |
11 (GM) and 6 (WM) |
ON(6) |
Espinosa1717 Espinosa G, Mendizábal A, Mínguez S, Ramo-Tello C, Capellades J, Olivé A, et al. Transverse myelitis affecting more than 4 spinal segments associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical, immunological, and radiological characteristics of 22 patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2010;39:246-56.
|
22 |
12-53 |
F (17) M (5) |
NA |
0-17 years |
5 |
NA |
CHO(3)/CE(1)/AM(1) |
Schultz1818 Schulz SW, Shenin M, Mehta A, Kebede A, Fluerant M, Derk CT. Initial presentation of acute transverse myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: demographics, diagnosis, management and comparison to idiopathic cases. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32:2623-7.
|
15 |
22-78 |
F (14) M (1) |
AA(8)/W(7) |
NA |
15 |
NA |
ON (2) |
Saison1919 Saison J, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Maucort-Boulch D, Iwaz J, Marignier R, Cacoub P, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus-associated acute transverse myelitis: manifestations, treatments, outcomes, and prognostic factors in 20 patients. Lupus. 2015;24:74-81.
|
20 |
22.9-67.3 |
F (17) M (3) |
W (12)/AA(2)/A(3)/NA(3) |
0-36 years
|
8 |
20 |
ON(4)/SE(1) |
Costallat et al. (2015) |
14 |
9-42 |
F (14) |
W(7)/AA(2)/Br(5) |
0-16 years
|
4 |
8 |
ON(2)/SE(2)/OS (3)/CVA (1)/HE(1)/PLE (1)
|
Complement↓ (%) |
APL+ (%) |
|
CSF findings |
Spinal cord MRI (T2 FSE) |
Treatment |
Recurrence (%) |
Progression |
40 |
20 |
|
Oligoclonal bands (1) |
Longitudinal hypersignal (2)/N (3) |
IV MP (4)/1 CS(1) |
|
60 |
CR(3)/PR(2) |
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
Hypersignal (4) |
IV MP(4)/IV CYC (2) |
|
75 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
Longitudinal hypersignal(3)/ND(4) |
IV MP(4)/CS(3) |
|
43 |
CR(2)/ND(2)/DEATH(4) |
50 |
54 |
|
NA (8)/N (2)/↑protein (4) |
Changed (9)/N (5) |
IV CYC (9)/P(4) |
|
NA |
CR (3)/PR(2)/UR(9) |
50 |
66 |
|
↑protein (2) |
Longitudinal hypersignal(6) |
IV MP(6)/IV CYC (5) |
|
50 |
5 w/oR (5)/PR(1) |
NA |
73 |
|
Pleocytosis (2)/N (13) |
Changed (11)/N (2)/ND(1) |
IV MP(7)/CS (6)/AZA (6) |
|
6 |
CR(6)/PR(9) |
28 |
11 |
|
Pleocytosis (6) |
Longitudinal hypersignal(6) focal(5)/N(1)/ND(2) |
CS(14)/IV CYC (2)/P(1) |
|
7 |
R(4) |
NA |
54 |
|
Pleocytosis (GM) |
Longitudinal hypersignal 92% (GM) and 74% (WM) |
GM group, more aggressive therapy |
|
9 (GM) and 73(WM) |
GM group, more disability (mean of EDSS > in GM group) |
74 |
50 |
|
Predominance of pleocytosis |
Longitudinal hypersignal (22) |
IV MP(22)/IV CYC (13)/IV IG(4)/P(4)/RTX (2) |
|
18 |
CR(3)/PR(13)/w/oR(6) |
87 |
11 |
|
↑protein |
Predominance of focal lesion |
IV MP(14)/IV CYC (2)/P(1) |
|
NA |
NA |
87 |
45 |
|
Pleocytosis (5) |
Longitudinal hypersignal(9)/N (3) |
IV MP (18)/IV CYC (11)/IV IG(2)/P(3)/RTX(3) |
|
50 |
CR(5)/PR(12)/w/oR(1)/O(1) |
90 |
45 |
|
Pleocytosis (7)/N (6) |
Longitudinal hypersignal(7) |
IV MP(12)/CS (2)/IV CYC (10)/AZA(1) |
|
7 |
CR(0)/PR(7)/w/oR(4)/DEATH(3) |